Review
BibTex RIS Cite

DOĞAL VE YAPAY TATLANDIRICILARIN SAĞLIK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Year 2022, Volume: 1 Issue: 3 - February 2022, 30 - 39, 18.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.54270/atljm.2022.14

Abstract

Doğal ve yapay tatlandırıcılar şeker kullanımına alternatif olarak tercih edilen, gıdalarda istenilen tatlılık hissini sağlayan genel olarak şekerden daha az kalorili gıda katkı maddeleridir. Yapay tatlandırıcıların kilo
kaybına yardımcı olmak, limitli şeker alımı ile iyi bir glisemik kontrol sağlamak gibi özellikleri açısından diyabetik hastalar için şeker yerine tercih edilen yaygın bir alternatiftir. Ancak son zamanlarda tatlandırıcılar
ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda yapay tatlandırıcıların obezite, diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, kanser gibi hastalıklar için risk faktörü olduğu bulgulara rastlanmaktadır. Tüm bu etkilerine ek olarak yapay tatlandırıcıların fizyolojik etkileri de bulunmaktadır. Araştırmalar gösterir ki yapay tatlandırıcıları tüketmek bireyin yemek yeme motivasyonu ve tüketilen besinin porsiyon miktarında da bir artışa sebep olmaktadır. Çünkü şekerin yaptığı gibi tokluk hissini uyarmazlar ve sindirim besin- emilim ve metabolizma üzerinde tokluk sinyalini uyaran ve iştahı bastıran hormonu daha az baskılamak gibi etkilere sahip olması ile artan besin alımını teşvik etmektedir. Bu bulgular hala kesin kanıt niteliği taşımasa da dikkate alınması ve yetkili kurumlarca belirlenen günlük alım miktarlarının aşılmaması uzmanlar tarafından önerilmektedir. Bu derleme makalede özellikle yapay tatlandırıcıların hastalıklar üzerindeki olası olumsuz etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi, güvenilir kullanım miktarları ve bağırsak mikrobiyomunda çeşitlilik ve yapısında yaratabilecekleri değişikler incelenmektedir.

