Research Article
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Mathematics, Mathematics Teachers and Students in Math-Related Cartoons

Year 2021, Volume: 54 Issue: 1, 1 - 34, 01.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.30964/auebfd.732238

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate how mathematics, mathematics teachers and students were presented in math-related cartoons. To accomplish this, 75 mathematics cartoons were drawn five websites, some of which were in Turkish and some others were in English. The document analysis method was employed to gather math-related cartoons. The cartoons were organized in a qualitative data analysis software, MAXQDA (VERBI Software, 2018), and examined through content analysis. It involved coding and constructing the categories from these codes. It was found that school mathematics was presented as consisting of just arithmetic calculations and people were shown with a lack of basic math skills needed to use in real-life situations. In addition, there were cartoons that presented teachers keeping direct eye contact with students and struggling students. We also found that students solving math problems were drawn with anxious facial expressions on the cartoons. To sum up, the results of the study indicated that mathematics was presented as making life more difficult, mathematics teachers were oppressive rather than encouraging, and students were anxious in math-related cartoons. Considering the widespread use of cartoons in virtual platforms, the way in which mathematics and math-related issues are presented in the cartoons is important.

References

  • Aydın, S. ve Yeşilyurt, M. (2007). Matematik öğretiminde kullanılan dile ilişkin öğrenci görüşleri. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(22), 90-100. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/esosder/issue/6136/82317 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Baloğlu, M. (2001). Matematik korkusunu yenmek. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 59-76. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285749811_Matematik_korkusunu_yenmek adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Barati, L. (2015). The impact of eye-contact between teacher and student on L2 learning. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research, 2(7), 222-227. Retrieved from http://www.jallr.com/index.php/JALLR/article/view/180/pdf180
  • Berry, J., and Picker, S. H. (2000). Your pupils’ images of mathematicians and mathematics. Mathematics in School, 29(2), 24-26. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/30212098
  • Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. doi: 10.3316/QRJ0902027
  • Cho, H., Osborne, C., and Sanders, T. (2015). Classroom experience about cartooning as assessment in pre-service mathematics content course. Journal of Mathematics Education at Teachers College, 6(1), 45-53. Retrieved from https://journals.library.columbia.edu/index.php/jmetc/article/view/609/55
  • Dabell, J. (2008). Using concept cartoons. Mathematics Teaching Incorporating Micromath, 209, 34-36. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ815105
  • Dabell, J., Keogh, B., and Naylor, S. (2008). Concept cartoons in mathematics education. Sandbach: Millgate House.
  • Ertem-Akbaş, E. (2018). Investigation of causes of mathematics fear and suggestions for solution starting with primary education in terms of teachers’ opinions. International e-Journal of Educational Studies (IEJES), 2(3), 12-25. Retrieved from https://atif.sobiad.com/index.jsp?modul=makale-goruntule&id=AWtbFRkiPvLeFeJ0uSO5
  • Godbey, C. (1997). Mathematics anxiety and the underprepared student (ED426734). ERIC. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED426734.pdf
  • Goodboy, A. K., and Myers, S. A. (2008) The effect of teacher confirmation on student communication and learning outcomes. Communication Education, 57(2), 153-179. doi: 10.1080/03634520701787777
  • Göksu, F. ve Köksal, N. (2016). Doğrular, açılar ve çokgenler konularının kavram karikatür destekli yapılandırmacı öğrenme yaklaşımına göre işlenmesi. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(3), 68-91. doi: 10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.4c3s4m
  • Kemnitz, T.M. (1973). The cartoon as historical resource. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 4(1), 81-93. doi: 10.2307/202359
  • Keogh, B., and Naylor, S. (2000). Teaching and learning in science using concept cartoons: Why Dennis wants to stay in at playtime. Investigating: Australian Primary & Junior Science Journal, 16(3), 10-14. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ635911
