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The spatiotemporal analysis of monthly 07.00, 14.00, 21.00 mean thermalcomfort conditions in Turkey (1975-2008)

Year 2013, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 13 - 29, 01.04.2013
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000140

Abstract

The bioclimatic conditions of Turkey have been carried out by the multi linear regression analysis of latitude, elevation and maritime parameters and monthly mean physiologically equivalent temperatures (PET) of 69 stations which has measurements at 07:00, 14.00 and 21.00 LST (local standard time) between 1975 and 2008. PET is one of the thermal comfort indexes which can included the physiological responds of human being into its calculations by air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, cloudiness, solar radiation. In Turkey, in the conditions which the incoming solar energy is high (at 14.00 and/or from May to September) the highest PET values have been calculated at terrestrial lowlands, at the opposite side (07:00, 21.00 and/or from October to April) the highest PET values have been found at maritime parts of the country. Furthermore, as a result it is found that when latitude, elevation and maritime values increase, the PET values of the location decrease. The changing impact of these three parameters controls the daily and monthly bioclimatological conditions of Turkey

References

  • Akman, Y. (1990) İklim ve Biyoiklim: Biyoiklim Metotları ve Türkiye İklimleri, Palme Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers) 55-2004 ASHRAE Standard 55- 2004-Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy.
  • Driscoll, D.M. (1992) “Thermal Comfort Indexes. Current Uses and Abuses”, Nat. Weather Digest, 17, 33-38.
  • Epstein, Y.; Moran, D. S. (2006) “Thermal Comfort and the Heat Stress Indices”, Industrial Health, 44, 388-398.
  • Gagge, A. P.; Stolwijk, J. A. J.; Nishi, Y. (1971) “An Effective Temperature Scale Based on a Simple Model Of Human Physiological Regulatory Response”, ASHRAE Transactions, 77, 247-257.
  • Gates, D., M., (1963) “The energy environment in which we live”, American Scientist, 51, 327-348.
  • Höppe, P. (1999) “The Physiological Equivalent Temperature-A Universal Index For The Biometeorological Assessment Of The Thermal Environment”, International Journal Biometeorology, 43, 71-75.
  • ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 7726 (2002) Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Instruments for measuring physical quantities.
  • Landsberg, H. E. (1972) The Assessment of Human Bioclimate, a Limited Review of Physical Parameters. World Meteorological Organization, Technical Note No. 123, WMO-No. 331, Geneva.
  • Maarouf, A. R.; Munn R.E., (2005) “Bioclimatology”, In Oliver, E. J. (ed), Encyclopedia of World Climatology,., Springer, Dordrecht, 158-165.
  • Matzarakis, A.; Mayer, H. (1996) “Another Kind of Environmental Stress: Thermal Stress”. WHO News, 18, 7-10.
  • Matzarakis A.; Mayer, H.; Iziomon M. G. (1999) “Applications of A Universal Thermal Index: Physiological Equivalent Temperature”, International Journal of Biometeorology, 43, 76-84.
  • Parsons, K. C. (2003) Human Thermal Environments: The Effects Of Hot, Moderate, And Cold Environments On Human Health, Comfort And Performance. Taylor & Francis, London, New York.
  • VDI. (1998) Environmental Meteorology, Methods for The Human Biometeorological Evaluation Of Climate And Air Quality For The Urban And Regional Planning At Regional Level. Part I: Climate, Beuth, Berlin.

