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Exploring Emotional Dependency in Romantic Relationships

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 421 - 442

Öz

Emotional Emotional dependency in romantic relationships is a significant psychological issue that diminishes relationship satisfaction and leads to power imbalances. It is typically associated with insecurity, anxiety, and a persistent need for validation. This article examines the psychological foundations of emotional dependency, its impact on relational dynamics, and therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating its effects.Bowlby’s (1969) attachment theory underscores that emotional dependency originates from early caregiver relationships and is particularly prevalent among individuals with an anxious attachment style. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), attachment-based therapy (ABT), and emotion-focused therapy (EFT) are explored in terms of their efficacy in restructuring maladaptive cognitive patterns and fostering emotional autonomy. Additionally, the role of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in enhancing emotional regulation and self-awareness is assessed.By highlighting the detrimental effects of emotional dependency on relationship satisfaction and communication, this study underscores the necessity of therapeutic interventions in promoting healthier relational dynamics. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of these approaches and their adaptability to diverse individual needs.

Kaynakça

  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
  • Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-244. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529.
  • Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders. International Universities Press.
  • Beck, A. T. (2011). Cognitive therapy: A 30-year retrospective. American Psychologist, 56(5), 397-404.
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Volume I: Attachment. Basic Books.
  • Bowlby, J. (1988). A Secure Base: Parent-Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development. Basic Books.
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
  • Burns, D. D. (1980). Feeling good: The new mood therapy. New American Library.
  • Carnelley, K. B., Pietromonaco, P. R., & Jaffe, K. (1994). The influence of adult attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(3), 618–628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.3.618
  • Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P. R. (2016). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. Guilford Press.
  • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) Professional Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources. Collins, N. L., & Feeney, B. C. (2004). An attachment theory perspective on interpersonal relationships. In M. J. Montemayor, G. R. Adams, & T. P. Gullotta (Eds.), Adolescent development and the life course (pp. 195–234). Academic Press.
  • Coyne, J. C. (1976). Depression and the response of others. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85(2), 221-230.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. DOI: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Dijkstra, P., & Barelds, D. P. H. (2008). Personality and relationship satisfaction: A comparison between married and cohabiting couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(2), 438-448.
  • Dimeff, L. A., Linehan, M. M., & Nadkarni, L. (2005). Dialectical behavior therapy for people with borderline personality disorder: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20058
  • Ellis, A. (1962). Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy. Lyle Stuart.
  • Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2012). Social role theory. In P. A. M. van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 458-476). SAGE Publications.
  • Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1996). Adult attachment. Sage Publications.
  • Feldman, R. (2012). Oxytocin and social affiliation in humans. Hormones and Behavior, 61(3), 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.01.008
  • Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (2000). Adult romantic attachment: Theoretical developments, emerging controversies, and unanswered questions. Review of General Psychology, 4(2), 132-154.
  • Gillath, O., Karantzas, G., & Fraley, R. C. (2016). Adult Attachment: A Concise Introduction to Theory and Research. Academic Press.
  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine Publishing.
  • Gottman, J. M., & Silver, N. (1999). The seven principles for making marriage work. Three Rivers Press.
  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(3), 511-524. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511
  • Hirsch, A. E., & Wardlow, D. (1999). Romantic love and the media. Sex Roles, 40(9-10), 875-889. Jack, D. L., & Dill, D. L. (1992). The silencing of women in mental health. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 16(1), 97-112.
  • Johnson, S. M. (2004). The Practice of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy: Creating Connection (2nd ed.). Brunner-Routledge.
  • Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, methods, and research. Psychological Bulletin, 118(1), 3–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.3
  • Knee, C. R., Canevello, A., & Bush, K. A. (2002). Implicit theories of relationships: Implications for conflict resolution. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(7), 1025-1038.
  • Leahy, R. L. (2001). Cognitive therapy techniques: A practitioner’s guide. The Guilford Press.
  • Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Griffin, D. W. (1996). The portrayal of the self in romantic relationships: The role of self-esteem and partner’s evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(6), 1227-1243.
  • Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Collins, N. L. (2000). The reference and emotional significance of close relationships: Integrating two perspectives on relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(2), 377-386. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167200265008
  • Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. Guilford Press.
  • Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309027
  • Rholes, W. S., & Simpson, J. A. (2004). Attachment theory and close relationships. Guilford Press.
  • Rusbult, C. E., Zembrodt, I. M., & Gunn, L. K. (1986). Exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect: Responses to dissatisfaction in romantic involvements. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(5), 1200-1212. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.49.5.1200
  • Rusbult, C. E., Martz, J. M., & Agnew, C. R. (1998). The investment model scale: Measuring commitment level, satisfaction level, quality of alternatives, and investment size. Personal Relationships, 5(4), 357–391. DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.1998.tb00177.x Shaver, P. R., & Mikulincer, M. (2005). Attachment theory and close relationships: A decade of progress. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22(6), 891–906. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407505056499
  • Siegel, D. J. (2012). The Developing Mind: How Relationships and the Brain Interact to Shape Who We Are (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Simon, R. W., & Barrett, A. E. (2010). Non-marital romantic relationships and mental health in early adulthood. Social Science Research, 39(4), 557-569.
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Luyten, P. (2007). The parental psychological control scale: A multidimensional approach. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 16(2), 173-187.
  • Skinner, B.F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior. Free Press.
  • Sternberg, R. J. (1986). A triangular theory of love. Psychological Review, 93(2), 119–135. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.93.2.119
  • Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Westview Press.
  • Thibaut, J. W., & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The social psychology of groups. Wiley.
  • Winnicott, D. W. (1965). The maturational processes and the facilitating environment: Studies in the theory of emotional development. International Universities Press.
  • Van Lange, P. A. M., Rusbult, C. E., Drigotas, S. M., Arriaga, X. B., Witcher, B. S., & Cox, C. L. (1997). Willingness to sacrifice in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(6), 1373–1395. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.72.6.1373

