Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramlarında Sentez Metodu: Avrupa Birliği'nin Doğu Genişlemesi ve Türkiye

Abstract

Uluslararası ilişkiler alanında açıklayıcı kuramlar genelde pozitivist varsayımlara dayanmaktadır. Buna karşın, sosyal inşaacı yaklaşımlar hiçbir kuramın pozitivist epistemolojide bir gereklilik olarak görülen bilimsel kanunlardan tümdengelim ile açıklama yapma kriterlerini karşılayamadığını öne sürmektedir. Schimmelfennig ve Checkel araştırmacının daha fazla gözlemlenebilir etkeni değerlendirebilmesi için farklı epistemolojiye sahip kuramların sentezinden faydalanması gerektiğini iddia etmektedir. Rasyonel seçim kurumsalcılığı ve sosyal inşaacılık ile kıyaslandığında, Schimmelfennig’in retoriksel eylem kuramının Avrupa Birliği’nin Doğu genişlemesi sürecinin tamamını açıklayabildiği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle retoriksel eylem kuramı Türkiye’nin Avrupa Birliği’ne katılım sürecine ışık tutma potansiyeline sahiptir.

Keywords

• Araştırma metodu
• rasyonel seçim kurumsalcılığı
• sosyal inşaacılık
• AB genişlemesi
• retoriksel eylem

Synthesis Method in Theories of International Relations: European Union Eastern Enlargement and Turkey

Abstract

It is widely accepted in International Relations that explanatory theories are based on positivist assumptions. Contrarily, Social Constructivist approaches propose that no theory can carry the nomothetic deductive criteria required by Positivist epistemology. Schimmelfennig ve Checkel argue that in order to test more observable factors, the researcher needs to use a synthesis of different theories with different epistemologies. Compared to Rational Choice Institutionalism and Social Constructivism, Schimmelfennig’s Rhetorical Action Theory provides us with the most thorough explanation of the European Union Eastern enlargement process, having the potential of shedding a light on accession process of Turkey to the European Union.

Keywords

• Research method
• rational choice institutionalism
• social constructivism
• EU enlargement
• rhetorical action

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