  • Kramer, M. W., and Pier, P. M. (1999). Students’ perceptions of effective and ineffective communication by college teachers. Southern Communication Journal, 65(1), 16-33. doi: 10.1080/10417949909373153
  • Lacity, M., and Rudramuniyaiah, P. (2009). Funny business: Public opinion of outsourcing and offshoring as reflected in U.S. and Indian political cartoons. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 24(13), 199-224. doi: 10.17705/1CAIS.02413
  • Lim C. S., and Ernest, P. (1999). Public images of mathematics. Philosophy of Mathematics Education Journal, 11, 43-55. Retrieved from http://socialsciences.exeter.ac.uk/education/research/centres/stem/publications/pmej/pome11/art6.htm
  • Lincoln, Y. S., and Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. London: Sage.
  • Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., and Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Ng, L. J. (2012). Mathematics anxiety in secondary school students. In L. Dindyal, P. Cheng, and S. F. Ng (Eds.), Proceedings of the 35th annual conference of the mathematics education research group of Australasia (pp. 570–577). Singapore: MERGA.
  • Picker, S. H., and Berry, J. S. (2000). Investigating pupils’ images of mathematicians. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 43(1), 65-94. doi: 10.1023/A:1017523230758
  • Sam, L. C., and Ernest, P. (2000). A survey of public images of mathematics. Research in Mathematics Education, 2(1), 193-206. doi: 10.1080/14794800008520076
  • Sancar, M. ve Koparan, T. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin çokgenler konusundaki kavram yanılgılarının giderilmesinde kavram karikatürlerinin etkisinin incelenmesi. Karaelmas Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 101-122. http://ebd.beun.edu.tr/index.php/KEBD/article/view/206/277 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Shodahl, S. A., and Diers, C. (1984). Math anxiety in college students: Sources and solutions. Community College Review, 12(2), 32-36. doi: 10.1177/009155218401200206
  • Şengül, S., and Dereli, M. (2010). Does instruction of “integers” subject with cartoons effect students’ mathematics anxiety? Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 2176-2180. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.302
  • Toh, T. L., Cheng, L. P., Ho, S. Y., Jiang, H., and Lim, K. M. (2017). Use of comics to enhance students’ learning for the development of the twenty-first century competencies in the mathematics classroom. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 37(4), 437-452. doi: 10.1080/02188791.2017.1339344
  • Toluk-Uçar, Z., Pişkin, M., Akkaş, E. ve Taşçı, D. (2010). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin matematik, matematik öğretmenleri ve matematikçiler hakkındaki inançları. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(155). 131-144. http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/568 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Trance, N. J. C., Marapo, R. B., and Pornel, J. B. (2012). Students’ visual representation of mathematics. Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education, 32(8), 1318-1332. doi: 10.14697/JKASE.2012.32.8.1318
  • Uğurel, İ., Kesgin, Ş. ve Karahan, Ö. (2013). Matematik derslerinde yararlanılabilecek alternatif bir öğrenme ve değerlendirme aracı: Kavram karikatürü. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2), 313-337. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/53333 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • VERBI Software. (2018). MAXQDA 2018 Online manual. Retrieved from https://www.maxqda.com/help-max18/welcome
  • Vílchez-González, J. M., and Palacios, F. J. P. (2006). Image of science in cartoons and its relationship with the image in comics. Physics Education, 41(3), 240-249. doi: 10.1088/0031-9120/41/3/006
  • Walls, R. T., Nardi, A. H., von Minden, A. M., and Hoffman, N. (2002). The characteristics of effective and ineffective teachers. Teacher Education Quarterly, 29(1), 39-48. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/23478326
  • Warburton, T. (1998). Cartoons and teachers: Mediated visual ımages as data. In J. Prosser, (Ed.), Image-based research (pp. 235-254). London: Falmer Press.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (9. baskı). Ankara: Seçkin.

Karikatürlerdeki Matematik, Matematik Öğretmenleri ve Öğrenciler

Year 2021, Volume: 54 Issue: 1, 1 - 34, 01.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.30964/auebfd.732238