Romantik İlişkilerde Duygusal Bağımlılığı Keşfetmek

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 421 - 442

Öz

Romantik ilişkilerde duygusal bağımlılık, ilişki memnuniyetini azaltan ve güç dengesizliklerine yol açan önemli bir psikolojik sorundur. Bu durum, genellikle güvensizlik, kaygı ve sürekli onay ihtiyacı ile ilişkilidir. Makale, duygusal bağımlılığın psikolojik temellerini, ilişki dinamiklerine etkilerini ve bu sorunun azaltılmasına yönelik terapötik stratejileri incelemektedir. Bowlby’nin (1969) bağlanma teorisi, duygusal bağımlılığın erken dönem bakım veren ilişkilerinden kaynaklandığını ve özellikle kaygılı bağlanma stiline sahip bireylerde daha sık görüldüğünü vurgular. Bilişsel-davranışçı terapi (BDT), bağlanma temelli terapi (BTT) ve duygu odaklı terapi (DOT) gibi yaklaşımlar, olumsuz bilişsel kalıpları değiştirme ve duygusal özerklik geliştirme açısından ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca, farkındalık temelli müdahalelerin (FTM’ler) bireylerin duygusal düzenleme ve öz farkındalık geliştirmesindeki rolü değerlendirilmektedir. Duygusal bağımlılığın ilişki memnuniyeti ve iletişim üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerine dikkat çeken çalışma, daha sağlıklı ilişkiler için terapötik müdahalelerin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Gelecek araştırmaların, bu yöntemlerin etkinliğini ve farklı bireysel ihtiyaçlara uygunluğunu incelemesi önerilmektedir.

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma makale çalışması literatür taraması yöntemiyle yazılmış olduğundan dolayı herhangi bir insan/hayvan katılımına ihtiyaç duyulmamıştır. Bu sebepten dolayı da makale çalışması için etik kurul iznine ihtiyaç duyulmamıştır.

Teşekkür

Değerli editörüm, şimdiden emeğiniz ve zamanınız için size çok teşekkür eder saygı ve sevgilerimi sunarım.

