Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Roy Bhaskar tarafından, “ontolojik realizm, epistemolojik görecelilik, yargısal rasyonellik” üçlüsünü biraraya getirmekle tanımlanan ve “Marksizme bir katkı” sağlamayı hedefleyen eleştirel gerçekçilik yaklaşımını değerlendirme çabasıdır. Bu amaçla, eleştirel gerçekçiliğin ontolojik ve epistemolojik ilkeleri, bu ilkelerin hangi pozisyonlara karşı geliştirildiğine de değinecek biçimde ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada, eleştirel gerçekçiliğin taşıdığı sınırlılıklar ve açtığı olanaklar, kimi diğer düşünürlere referansla eleştirel bir değerlendirmeye tâbi tutulmaktadır. Toplumsal bir aktivite olarak bilgiye atfedilen role ve bilim-etik-özgürleşme üçgenine dair eleştirel gerçekçiliğin doğurduğu soru(n)lara değinerek çalışma sonlanmaktadır.

Keywords

• Eleştirel Gerçekçilik
• bilim felsefesi
• ontolojik realizm
• epistemolojik görececilik
• yargısal rasyonellik

On Critical Realism

Abstract

This article is an attempt to evaluate critical realism which is defined through the compatibility of “ontological realism, epistemological relativism, judgmental rationality” and suggested as “a contribution to Marxism” by Roy Bhaskar. For that purpose, this article examines the ontological and epistemological principles of critical realism, together with the various positions against which those principles have been built up. Beside that, in this work the limits and possibilities that critical realism bears are subjected to a critical evaluation by reference to some other theoreticians. The article concludes with some remarks on the questions and problems that critical realism gives birth, especially at issue of understanding knowledge as a social activity as well as the relationship among the science, ethics and human emancipation.

Keywords

• Critical Realism
• philosophy of science
• ontological realism
• epistemological relativism
• judgmental rationality

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