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, matematiğin, matematik öğretmenlerinin ve öğrencilerin matematik içerikli karikatürlerde nasıl yansıtıldığının ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda belirlenmiş olan İngilizce ve Türkçe içeriğe sahip beş internet sitesinden 75 farklı matematik karikatürü nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman analizi yöntemi ile çekilmiş ve incelenmiştir. Ulaşılan karikatürlerin düzenlenmesi ve içerik analizi süreçleri nitel veri analiz programı olan MAXQDA (VERBI Software, 2018) yazılımında yapılmıştır. İçerik analizi sürecinde karikatürler kodlanmış ve oluşturulan kodlardan kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları, okuldaki matematiğin sadece aritmetik işlemlerden ibaret olarak karikatürlere yansıdığını göstermektedir. Günlük yaşamda kullanılan matematik için ise bireylerin bilgilerinin yetersiz olduğunu gösteren karikatürlere rastlanmıştır. Buna ek olarak, analiz edilen karikatürlerde öğretmenler çoğunlukla öğrenciyle doğrudan göz teması kuran ve onları zorlayan konumda yer almaktadır. Matematik problemleri çözerken öğrencilerin endişeli yüz ifadeleri ile resmedildikleri görülmüştür. Genel olarak çalışmanın bulguları, (a) matematiğin yaşamı zorlaştırıcı; (b) matematik öğretmenlerinin öğrencileri özendirici değil baskılayıcı; (c) öğrencilerin ise matematik problemlerinden dolayı endişeli olarak karikatürlere yansıdığını göstermiştir. Karikatürlerin görsel medyada ve sosyal medyada yaygın kullanımı düşünüldüğünde, matematik içerikli karikatürlerde matematiğin ve onunla ilişkili diğer öğelerin nasıl sunulduğu önemlidir ve bu öğelerin olumlu tavır ve değerlerle sunumu önerilmektedir.