Türkiye’de aylık 07.00, 14.00, 21.00 ortalama termal konfor koşullarının zaman-mekânsal analizi (1975-2008)

Year 2013, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 13 - 29, 01.04.2013
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000140

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de termal konfor koşulların yıl içindeki ve gün içindeki değişimi, mekânsal dağılımı 69 istasyondan elde edilen 07:00, 14.00 ve 21.00 ölçümleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Termal konfor koşullarının mekânsal dağılımı fizyolojik eşdeğer sıcaklık dizini değerlerinin (FES) çoklu çizgisel regresyon modeli aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. FES, hava sıcaklığı, nispi nem, rüzgâr, bulutluluk ve solar radyasyon ölçümlerinin kullanımıyla termal algılama değerlerinin santigrat derece cinsinden hesaplanabildiği, insanın fizyolojik özelliklerinin de hesaplamalara dâhil edilebildiği, dünyada yaygın kullanıma sahip bir dizindir. Hesaplamalar sonucunda, Türkiye’de gelen güneş enerjisinin arttığı koşullarda (14.00 ve/veya mayıs-eylül arası dönem) en yüksek FES değerlerinin karasallığın kuvvetli olduğu alçak alanlarda, tersi durumlarda ise (07.00, 21.00 ve/veya ekim-nisan arası), denizelliğin daha baskın olduğu kıyı kuşaklarındaki alçak alanlarda gözlendiği bulunmuştur. Lokasyonların enlem, yükselti ve denizellik özellikleriyle termal algılama değerleri arasında ters orantı olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Enlem, yükselti ve denizellik arttıkça FES değerleri düşmektedir. Bu üç etkinin gün ve yıl içinde şiddetinin değişmesi Türkiye’nin biyoklimatik koşullarını çeşitlendirmektedir

References

  • Akman, Y. (1990) İklim ve Biyoiklim: Biyoiklim Metotları ve Türkiye İklimleri, Palme Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers) 55-2004 ASHRAE Standard 55- 2004-Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy.
  • Driscoll, D.M. (1992) “Thermal Comfort Indexes. Current Uses and Abuses”, Nat. Weather Digest, 17, 33-38.
  • Epstein, Y.; Moran, D. S. (2006) “Thermal Comfort and the Heat Stress Indices”, Industrial Health, 44, 388-398.
  • Gagge, A. P.; Stolwijk, J. A. J.; Nishi, Y. (1971) “An Effective Temperature Scale Based on a Simple Model Of Human Physiological Regulatory Response”, ASHRAE Transactions, 77, 247-257.
  • Gates, D., M., (1963) “The energy environment in which we live”, American Scientist, 51, 327-348.
  • Höppe, P. (1999) “The Physiological Equivalent Temperature-A Universal Index For The Biometeorological Assessment Of The Thermal Environment”, International Journal Biometeorology, 43, 71-75.
  • ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 7726 (2002) Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Instruments for measuring physical quantities.
  • Landsberg, H. E. (1972) The Assessment of Human Bioclimate, a Limited Review of Physical Parameters. World Meteorological Organization, Technical Note No. 123, WMO-No. 331, Geneva.
  • Maarouf, A. R.; Munn R.E., (2005) “Bioclimatology”, In Oliver, E. J. (ed), Encyclopedia of World Climatology,., Springer, Dordrecht, 158-165.
  • Matzarakis, A.; Mayer, H. (1996) “Another Kind of Environmental Stress: Thermal Stress”. WHO News, 18, 7-10.
  • Matzarakis A.; Mayer, H.; Iziomon M. G. (1999) “Applications of A Universal Thermal Index: Physiological Equivalent Temperature”, International Journal of Biometeorology, 43, 76-84.
  • Parsons, K. C. (2003) Human Thermal Environments: The Effects Of Hot, Moderate, And Cold Environments On Human Health, Comfort And Performance. Taylor & Francis, London, New York.
  • VDI. (1998) Environmental Meteorology, Methods for The Human Biometeorological Evaluation Of Climate And Air Quality For The Urban And Regional Planning At Regional Level. Part I: Climate, Beuth, Berlin.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Other ID JA65NC26ZS
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Onur Çalışkan

Necla Türkoğlu This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çalışkan, O., & Türkoğlu, N. (2013). Türkiye’de aylık 07.00, 14.00, 21.00 ortalama termal konfor koşullarının zaman-mekânsal analizi (1975-2008). Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000140