Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri

Abstract

Bir konukçudan diğerine taşınma viral etmenlerin biyolojilerinde en önemli anahtardır ve çok sayıda bitki virüs hastalığı farklı vektörler tarafından çeşitli konukçular arasında taşınır. Bununla birlikte, virüsler ile vektörleri arasındaki ilişki son derece karmaşık olup konukçu, inokulum ve uygun çevre şartlarına bağlıdır. Bitki virüs hastalıklarını taşıyan en önemli vektörler Homoptera, Thysanoptera ve Coleoptera takımlarında yer almaktadır. Bu vektör gurupları içerisinde afitler virüs vektörü olarak öncelikli bir yere sahiptir ve tanılanmış 370 bitki virüsünün % 66’nı taşımaktadırlar. Bu derlemede, bitki virüslerinin afitlerle taşınma şekilleri, virüslerin vektörler tarafından alınmasında ve taşınmasında yardımcı unsurlarım rolü, patateste afitler tarafından taşınan önemli virüsler ile taşınma şekilleri, afitlerden virüslerin belirlenmesi, virüs-konukçu-afit-çevre ilişkisi, afitlerin biyolojileri ve afitler vasıtasıyla taşınan virüsler ile mücadele yöntemleri (tohumluk üretim alanlarının ticari üretim alanlarından ayrılması, tohumluk sertifikasyon programı uygulanması, vektör ve virüslerin bariyer ve çit bitkileri kullanılarak kontrol edilmesi, vektör ve virüslerin yabancı ot konukçularının ortadan kaldırılması, tohumluk patates üretimi için uygun alanların belirlenmesi ve genel olarak entegre kontrol programı uygulaması) özetlenecektir.

Keywords

• afit, patates, virüsler, yardımcı unsurlar, kontrol önlemleri

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