DOĞU ANADOLU'DAN TOPLANAN KAFKAS ÜÇGÜLÜ (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) ÖRNEKLERİNİN KROMOZOM SAYILARI ve BAZI MORFOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ

Year 1973, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, - , 14.12.2010

İsmet Baysal

Abstract

Doğu Anadolu'dan toplanan kafkas üçgülü örnekleri, poliploid
formların tesbiti için, kök uçlarında kromazam sayımı yapılmak üzere
saksılarda köklendirildi. Köklendirilen bitkilerden alınan kök udannın
doymuş poradichlorobenzene eriyiğinde S-lO°C sıcaklıkta 3 saat beklettikten
sonra aseto-orsem-hidroklorik asit ile boyanmasından iyi sonuç
alınmıştır. Kromozom sayımı sonunda kafkas üçgülünün diploid (2n=16),
tetraploid ve hekzaploid formlarının Doğu Anadolu'da doğalolarak
yetiştiği ilk defa tesbit edilmiştir.
Morfolojik karakter/er bakımından bitkilerin kromozom sayısı
arttıkça ortalama değer/erde de bir artı§ olmuştur. Ancak değerlerin
dağılışında formlar arasında genellikle bir geçiş giirülmektedir. Bu
durumda adı geçen karektedere göre poliploid formları kesin olarak
ayırt etmek mümkün görÜımemektedir.

CHROMOSOME COUNTS IN THE ROOT TIPS AND SOME OF THE
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF CAUCASIAN CLOVER (Trifolium anibiguum M. Bieb.) COLLECTED FROM EASTERN ANATOLIA

Chromosome eounts were made İn
the ı oot tips of Caucasian clover collected
from eastem Anatolia, in order
to determine ploidy level of the plants.
The best and rapid preparation was
obtained by keeping root tips in the
paradiehlorobenzene solution for 3
hours and staining with aeeto-orceinHCL
solution (BaysaL, 1966 and 1968).
Root tips obtained from the
pla,nts, which were growing in the
pots, were put into a saturated paradichlorobenzene
saluıion for 3 hours
at 8-ıo°C. Of the Imm, tip of the roots were
cut, cleaned and transferred to a mixture
of ı.5 % ateco-orcein and 0.5 normal
HCL solution in the proportion of 10
to I. The root tips were heated over a
name up to boiling points (5-10 seconds)
and than were left for cooling.
The root tips were transferred to one
drop 45 % acetic acid and squashed.
For practically permenant slide,
a smalll drop orı ü % glycerine in 45 %
acetic acid (Rattenbury, 1956) was placed
at the margin ofthe CQverslip and allowed
to now undeı as the aqueous portions evaporates. If bubbles appeaı after a
day or two, another drop of the glycerine
solution may be added.
After the chromosome couting,
polyploid series of diploid (2n=16),
tetraploid and hexaploid forms of
Caucasian clover were established. This
was done for the fırst time among the
p1ant materials colleeted from eastem
Anato1ia.
B. Morphologicat characters
1. Middle leaflet length, width
and index (lengthfwidth) and length of
stoma and stipu/e: Mean values of these
characters increased with p10idy.
However an overplapping in· the ranges
showed that these characters will not
be positive criterion, for establishing
the ploidy leve1 of a giyen planL
- The mean middle /eaflet legıh was
32.9±2.25 in diploids, 40.2±2.-58 in
tetraploids and 58.1 +0.94 mm. in
hexaploids. The range of this value was
from 24.7 to 62.5 mm. in tetraploids.
Diploid and hexaploid mean values
were within this range.
The mean midd/e leaflet ıvidlh was
18.3±0.88 in diploids, 16.8±O.l4 ın
tetraploids, and 24. ı ±0.51 mm. in
hexaploids:
Tne mean middle leajlet index was
1.8±0.02 in dipolids, 2.4±0.05 in
tetraploids and 2.4±0.33 in hexaploids
. Minİmum index value (1.3) was
in diploids and maxumim (3.4) in tetraploids.
The mean stoma /engtlı was 21.
8±0.05 microns in diploids, 24.7±0.01
microns in tetraploids, and 33.1 ±O.02
microns i? bexaploids. it migth be possible
to identify the bexaploids, from
64
other two forms, wİtb greater mean
value and range (31.4-34.2 microns).
2. Head length and width and planı
heigh/: Varied mean values witb 1'10idyle
vels were obtained for these cbaracters.
There was an overlap between
ploidy levels in the disribution of the
values.
The mean head length was 29.1 ±
0.46 mm. diploids, 29.±4.021 in tetraploids,
and 29.5±0.39 mm. in hexaploids.
The mean head width was 25.1 ±0.46
mm. diploids, 23.8±0.10 in tetrapIoids
and 29.5±0.39 mm. in bexapIoids.
The mean plant height was 12.3±
0.76 cm. in dip10ids, 9.3±0.43 cm. in
tetraploids and 28.5±0.64 cm. in hexaploids.
There were erect, semi erect and
prostrate, pJants in dip10ds and tetrapIoids.
All hexaploids were erect.
3. FIOlver and pistil length, ca/yx
length and width, calyx teeth /ength
and pal/en grain size: VaIues obtaincd
for these cabaracters varied with 1'10idy
level of plants.
The mean f/over length was 12.7±
0.11 mm. in diploids, 12.3±ü.04 in tetrap10ids
and 16.2±O.15 in hexaploids.
Pisti! length and width and calyy:
teeth /engt mean values: in diploids
mean values of calyx lengtb (5'-1 ±O.OS
mm.) and clayx teeth length (2.1 ±O.O1)
were greater tban tetraploids (4.3±0.03
and 1.3±0.01 mm. resepc.tİvely); mean
calyx width in tctraploids (I-.9±0.01
mm.) was graetar tb an diploids (1.8±
0.05 mm.) Mean calyx length and width,
and calyx teeth !ength of hexaploids
(6.9±0.09, 2.6±0.03, 2.6±00.2 respectively) were greater then the other
two fonns.· These charcateristics can
be used to distinguish hexaploids from
other two fonn. Average pol/en grain size was 29.
1±0.04 microns in diploids 32.2±0.01
microns in tetraploids and 35.1 ±0.03
microns in hexaploids.

 

Keywords

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