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Plotinus: On the Unity and Simplicity of God

Year 2010, Volume: 51 Issue: 1, 59 - 78, 01.04.2010
https://doi.org/10.1501/Ilhfak_0000001014

Abstract

The questions as regards to the divine nature have traditionally been as much significant as the existence of God and thus, in the philosophical theology, it has been a matter of serious debate whether God has a nature distinct from his bare existence or has properties distinct from his bare self. At the bedrock of the traditional idea that God does not own a nature other than his existence or that he has no properties distinct from his bare self is the intuition of the divine simplicity which can be said to have much indebted to Plotinus’s doctrine of the One. In this article, I give a descriptive as well as a critical account of Plotinus’s view of the One, which has been a major source of inspiration for the doctrine of divine simplicity developed in different theistic traditions. Thus I address some ontological, epistemological and semantic problems generated by the idea of God conceived as ‘simple’. The article also provides a brief assessment of the question as to whether a Plotinian understanding of the One can be defended in conjunction with a theistic idea of God

References

  • Armstrong, A. H, “Plotinus and India,” The Classical Quarterly, 30: 1 (1936).
  • Arp, Robert, “Plotinus, Mysticism, and Mediation,” Religious Studies 40 (2004).
  • Bréhier, Emile, The Philosophy of Plotinus, İng. terc. Joseph Thomas, (Chicago: The Univer- sity of Chicago Press, 1958).
  • Bussanich, John, “Plotinus’s Metaphysics of the One,” The Cambridge Companion to Plotinus, ed. Lloyd P. Gerson, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
  • Clark, Stephen, R. L., “What has Plotinus’ One to do with God?,” Philosophers and God: At the Frontiers of Faith and Reason, ed. J. Cornwell and M. McGhee, ( London: Continuum, 2009).
  • Corrigan, Kevin, A Practical Introduction to Neoplatonism, (West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press, 2005).
  • Dodds, E. R, “The Parmenides of Plato and the Origin of the Neoplatonic ‘One’,” The Classical Quarterly, 22:3/4 (1928).
  • Emilsson, Eyj’olfur K, Plotinus on Intellect, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007).
  • Gerson, Lloyd P, God and Greek Philosophy: Studies in the Early History of Natural Theology, (London: Routledge, 1990).
  • Gordon, Cyrus H, “His Name is ‘One’,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 29:3 (1970).
  • Katz, Joseph, “Plotinus and the Gnostics”, Journal of the History of Ideas, 15:2 (1954).
  • Korlaelçi, Murteza, “Plotinus’un Sudûr Anlayışı ile İbn Sînâ’nın Sudûr Anlayışının Mukaye- sesi,” Uluslararası İbn Sînâ Sempozyumu: Bildiriler, (İstanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür A.Ş. Yayınları, 2008).
  • Mortley, Raoul, “Negative Theology and Abstraction in Plotinus,” The American Journal of Philology, 96:4 (1975).
  • O’Meara, Dominic J., Plotinus: An Introduction to Enneads, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993).
  • Plantinga, Alvin, Does God Have a Nature?, (Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 1980).
  • Plotinus [Enneads], Plotinus, 7 Cilt, İng. terc. A. H. Armstrong, (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988).
  • Reçber, Mehmet Sait, “Farabi ve Tanrı’nın Basitliği Meselesi,” Uluslararası Fârâbî Sempozyu- mu Bildirileri, (Ankara: Elis, 2005).
  • _____,“Vâcib’ül-Vucûd’un Mâhiyeti Meselesi,” Uluslararası İbn Sinâ Sempozyumu: Bildiriler (İstanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Kültür A.Ş. Yayınları, 2008).
  • Remes, Pauliina. Plotinus on Self: The Philosophy of ‘We’, (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007).
  • Rist, John M., “Monism: Plotinus and Some Predecessors,” Harvard Studies in Classical Phi- lology, c. 69 (1965).
  • Wolfson, Harry A., “The Knowability and Describability of God in Plato and Aristotle,” Har- vard Studies in Classical Philology, c. 56 (1947).

