Bu çalışma, Siirt
yöresinin küçükbaş hayvancılık işletmelerinin mevki, rakım, hayvan sayısı ve
ırkı, destek uygulamasından yararlanma, sütün değerlendirilmesi gibi yapısal ve
işletmecilerin demografik, birlik ve kooperatife üyelik gibi sosyal durumlarını
belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma materyalini Siirt il merkezi ve 6
ilçesinde gayeli örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenen 286 işletmede yapılan
anket verileri oluşturmaktadır. İşletmelerin
%8.7’si il merkezinde olup, yoğunluk Pervari (%25.5), Şirvan (%19.9) ve Eruh (%
18.2) ilçesinde bulunmaktadır. İşletmelerin bulunduğu köylerin rakımları
ortalama 1134 m olup, işletmelerin % 44.8’i dağ köyünde, % 29’u yamaç, %24.5’i
ova köyünde bulunmaktadır. Yörede işletmecilerin sadece %1.7’si göçer
hayvancılık yapmaktadır. Ortalama 47.3yaşında olan işletmecilerin %26.2’si
okuma yazma bilmemekte, %61.2’si ilkokul mezunu, %10.1’i ortaokul mezunu ve
%2.4’ü ise lise mezunudur. Her işletme ortalama 146.15 küçükbaş hayvan ve 38.27
da araziye sahip olup, 70 işletmenin arazisi bulunmamaktadır. İşletmelerde
hayvansal üretime çocuk etkisinin oranı %71, kadın etkisinin oranı ise %90.2
olarak önemli bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Yetiştiricilerin %97.2’sinin mevcut ırklardan memnun oldukları, %40.6’sının
sadece hayvancılık ile uğraştıkları, %59.4’ünün ise ticaret, bitkisel üretim ve
kamusal alanda çalıştıkları tespit edilmiştir. Siirt ili küçükbaş hayvancılığı,
genel olarak dağ köylerinde, ilkokul tahsiline sahip ve hayvancılık için
yeterli arazisi olmayan, çocuk ve kadınların üretime katkısının yoğun olduğu
işletmelerden oluşmaktadır. Bölgede hayvancılığın daha rasyonel yapılması ve
üretimin artırılması için, eğitim düzeyi yüksek gençlerin hayvancılığa teşvik
edilmesi, üreticilerin yetiştirme teknikleri konusunda eğitilmesi ve
işletmelerin teknik olarak iyileştirilmesi gerekmektedir.
This study was aimed to investigates structural and
demographic and social characteristic of sheep and goat farms in Siirt province
which are; location of farm, altitude, animal race and number, government
support, being member of cooperative and unity. Research material was obtained
from a survey which carried out in 286 farms located in Siirt city center and 6
districts. As for location, just 8.7% of
farms were in Centrum, however most of the farms as their intensity were being
in Pervari (25.5%), Şirvan (19.9%) and Eruh (18.2%) districts respectively. The
average altitude of the villages where farms located was 1134 m altitude, and
44.8 % of farms were mountain villages, 29% in slope villages and 24.5% in
lowland villages. Only 1.7% of the farms were
doing migratory livestock. The average age of the farmers was 47.3 years old. The educational status rate was observed
as 61.2% graduates from primary school
and followed by illiterate (26.2%), graduates from secondary school (10.1%),
but only 2.4% of the farmers were graduated from high school. The average
number of sheep and goat per farm was 146.15. The average land ownership per
farm was 38,27 da. and 70 farms did not have any land ownership. It was found
that the contribution of children and women on production was significant (p
<0.01). The contribution ratio of children and the female was 71% and 90.2 %
respectively. It was found that 97.2% of the farmers were satisfied with the
breed they raised, 40.6% of the farmers were just doing livestock production,
while 59.4% were working in the trade, crop production, and government jobs. Structurally
farms in Siirt province is generally located in mountain villages, average land
owned is 38.27 da. Most of the farmers educated at primary level and intensive
child and women contribution to the productionare
common. It was determined that in order
to do a more rational animal husbandry and to increase
the production in these farms, more educated people encouraged and technical improvement and technical knowledge
for farmers are required.
Primary Language | Turkish |
---|---|
Journal Section | ARAŞTIRMALAR |
Authors | |
Publication Date | January 30, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 |
Articles published in this journal are published under the Creative Commons International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). This allows the work to be copied and distributed in any medium or format provided that the original article is appropriately cited. However, the articles work cannot be used for commercial purposes.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/