References

  • İşgören A, Sungur S. TATLANDIRICILAR. Lectio Sci. 2019;3(1):19-33.
  • Wani MM, Bhat TA. Sugar substitutes and artificial sweeteners. JMS Ski. 2019;22(1):90-92. doi:10.33883/jms.v22i1.439
  • Saraiva A, Carrascosa C, Raheem D, Ramos F, Raposo A. Natural Sweeteners: The Relevance of Food Naturalness for Consumers, Food Security Aspects, Sustainability and Health Impacts. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(17):6285. doi:10.3390/ijerph17176285
  • M C, P M, Icfr F. Sweeteners as food additives in the XXI century: A review of what is known, and what is to come. Food Chem Toxicol Int J Publ Br Ind Biol Res Assoc. 2017;107(Pt A):302- 317. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.046
  • Mohamed AS, El-Shinnawy NA, Abd El-mageid SA. Difference between natural and artificial sweeteners: Histopathological studies on male albino rat’s brain (hippocampus). J Sci Res Sci. 2019;36(1):120-139. doi:10.21608/jsrs.2019.3100
  • Food and Drug Administration, HHS. Food labeling: health claims; dietary noncariogenic carbohydrate sweeteners and dental caries. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2006;71(60):15559-15564.
  • Chattopadhyay S, Raychaudhuri U, Chakraborty R. Artificial sweeteners - a review. J Food Sci Technol. 2014;51(4):611-621. doi:10.1007/s13197-011-0571-1
  • Spencer M, Gupta A, Van Dam L, Shannon C, Menees S, Chey WD. Artificial Sweeteners: A Systematic Review and Primer for Gastroenterologists. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016;22(2):168-180. doi:10.5056/jnm15206
  • Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Plaza-Díaz J, Sáez-Lara MJ, Gil A. Effects of Sweeteners on the Gut Microbiota: A Review of Experimental Studies and Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr. 2019;10(suppl_1):S31-S48. doi:10.1093/advances/nmy037
  • Carocho M, Barreiro MF, Morales P, Ferreira ICFR. Adding Molecules to Food, Pros and Cons: A Review on Synthetic and Natural Food Additives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2014;13(4):377-399. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12065
  • Sylvetsky AC, Rother KI. Nonnutritive Sweeteners in Weight Management and Chronic Disease: A Review. Obes Silver Spring Md. 2018;26(4):635-640. doi:10.1002/oby.22139
  • Azad MB, Abou-Setta AM, Chauhan BF, et al. Nonnutritive sweeteners and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies. CMAJ Can Med Assoc J J Assoc Medicale Can. 2017;189(28):E929-E939. doi:10.1503/cmaj.161390
  • Segata N. Gut Microbiome: Westernization and the Disappearance of Intestinal Diversity. Curr Biol. 2015;25(14):R611-3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.040
  • Pearlman M, Obert J, Casey L. The Association Between Artificial Sweeteners and Obesity. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2017;19(12):64. doi:10.1007/s11894-017-0602-9
  • Bleich SN, Wolfson JA, Vine S, Wang YC. Diet-Beverage Consumption and Caloric Intake Among US Adults, Overall and by Body Weight. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(3):e72. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301556
  • Kızılaslan N. The Relationship Between Sweeteners and Metabolic Diseases. Turk J Agric - Food Sci Technol. 2017;5(2):191-198. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v5i2.191-198.1033
  • Toews I, Lohner S, Gaudry DK de, Sommer H, Meerpohl JJ. Association between intake of non- sugar sweeteners and health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials and observational studies. BMJ. 2019;364. doi:10.1136/bmj.k4718
  • Insights into the molecular mechanisms of diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction: focus on oxidative stress and endothelial progenitor cells | SpringerLink. Accessed July 16, 2021. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12020-015-0709-4
  • Swithers SE. Not-so-healthy sugar substitutes? Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2016;9:106-110. doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.03.003
  • T J, Mf A, S S, et al. Fructose and sugar: A major mediator of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of hepatology. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.019
  • Umpleby AM, Shojaee-Moradie F, Fielding B, et al. Impact of liver fat on the differential partitioning of hepatic triacylglycerol into VLDL subclasses on high and low sugar diets. Clin Sci. 2017;131(21):2561-2573. doi:10.1042/CS2017120
  • Plaza-Diaz J, Pastor-Villaescusa B, RuedaRobles A, Abadia-Molina F, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ. Plausible Biological Interactions of Low- and Non-Calorie Sweeteners with the Intestinal Microbiota: An Update of Recent Studies. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):1153. doi:10.3390/nu12041153
  • Cavagnari BM. Non-caloric sweeteners : specific characteristics and safety assessment. Arch Argent Pediatría 2019 1171. Published online 2019. doi:10.5546/aap.2019.eng.e1
  • Alphan ET. Tatlandırıcı içeren özel beslenme amaçlı gıdalar. Diyabet Yıllığı 2004-2005.
Year 2022, Volume: 1 Issue: 3 - February 2022, 30 - 39, 18.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.54270/atljm.2022.14