Plotinus: Tanrı’nın Birliği ve Basitliği Üzerine

Year 2010, Volume: 51 Issue: 1, 59 - 78, 01.04.2010
https://doi.org/10.1501/Ilhfak_0000001014

Abstract

Tanrı’nın tabiatına ilişkin sorular geleneksel olarak hem felsefede hem de teolojide O’nun varlığı kadar önemli bir ilgiye ve tartışmaya konu olmuştur. Felsefî teolojide Tanrı’nın (salt) varlığından ayrı bir mahiyete veya (salt) zatından ayrı sıfatlara sahip olup olmadığı ciddi bir tartışmaya ve ayrışmaya neden olmuştur. Tanrı’nın varlığından ayrı bir mahiyetinin olmadığı veya onun zatından ayrı sıfatlara sahip olmadığı iddia- sının temelinde İlâhî basitlik düşüncesinin bulunduğu ve bu düşüncenin Plotinus’un Bir hakkındaki sezgilerine çok şey borçlu olduğu söylenebilir. Bu makalede Tanrı’nın basitliği öğretisinin farklı teist geleneklerdeki gelişiminde önemli bir ilham kaynağı olduğu söylenebilecek Plotinus’un Bir’e ilişkin görüşleri hem betimleyici hem de eleş- tirel açıdan ele alınmaktadır. Bu çerçevede Tanrı’nın ‘basit’ olarak tasavvur edilme- si çabasının doğurduğu bazı ontolojik, epistemolojik ve semantik meseleler üzerinde durulmaktadır. Ayrıca Plotinus’un Bir’e ilişkin öğretisinin teist bir Tanrı tasavvuruyla bağdaşıp bağdaşmadığına dair kısa bir değerlendirme sunulmaktadır

References

  • Armstrong, A. H, “Plotinus and India,” The Classical Quarterly, 30: 1 (1936).
  • Arp, Robert, “Plotinus, Mysticism, and Mediation,” Religious Studies 40 (2004).
  • Bréhier, Emile, The Philosophy of Plotinus, İng. terc. Joseph Thomas, (Chicago: The Univer- sity of Chicago Press, 1958).
  • Bussanich, John, “Plotinus’s Metaphysics of the One,” The Cambridge Companion to Plotinus, ed. Lloyd P. Gerson, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
  • Clark, Stephen, R. L., “What has Plotinus’ One to do with God?,” Philosophers and God: At the Frontiers of Faith and Reason, ed. J. Cornwell and M. McGhee, ( London: Continuum, 2009).
  • Corrigan, Kevin, A Practical Introduction to Neoplatonism, (West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press, 2005).
  • Dodds, E. R, “The Parmenides of Plato and the Origin of the Neoplatonic ‘One’,” The Classical Quarterly, 22:3/4 (1928).
  • Emilsson, Eyj’olfur K, Plotinus on Intellect, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007).
  • Gerson, Lloyd P, God and Greek Philosophy: Studies in the Early History of Natural Theology, (London: Routledge, 1990).
  • Gordon, Cyrus H, “His Name is ‘One’,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 29:3 (1970).
  • Katz, Joseph, “Plotinus and the Gnostics”, Journal of the History of Ideas, 15:2 (1954).
  • Korlaelçi, Murteza, “Plotinus’un Sudûr Anlayışı ile İbn Sînâ’nın Sudûr Anlayışının Mukaye- sesi,” Uluslararası İbn Sînâ Sempozyumu: Bildiriler, (İstanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür A.Ş. Yayınları, 2008).
  • Mortley, Raoul, “Negative Theology and Abstraction in Plotinus,” The American Journal of Philology, 96:4 (1975).
  • O’Meara, Dominic J., Plotinus: An Introduction to Enneads, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993).
  • Plantinga, Alvin, Does God Have a Nature?, (Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 1980).
  • Plotinus [Enneads], Plotinus, 7 Cilt, İng. terc. A. H. Armstrong, (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988).
  • Reçber, Mehmet Sait, “Farabi ve Tanrı’nın Basitliği Meselesi,” Uluslararası Fârâbî Sempozyu- mu Bildirileri, (Ankara: Elis, 2005).
  • _____,“Vâcib’ül-Vucûd’un Mâhiyeti Meselesi,” Uluslararası İbn Sinâ Sempozyumu: Bildiriler (İstanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Kültür A.Ş. Yayınları, 2008).
  • Remes, Pauliina. Plotinus on Self: The Philosophy of ‘We’, (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007).
  • Rist, John M., “Monism: Plotinus and Some Predecessors,” Harvard Studies in Classical Phi- lology, c. 69 (1965).
  • Wolfson, Harry A., “The Knowability and Describability of God in Plato and Aristotle,” Har- vard Studies in Classical Philology, c. 56 (1947).
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA92FA53EZ
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mehmet Sait Reçber This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 51 Issue: 1

Cite

Chicago Reçber, Mehmet Sait. “Plotinus: Tanrı’nın Birliği Ve Basitliği Üzerine”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 51, no. 1 (April 2010): 59-78. https://doi.org/10.1501/Ilhfak_0000001014.