Genetic Diversity of Pea (Pisum arvense L.) Genotypes According to the Tissue Culture Traits

Abstract

Sufficient knowledge of genetic variation and germplasm classification is necessary to select suitable parents for breeding purposes. Effective and repeatable tissue culture method is a prerequisite for genetic engineering of pea genotypes (Pisum arvense L.). In this study, genetic diversity of forty-two pea genotypes (Pisum arvense L.) was evaluated based on callus induction capacity, embryogenic callus production and plant regeneration ability. Significant variation was observed among genotypes based on tissue culture parameters. The results of ANOVA indicated significant (P<0.01) differences among genotypes for traits callus induction, embryogenic callus, responded embryogenic callus, number of somatic embryos, responded somatic embryogenesis, regeneration efficiency and number of regenerated plantlet. Cluster analysis based on the tissue culture traits classified the genotypes into four groups. The highest genetic distance was observed between Subatan and Ovaçevirme-3 genotypes. The relationships among parameters related to tissue culture were investigated by principle component analysis (PCA). The PCA1 and PCA2 axes accounted 80.43% of total variation, mainly distinguish the indices in different groups.

Keywords

• Cluster analysis,Genetic diversity,PCA,Pea

Bezelye (Pisum arvense L.) Genotiplerinin Doku Kültürü Özelliklerine Göre Genetik Çeşitliliğinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Islah amaçlarına uygun ebevenyleri seçmek için gen kaynakları ve mevcut genetik çeşitlilik hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmak gereklidir. Etkin ve tekrarlanabilir doku kültürü sistemi bezelye genetik mühendisliği için ön koşullardan biridir. Bu çalışmada, 42 bezelye (Pisum arvense L.) genotipinin genetik çeşitliliği kallus oluşum kapasitesi, embriyogenik kallus oluşumu ve bitki rejenerasyon yeteneğine göre değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistik analiz sonuçlarına göre; genotipler arasında, kallus oluşumu, embriyogenik kallus, cevap veren embriyojenik kallus, somatik embriyogenesis sayısı, cevap veren somatik embriyogenez, rejenerasyon etkinliği ve rejenere bitkicik sayısı özellikleri bakımından önemli (P<0.01) farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Doku kültürü özellikleri dikkate alınarak yapılan kümeleme analizine göre genotipler 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. En yüksek genetik uzaklık Subatan ve Ovaçevirme-3 genotipleri arasında görülmüştür. Test edilen doku kültürü parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiler temel bileşenler analizi tespit edilmiş ve iki bileşenin (PCA1 ve PCA2) toplam varyasyonun %80.43’lük kısmını açıkladığı gözlenmiştir. Kallus oluşum kabiliyetinde gözlenen yüksek varyasyon, ıslah programlarında ebeveynlerin seçiminde etkin olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

• Kümeleme analizi,Genetik çeşitlilik,PCA,Bezelye

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