The Relationship between Research and Development (R&D) Expenditures: Panel Cointegration Analysis Under Cross Sectional Dependency on OECD Countries

Abstract

In this study, the effects of R&D expenditures on economic growth in the sample of 21 OECD countries were analyzed with the help of production function by using the data between 1996 and 2011 period. Besides the R&D expenditures, fixed capital formation and labour force growth variables were also utilized in the study. In the analysis, new generation panel data methods considering the cross sectional dependency, which assumes that a shock happening in one of the analyzed countries would affect the other one, was used. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the increase in R&D expenditures strongly affected the economic growth and this effect was higher than the fixed capital formation and labour force growth and 1 unit of increase in R&D expenditures increased the economic growth 3.4 unit. It was found out that fixed capital formation and labour force growth variables also affected the economic growth positively and 1 unit of increase in these variables increased the economic growth 0.21 and 0.20 unit, respectively

Keywords

• Research and Development
• Economic Growth
• Cross Sectional Dependency
• Panel Cointegration
• OECD

AR-GE Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Yatay Kesit Bağımlılığı Altında Panel Eşbütünleşme Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Ar-Ge harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkileri üretim fonksiyonu yardımıyla 21 OECD ülkesi örneğinde 1996-2011 dönemi verileri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Ar-Ge harcamalarının yanı sıra, sabit sermaye oluşumu ve işgücü artış oranı değişkenleri de kullanılmıştır. Analizde yatay kesit bağımlılığını, yani incelenen ülkelerden herhangi birisinde meydana gelen bir şokun diğerlerini de etkileyeceği varsayımını göz önünde bulunduran yeni nesil panel veri yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda; Ar-Ge harcamalarındaki artışın ekonomik büyümeyi güçlü bir şekilde etkilediği, bu etkinin sabit sermaye oluşumu ve işgücü artış oranından daha yüksek olduğu ve Ar-Ge harcamalarındaki bir birimlik artışın ekonomik büyümeyi 3.4 birim arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Sabit sermaye oluşumu ve işgücü artış oranı değişkenlerinin de ekonomik büyüme olumlu etkilediği ve bu değişkenlerdeki 1 birimlik artışın büyümeyi sırasıyla 0.21 ve 0.20 birim arttırdığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

• Ar-Ge
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Yatay Kesit Bağımlılığı
• Panel Eşbütünleşme
• OECD

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