Abstract

References

  • İşgören A, Sungur S. TATLANDIRICILAR. Lectio Sci. 2019;3(1):19-33.
  • Wani MM, Bhat TA. Sugar substitutes and artificial sweeteners. JMS Ski. 2019;22(1):90-92. doi:10.33883/jms.v22i1.439
  • Saraiva A, Carrascosa C, Raheem D, Ramos F, Raposo A. Natural Sweeteners: The Relevance of Food Naturalness for Consumers, Food Security Aspects, Sustainability and Health Impacts. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(17):6285. doi:10.3390/ijerph17176285
  • M C, P M, Icfr F. Sweeteners as food additives in the XXI century: A review of what is known, and what is to come. Food Chem Toxicol Int J Publ Br Ind Biol Res Assoc. 2017;107(Pt A):302- 317. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.046
  • Mohamed AS, El-Shinnawy NA, Abd El-mageid SA. Difference between natural and artificial sweeteners: Histopathological studies on male albino rat’s brain (hippocampus). J Sci Res Sci. 2019;36(1):120-139. doi:10.21608/jsrs.2019.3100
  • Food and Drug Administration, HHS. Food labeling: health claims; dietary noncariogenic carbohydrate sweeteners and dental caries. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2006;71(60):15559-15564.
  • Chattopadhyay S, Raychaudhuri U, Chakraborty R. Artificial sweeteners - a review. J Food Sci Technol. 2014;51(4):611-621. doi:10.1007/s13197-011-0571-1
  • Spencer M, Gupta A, Van Dam L, Shannon C, Menees S, Chey WD. Artificial Sweeteners: A Systematic Review and Primer for Gastroenterologists. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016;22(2):168-180. doi:10.5056/jnm15206
  • Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Plaza-Díaz J, Sáez-Lara MJ, Gil A. Effects of Sweeteners on the Gut Microbiota: A Review of Experimental Studies and Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr. 2019;10(suppl_1):S31-S48. doi:10.1093/advances/nmy037
  • Carocho M, Barreiro MF, Morales P, Ferreira ICFR. Adding Molecules to Food, Pros and Cons: A Review on Synthetic and Natural Food Additives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2014;13(4):377-399. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12065
  • Sylvetsky AC, Rother KI. Nonnutritive Sweeteners in Weight Management and Chronic Disease: A Review. Obes Silver Spring Md. 2018;26(4):635-640. doi:10.1002/oby.22139
  • Azad MB, Abou-Setta AM, Chauhan BF, et al. Nonnutritive sweeteners and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies. CMAJ Can Med Assoc J J Assoc Medicale Can. 2017;189(28):E929-E939. doi:10.1503/cmaj.161390
  • Segata N. Gut Microbiome: Westernization and the Disappearance of Intestinal Diversity. Curr Biol. 2015;25(14):R611-3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.040
  • Pearlman M, Obert J, Casey L. The Association Between Artificial Sweeteners and Obesity. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2017;19(12):64. doi:10.1007/s11894-017-0602-9
  • Bleich SN, Wolfson JA, Vine S, Wang YC. Diet-Beverage Consumption and Caloric Intake Among US Adults, Overall and by Body Weight. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(3):e72. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301556
  • Kızılaslan N. The Relationship Between Sweeteners and Metabolic Diseases. Turk J Agric - Food Sci Technol. 2017;5(2):191-198. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v5i2.191-198.1033
  • Toews I, Lohner S, Gaudry DK de, Sommer H, Meerpohl JJ. Association between intake of non- sugar sweeteners and health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials and observational studies. BMJ. 2019;364. doi:10.1136/bmj.k4718
  • Insights into the molecular mechanisms of diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction: focus on oxidative stress and endothelial progenitor cells | SpringerLink. Accessed July 16, 2021. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12020-015-0709-4
  • Swithers SE. Not-so-healthy sugar substitutes? Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2016;9:106-110. doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.03.003
  • T J, Mf A, S S, et al. Fructose and sugar: A major mediator of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of hepatology. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.019
  • Umpleby AM, Shojaee-Moradie F, Fielding B, et al. Impact of liver fat on the differential partitioning of hepatic triacylglycerol into VLDL subclasses on high and low sugar diets. Clin Sci. 2017;131(21):2561-2573. doi:10.1042/CS2017120
  • Plaza-Diaz J, Pastor-Villaescusa B, RuedaRobles A, Abadia-Molina F, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ. Plausible Biological Interactions of Low- and Non-Calorie Sweeteners with the Intestinal Microbiota: An Update of Recent Studies. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):1153. doi:10.3390/nu12041153
  • Cavagnari BM. Non-caloric sweeteners : specific characteristics and safety assessment. Arch Argent Pediatría 2019 1171. Published online 2019. doi:10.5546/aap.2019.eng.e1
  • Alphan ET. Tatlandırıcı içeren özel beslenme amaçlı gıdalar. Diyabet Yıllığı 2004-2005.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nutrition and Dietetics (Other)
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Özlem Aydın This is me

Başak Öney This is me 0000-0003-2695-6978

Betül Koçak This is me 0000-0003-3664-9066

Publication Date April 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 1 Issue: 3 - February 2022

Cite

Vancouver Aydın Ö, Öney B, Koçak B. DOĞAL VE YAPAY TATLANDIRICILARIN SAĞLIK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ. ATLJM. 2022;1(3):30-9.