Referandumla Ayrılma Konusunda Yüksek Mahkemenin Tutumu: Kanada-Quebec Örneği

Abstract

Keywords

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REFERANDUMLA AYRILMA KONUSUNDA YÜKSEK MAHKEMENİN TUTUMU: KANADA-QUEBEC ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

Kanada federal hükümeti, Kanada Yüksek Mahkemesine Quebec’in Ayrılma Referansı ile ilgili üç soru yöneltmiştir: “İlk olarak, Kanada anayasası altında, Quebec Ulusal Meclisi, yasaması ya da hükümeti tek taraflı olarak Quebec’in Kanada’dan ayrılmasını tatbik edebilir mi? İkincisi, Uluslararası hukuk, Quebec Ulusal Meclisine, yasamasına ya da hükümetine tek taraflı olarak Quebec’in Kanada’dan ayrılmasını tatbik etme hakkını verir mi? Bu bakımdan, uluslararası hukukta Quebec Ulusal Meclisine, yasamasına ya da hükümetine tek taraflı olarak Quebec’in Kanada’dan ayrılması hakkını veren kendi kaderini tayin hakkı var mıdır? Üçüncü olarak, Quebec Ulusal Meclisine, yasamasına ya da hükümetine tek taraflı olarak Quebec’in Kanada’dan ayrılmasını tatbik etme hakkı üzerine yerel ve uluslararası hukuk arasında bir ihtilaf olması durumunda hangisi Kanada’da örnek olarak yer alacaktır?” Quebec’in tek taraflı olarak bağımsızlığını ilan edip edemeyeceği sorusuna karşın, Yüksek Mahkeme, Ayrılma Referansında oybirliğiyle, bu tür bir deklarasyonun hem Kanada anayasa hukukunca hem de uluslararası hukukça yasal olmadığını bildirmiştir. Ancak, anayasal bir değişiklik durumunda böyle bir ayrılmanın mümkün olabileceği sonucuna varmıştır.

Keywords

• Ayrılma, yüksek mahkeme, müzakere, anayasa, referandum

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