Plantar Fasciitis, a Common Cause of Heel Pain in Runners: Literature Review on Etiology, Evaluation and Treatment

Abstract

When the demographic and socioeconomic situation of our country is analyzed on the basis of a developing country, today's people spend most of their time outside. The feet are constantly burdened by walking and standing. The most important factor that relieves or worsens this situation is undoubtedly anatomical and physiological factors such as gait style, shoes, pes planus, pes cavus, limited dorsiflexion of the ankle, excessive eversion or excessive inversion. It is the aponeurosis plantaris, which covers a significant part of the load transmitted to the foot and is located in the part of the foot plantar surface closest to the dermis. This structure is located on the plantar surface of the foot, the most superficial of the 4 layers of musculature, and lies between the calcaneus and the phalanx. Although its primary task seems to be to protect the structures located deeper, since it is the closest structure to the skin surface, its proximity to many important neurovascular structures and muscles shows the importance of the topographic anatomy of the mentioned structure. The aim of our study is to examine the etiological factors, related pathologies, conservative and surgical treatment methods such as physiotherapy, various injections, extracorporeal shock wave therapy and orthoses of plantar fasciitis, which is the most important and most common pathology of this structure.

Keywords

• Plantar aponeurosis
• Plantar Fasciitis
• Foot
• Sport

Koşucularda Topuk Ağrısının Yaygın Sebebi Plantar Fasiit: Etyolojisi, Değerlendirilmesi ve Tedavisine İlişkin Litaratür Derlemesi

Abstract

ÖZ Ülkemizin demografik ve sosyoekonomik durumu, gelişmekte olan bir ülke bazında incelendiğinde, günümüz insanının vaktinin çoğunluğu dışarıda geçmektedir. Gerek yürüyerek, gerekse ayakta durarak ayaklara durmaksızın yük binmektedir. Bu durumun rahatlatıcı ya da daha da kötüye gitmesini sağlayan en önemli faktörler ise yürüyüş tarzı, ayakkabılar, pes planus, pes cavus, ayak bileğinin sınırlı dorsifleksiyonu, aşırı eversiyon veya aşırı inversiyon gibi anatomik ve fizyolojik faktörlerdir. Ayak plantar yüzeyinin dermise en yakın bölümünde bulunan aponeurosis plantaris ayağa iletilen yükün önemli bir bölümünü karşılar. Aponeurosis plantaris, ayak plantar yüzeyinde, 4 tabaka kas yapısının en yüzeyelinde bulunan ve calcaneus ile phalanx’lar arasında uzanan bir yapıdır. Deri yüzeyine en yakın yapı olması sebebiyle birincil görevi daha derininde bulunan yapıları korumak gibi görünse de birçok önemli nörovasküler yapı ve kaslar ile olan komşuluğu, bahsedilen yapının topografik anatomisinin önemini göstermektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı, bu yapının en önemli ve en sık görülen patolojisi olan plantar fasiit’in etiyolojik faktörleri, ilgili patolojileri, fizyoterapi, çeşitli enjeksiyonlar, ekstrakorporeal şok dalgası tedavisi ve ortezler gibi konservatif ve cerrahi tedavi yöntemlerinin incelenmesidir.

Keywords

• Aponeurosis Plantaris
• Plantar Fasiit
• Ayak
• Spor

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