References

  • Aydın, S. ve Yeşilyurt, M. (2007). Matematik öğretiminde kullanılan dile ilişkin öğrenci görüşleri. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(22), 90-100. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/esosder/issue/6136/82317 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Baloğlu, M. (2001). Matematik korkusunu yenmek. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 59-76. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285749811_Matematik_korkusunu_yenmek adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Barati, L. (2015). The impact of eye-contact between teacher and student on L2 learning. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research, 2(7), 222-227. Retrieved from http://www.jallr.com/index.php/JALLR/article/view/180/pdf180
  • Berry, J., and Picker, S. H. (2000). Your pupils’ images of mathematicians and mathematics. Mathematics in School, 29(2), 24-26. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/30212098
  • Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. doi: 10.3316/QRJ0902027
  • Cho, H., Osborne, C., and Sanders, T. (2015). Classroom experience about cartooning as assessment in pre-service mathematics content course. Journal of Mathematics Education at Teachers College, 6(1), 45-53. Retrieved from https://journals.library.columbia.edu/index.php/jmetc/article/view/609/55
  • Dabell, J. (2008). Using concept cartoons. Mathematics Teaching Incorporating Micromath, 209, 34-36. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ815105
  • Dabell, J., Keogh, B., and Naylor, S. (2008). Concept cartoons in mathematics education. Sandbach: Millgate House.
  • Ertem-Akbaş, E. (2018). Investigation of causes of mathematics fear and suggestions for solution starting with primary education in terms of teachers’ opinions. International e-Journal of Educational Studies (IEJES), 2(3), 12-25. Retrieved from https://atif.sobiad.com/index.jsp?modul=makale-goruntule&id=AWtbFRkiPvLeFeJ0uSO5
  • Godbey, C. (1997). Mathematics anxiety and the underprepared student (ED426734). ERIC. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED426734.pdf
  • Goodboy, A. K., and Myers, S. A. (2008) The effect of teacher confirmation on student communication and learning outcomes. Communication Education, 57(2), 153-179. doi: 10.1080/03634520701787777
  • Göksu, F. ve Köksal, N. (2016). Doğrular, açılar ve çokgenler konularının kavram karikatür destekli yapılandırmacı öğrenme yaklaşımına göre işlenmesi. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(3), 68-91. doi: 10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.4c3s4m
  • Kemnitz, T.M. (1973). The cartoon as historical resource. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 4(1), 81-93. doi: 10.2307/202359
  • Keogh, B., and Naylor, S. (2000). Teaching and learning in science using concept cartoons: Why Dennis wants to stay in at playtime. Investigating: Australian Primary & Junior Science Journal, 16(3), 10-14. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ635911
  • Kramer, M. W., and Pier, P. M. (1999). Students’ perceptions of effective and ineffective communication by college teachers. Southern Communication Journal, 65(1), 16-33. doi: 10.1080/10417949909373153
  • Lacity, M., and Rudramuniyaiah, P. (2009). Funny business: Public opinion of outsourcing and offshoring as reflected in U.S. and Indian political cartoons. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 24(13), 199-224. doi: 10.17705/1CAIS.02413
  • Lim C. S., and Ernest, P. (1999). Public images of mathematics. Philosophy of Mathematics Education Journal, 11, 43-55. Retrieved from http://socialsciences.exeter.ac.uk/education/research/centres/stem/publications/pmej/pome11/art6.htm
  • Lincoln, Y. S., and Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. London: Sage.
  • Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., and Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Ng, L. J. (2012). Mathematics anxiety in secondary school students. In L. Dindyal, P. Cheng, and S. F. Ng (Eds.), Proceedings of the 35th annual conference of the mathematics education research group of Australasia (pp. 570–577). Singapore: MERGA.
  • Picker, S. H., and Berry, J. S. (2000). Investigating pupils’ images of mathematicians. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 43(1), 65-94. doi: 10.1023/A:1017523230758
  • Sam, L. C., and Ernest, P. (2000). A survey of public images of mathematics. Research in Mathematics Education, 2(1), 193-206. doi: 10.1080/14794800008520076
  • Sancar, M. ve Koparan, T. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin çokgenler konusundaki kavram yanılgılarının giderilmesinde kavram karikatürlerinin etkisinin incelenmesi. Karaelmas Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 101-122. http://ebd.beun.edu.tr/index.php/KEBD/article/view/206/277 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Shodahl, S. A., and Diers, C. (1984). Math anxiety in college students: Sources and solutions. Community College Review, 12(2), 32-36. doi: 10.1177/009155218401200206
  • Şengül, S., and Dereli, M. (2010). Does instruction of “integers” subject with cartoons effect students’ mathematics anxiety? Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 2176-2180. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.302
  • Toh, T. L., Cheng, L. P., Ho, S. Y., Jiang, H., and Lim, K. M. (2017). Use of comics to enhance students’ learning for the development of the twenty-first century competencies in the mathematics classroom. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 37(4), 437-452. doi: 10.1080/02188791.2017.1339344
  • Toluk-Uçar, Z., Pişkin, M., Akkaş, E. ve Taşçı, D. (2010). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin matematik, matematik öğretmenleri ve matematikçiler hakkındaki inançları. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(155). 131-144. http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/568 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Trance, N. J. C., Marapo, R. B., and Pornel, J. B. (2012). Students’ visual representation of mathematics. Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education, 32(8), 1318-1332. doi: 10.14697/JKASE.2012.32.8.1318
  • Uğurel, İ., Kesgin, Ş. ve Karahan, Ö. (2013). Matematik derslerinde yararlanılabilecek alternatif bir öğrenme ve değerlendirme aracı: Kavram karikatürü. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2), 313-337. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/53333 adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • VERBI Software. (2018). MAXQDA 2018 Online manual. Retrieved from https://www.maxqda.com/help-max18/welcome
  • Vílchez-González, J. M., and Palacios, F. J. P. (2006). Image of science in cartoons and its relationship with the image in comics. Physics Education, 41(3), 240-249. doi: 10.1088/0031-9120/41/3/006
  • Walls, R. T., Nardi, A. H., von Minden, A. M., and Hoffman, N. (2002). The characteristics of effective and ineffective teachers. Teacher Education Quarterly, 29(1), 39-48. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/23478326
  • Warburton, T. (1998). Cartoons and teachers: Mediated visual ımages as data. In J. Prosser, (Ed.), Image-based research (pp. 235-254). London: Falmer Press.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (9. baskı). Ankara: Seçkin.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Habibe Toker 0000-0003-1246-6628

Şerife Sevinç 0000-0002-4561-9742

Publication Date April 1, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 54 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Toker, H., & Sevinç, Ş. (2021). Karikatürlerdeki Matematik, Matematik Öğretmenleri ve Öğrenciler. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES), 54(1), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.30964/auebfd.732238
Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (AUJFES) is a formal journal of Ankara University.

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