Uluslararası Şirketlerin Tanınmayan Ülkelerde Yayılması: Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Örneği

Abstract

Bu makalede uluslararası şirketlerin (UŞ) Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’ndeki (KKTC) varlıkları ve genişlemeleri, ambargolar ve tanınmamışlık bağlamlarında araştırılmıştır. Bu yolla, uluslararası şirketlerin faaliyet alanlarını dünya çapındaki olağan dışı politik durumlar karşısında kullandıkları genişleme mekanizmalarının daha iyi anlaşılması sağlanacaktır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmamızın temel araştırma soruları şu şekildedir: “Tanınmayan bir devlet olan KKTC’de uluslararası şirketlerin var olmasının ve yayılmasının dinamikleri nelerdir?” ve “uluslararası şirketler KKTC pazarında var olma, gelişme, faaliyet gösterme ve sermayelerini genişletme süreçlerini ne şekilde, hangi araçlar ve mekanizmaları kullanarak yürütmektedirler?”. Buna istinaden, uluslararası şirketlerin KKTC’de faaliyet gösterdikleri süre içerisinde kullandıkları yöntemler, araçlar ve işlettikleri süreçlere ek olarak “yasa dışılık” riskine rağmen KKTC’de yatırım yapmalarının arkasındaki dinamikler ve itici güçler bir saha çalışması yürütülerek incelenmiştir. Bu saha çalışması, on üç farklı uluslararası şirketin KKTC’de faaliyet gösteren on üç kuruluşunun temsilcileri olan dokuz adet katılımcıdan oluşan örneklem ile gerçekleştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine mülakatların ışığında yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın neticesinde elde edilen bulgular uluslararası şirketlerin KKTC’deki yatırımlarını alışılmadık araç ve yöntemler kullanarak genişlettikleri ve bu yolla yasal bir zemine oturttukları gözler önüne serilmektedir.

Keywords

• Kuzey Kıbrıs
• Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti
• Sözde-Devletler
• Tanınmayan Devletler
• Uluslararası Şirketler
• Pazara Giriş Stratejileri
• Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım

Expansion of Multinational Corporations in de-facto States: The Case of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Abstract

This article studies the dynamics of the existence and expansion of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) in the North Cyprus (Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, or the TRNC) within the context of embargoes and non-recognition in the international area. Therefore, we try to offer a better understanding on what mechanisms the MNCs use to expand their operations all over the world against extraordinary political situations. In this regard, the main research questions of this study are: ‘What are the dynamics of the existence and expansion of MNCs in the TRNC as an unrecognized state?’ and ‘How, and by using which tools and mechanisms do the MNCs exist, evolve, operate, and expand their capital in the TRNC market?’ Therefore, the mechanisms, tools, and processes used by the MNCs in their operating processes within the TRNC, and the dynamics and the forces behind investing in the TRNC despite the risks of illegality were investigated by conducting a field study. The field study was conducted through semi-structured in-depth interviews with nine participants who represented thirteen establishments of thirteen different MNCs operating in the TRNC. The findings of this research show that the MNCs use extraordinary tools and mechanisms in order to expand and legalize their investments in the TRNC.

Keywords

• Northern Cyprus
• Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
• de-Facto States
• Unrecognized States
• Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
• Market Entry Strategies
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

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