RİZE ZİRAAT TOPRAKLARINDA YIKANMA İLE VUKU BULAN NİTROJEN KAYBI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 1972, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, - , 11.12.2010

Saim Karakaplan

Abstract

ÖZET
Bu araştırma Rize ziraat topraklarında amonyum nitrat, amonyum
sul/at ve üredeki nitrojenin yıkanma seyri ve yıkanabilecek nitrojen
miktarı ile bunlara kireçlı:nmenin etkisini tı:spit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Rize çay Araştırma Enstitüsü fidanlıklarmdan siltndirlerle alınan
toprak örnekleri üzerinde yapılan bu çalışmada 12 yıkama işlemi sonunda
yıkanan toplam nitrojenin, (NO- 3+NH+ 4), ortalama olarak
% 88,4 - 98,6' sının nitrat formunda olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Genellikle, üre ve amonyum sulfaltan )'ıkanan nitrat formundaki
nitrojen miktarı, denemenin başlangıcında konroldan pek farkb olmamış,
daha sonra artarak 8. yıkamada en yüksek değere ulaşmış, sonra azalmıştır.
Amonyum nitratta ise denmenin başlangıcından itibaren nitrat
formunda fazla miktarda nitrOjen yıkanmış ve sonraki yıkama işlemlerinde
yıkanan nitrat nitrojeni miktarı gittikçe azalmıştır.
Kireçleme, 12 yıkama işlemi sonunda yıkanan nitrat nitrojeniformundaki
nitrGjenin büyük kısmının, denemenin başlangıcında meydana
gelmesine sebep olmuştur.

A Research Upon The Losses of Nitrogen By Leaching In The Culture Soils Of Rize

This investigation was undertaken
to determine the occuring nitrogm loss
by leaclıing from the cuHure soils of Rize.
The investigation area involves Merkez,
Yukarı Hayrat and Fener Nurseries
of the Tea Research Institute in Rize,
Turkey.
The cylinders having soil taken from
the bench terraces at the nurseries were.
subjected to various treatments and
leaching at the laboratory and the
amounts of nitrate- and ammonium-nitrogen
leaehed from the soils were determined.
in this investigation, treatments are
as fol1ows: Control, ammonium sulfate,
ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate
+ lime, ammonium nitrate + lime
and urea + lime.
On these three soils studied, the
amounts of nitrate - nitrogen leaehed
from amnıonium sulfate and urea were
very smalI at the begining of leaching;
however, then these amounts rİsed very
quiekly. On the other h,md, in the ease
of ammonium nitrate which has half
nitrate - nitrogen and half ammoniumnitrogen
the aıİıounts of nitrogen leached
were very high at the begining, but Iater
smalI. When the fertilizers med İn this
investigation were applied with lime
it was seen that nitrogen Ieached very
quickly.
On these three nurseries, under several
treatments and 'at t'he end of the
tweIfth leaching, 89.4 - 98.6 %of the total
amounts of nitrogen leached is in
nitrate form and the rest in ammonium
form. This indieates that the amount of
the nitrogen leached in nitrate form was
greater than the ammonİum foım.
For these soils which are acid in reaction,
urea may be recommended instead
of ammonium sulfate, since urea shows
a Leaching like ammonium sulfate.
Under lıumid contditions, when the
ferti/izer of ammonium nitrate is used,
a great deal of nitrogen will be lost. So,
it should not be taken into consideration
in fertilization at this area investigated.

Keywords

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