Kaynakça

  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
  • Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-244. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529.
  • Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders. International Universities Press.
  • Beck, A. T. (2011). Cognitive therapy: A 30-year retrospective. American Psychologist, 56(5), 397-404.
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Volume I: Attachment. Basic Books.
  • Bowlby, J. (1988). A Secure Base: Parent-Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development. Basic Books.
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
  • Burns, D. D. (1980). Feeling good: The new mood therapy. New American Library.
  • Carnelley, K. B., Pietromonaco, P. R., & Jaffe, K. (1994). The influence of adult attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(3), 618–628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.3.618
  • Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P. R. (2016). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. Guilford Press.
  • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) Professional Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources. Collins, N. L., & Feeney, B. C. (2004). An attachment theory perspective on interpersonal relationships. In M. J. Montemayor, G. R. Adams, & T. P. Gullotta (Eds.), Adolescent development and the life course (pp. 195–234). Academic Press.
  • Coyne, J. C. (1976). Depression and the response of others. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85(2), 221-230.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. DOI: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Dijkstra, P., & Barelds, D. P. H. (2008). Personality and relationship satisfaction: A comparison between married and cohabiting couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(2), 438-448.
  • Dimeff, L. A., Linehan, M. M., & Nadkarni, L. (2005). Dialectical behavior therapy for people with borderline personality disorder: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20058
  • Ellis, A. (1962). Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy. Lyle Stuart.
  • Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2012). Social role theory. In P. A. M. van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 458-476). SAGE Publications.
  • Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1996). Adult attachment. Sage Publications.
  • Feldman, R. (2012). Oxytocin and social affiliation in humans. Hormones and Behavior, 61(3), 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.01.008
  • Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (2000). Adult romantic attachment: Theoretical developments, emerging controversies, and unanswered questions. Review of General Psychology, 4(2), 132-154.
  • Gillath, O., Karantzas, G., & Fraley, R. C. (2016). Adult Attachment: A Concise Introduction to Theory and Research. Academic Press.
  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine Publishing.
  • Gottman, J. M., & Silver, N. (1999). The seven principles for making marriage work. Three Rivers Press.
  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(3), 511-524. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511
  • Hirsch, A. E., & Wardlow, D. (1999). Romantic love and the media. Sex Roles, 40(9-10), 875-889. Jack, D. L., & Dill, D. L. (1992). The silencing of women in mental health. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 16(1), 97-112.
  • Johnson, S. M. (2004). The Practice of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy: Creating Connection (2nd ed.). Brunner-Routledge.
  • Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, methods, and research. Psychological Bulletin, 118(1), 3–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.3
  • Knee, C. R., Canevello, A., & Bush, K. A. (2002). Implicit theories of relationships: Implications for conflict resolution. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(7), 1025-1038.
  • Leahy, R. L. (2001). Cognitive therapy techniques: A practitioner’s guide. The Guilford Press.
  • Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Griffin, D. W. (1996). The portrayal of the self in romantic relationships: The role of self-esteem and partner’s evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(6), 1227-1243.
  • Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Collins, N. L. (2000). The reference and emotional significance of close relationships: Integrating two perspectives on relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(2), 377-386. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167200265008
  • Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. Guilford Press.
  • Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309027
  • Rholes, W. S., & Simpson, J. A. (2004). Attachment theory and close relationships. Guilford Press.
  • Rusbult, C. E., Zembrodt, I. M., & Gunn, L. K. (1986). Exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect: Responses to dissatisfaction in romantic involvements. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(5), 1200-1212. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.49.5.1200
  • Rusbult, C. E., Martz, J. M., & Agnew, C. R. (1998). The investment model scale: Measuring commitment level, satisfaction level, quality of alternatives, and investment size. Personal Relationships, 5(4), 357–391. DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.1998.tb00177.x Shaver, P. R., & Mikulincer, M. (2005). Attachment theory and close relationships: A decade of progress. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22(6), 891–906. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407505056499
  • Siegel, D. J. (2012). The Developing Mind: How Relationships and the Brain Interact to Shape Who We Are (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Simon, R. W., & Barrett, A. E. (2010). Non-marital romantic relationships and mental health in early adulthood. Social Science Research, 39(4), 557-569.
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Luyten, P. (2007). The parental psychological control scale: A multidimensional approach. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 16(2), 173-187.
  • Skinner, B.F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior. Free Press.
  • Sternberg, R. J. (1986). A triangular theory of love. Psychological Review, 93(2), 119–135. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.93.2.119
  • Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Westview Press.
  • Thibaut, J. W., & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The social psychology of groups. Wiley.
  • Winnicott, D. W. (1965). The maturational processes and the facilitating environment: Studies in the theory of emotional development. International Universities Press.
  • Van Lange, P. A. M., Rusbult, C. E., Drigotas, S. M., Arriaga, X. B., Witcher, B. S., & Cox, C. L. (1997). Willingness to sacrifice in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(6), 1373–1395. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.72.6.1373
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Gelişim Psikolojisi (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Şenol Deniz 0000-0003-2553-1070

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 22 Şubat 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 21 Şubat 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Deniz, Ş. (2025). Romantik İlişkilerde Duygusal Bağımlılığı Keşfetmek. Akademik Tarih Ve Düşünce Dergisi, 12(1), 421-442.

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