Abstract
Liberal demokrasinin meşruiyet krizi, AB nezdinde Anayasa tartışmalarında ve neoliberal ekonomik
sisteme gösterilen dirençler noktasında yeniden canlanmaktadır. Toplumsal hareketlerin kurucu gücü burada
belirmektedir. Hareketlerin kurduğu yeni taban birlikleri, Avrupa’yı farklı bir birlik olarak tasavvur
etmektedir. Bu çalışmada 2012’den bu yana Avrupalı toplumsal hareketlerin oluşturdukları yapılar ve
bunların eylemlerine değinilecektir. Avrupa’nın krizine ekonomik uzmanların ürettiği teknik cevapların
ötesinde yeniden siyasal tartışmaları yükseltebilmek adına hareketlerin kurduğu taban mücadelelerini
anlamak hedeflenmektedir. Bu birliktelikler, demokrasi tartışmasını yeniden kurgular ve Avrupa’da halkların
siyasal birliğinin kurulması yönündeki uzun vadeli çabanın son örnekleridir. Hareketlerin açtığı siyasal
tartışmalar, yerleşik siyasetin sınırlarını zorlarken sıradan insanın doğrudan katılımı ve kendi sözünü
söylemesi için yeni alanlar yaratmaktadır.
Keywords
Toplumsal Hareketler Taban Eylemleri Avrupa Siyaseti Protesto ve Toplumsal Değişim Blockupy
References
- Arrighi, G.; Wallerstein, I. ve Hopkins T. K. (2004), Sistem Karşıtı Hareketler, (İstanbul: Metis) (Çev. C. Kanat, B.Somay, C.Sökmen).
- ATTAC (2012), Kimin Avrupası? Halkın Avrupası ile Şirketlerin Avrupası Arasında (İstanbul:Metis). (Çev.: Deniz Banoğlu).
- Crespy, A. (2014), “Deliberative Democracy and the Legitimacy of the European Union: A Reappraisal of Conflict”, Political Studies, Vol 62(S1), 81–98.
- Çelebi, Aykut (2002) Avrupa: Halkların Siyasal Birliği, (İstanbul:Metis).
- De Sio, L,; Emanuele, V.; Magini, N. (ed.) (2014), The European Parliament Elections of 2014, CISE, http.://cise.luiss.it
- Della Porta, D. (2011), “The Road to Europe: movements and Democracy”, https://www.opendemocracy.net/donatella-della-porta/road-to-europe-movements-anddemocracy, Erişim: 01.11.2014
- Della Porta, D. ve Caiani, M. (2009), Social Movements and Europanization, (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- Douzinas, C. (2014), “From Greece to Ukraine: Welcome to New Age of Resistance”, http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/mar/04/greece-ukraine-welcome-newage-resistance, Erişim: 01.11.2014
- Eriksen, E. O. ve Fossum, J. E. (2002) ,“Democracy Through Strong Publics in the European Union?”, JCMS, Vol. 40, Number. 3:401-424.
- Eriksen, E. O. ve Fossum, J. E. (2000), “Post-National Integration”, Erik Oddvar Eriksen, John Erik Fossum (Ed.), Democracy in the European Union: Integration Through Deliberation?
- Jaeger, Hans-Martin (2007), “ „Global Civil Society‟ and the Political Depoliticization of Global Governance”, International Political Sociology, Vol. 1: 257–277.
- Johnston, H.; Larana, E. ve Gusfield, J. (1994), “Identities, Grievances and New Social Movements”, Enrique Laraña, Hank Johnston, Joseph R. Gusfield (ed.), New Social Movements: From Ideology to Identity (Philedelphia: Temple University).
- Kaldor, M. ve Selchow S. (2013) “The „Bubbling Up‟ of Subterranean Politics in Europe”, Journal of Civil Society, 9:1, 78-99, DOI: 10.1080/17448689.2013.784501
- Kalouche, F ve Mielants, E (2008). Dünya Sisteminin ve Sistem Karşıtı Hareketlerin Dönüşümü: 1968-2005. İçinde: Toplumsal Hareketler 1750-2008 Dipten Gelen Dalgalar, (koor.) William g. Martin, (çev.) Deniz Keskin, İstanbul: Versus.
- Kastoryano, R., (2006) “Europe: Space, Territory And Identity”, Janet Laible and Henri J. Barkey (ed.), European Responses to Globalization: Resistance, Adaptation and Alternatives, (New York: JAI): 93-111.
- Macartney, H. (2014), “The paradox of Integration? European Democracy and the Debt Crisis”, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2013.819836
- Mathews, A. (2007), Struggling for a Social Europe: Neoliberal Globalization and the Birth of European social Movement, (Hampshire: Ashgate Pub.)
- Monforte, P. (2014), “The Cognitive Dimension of Social Movements' Europeanization Processes: The Case of the Protests against „Fortress Europe‟ ”, Perspectives on European Politics and Society, 15:1, 120-137, DOI: 10.1080/15705854.2013.87325
- Offe, C. (1985), “New Social Movements: Challenging the Boundaries of Institutional Politics” Social Research, 52(4):817-868
- Ranciere, J. (1999), Disagreement, (trans. Julie Rose) (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press).
- Ranciere, J. (2007), Siyasalın Kıyısında, (İstanbul: Metis) (Çev. Aziz Ufuk Kılıç).
- Ranciere, J. (2009), Hatred of Democracy (London: Verso).
- Ruzza, C. (2004), Europe and Civil Society: Movement Coalitions and European Governance, (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
- Schmidt, Vivien A. (2013) “Democracy and Legitimacy in the European Union Revisited: Input, Output and „Throughput‟”, Political Studies, Vol 61, 2–22.
- Scott, A. (1990), Ideology and the New Social Movements (London: Routledge).
- Tarrow, S. (2001), “Contentious Politics in a Composite Polity”, Douglas R. Imig, Sidney G. Tarrow (ed.), Contentious Europeans: Protest and Politics in an Emerging Polity, (Maryland: Rowman&Littlefield Pub.): 233-251.
- Tilly C., Tarrow S. (2007) Contentious Politics (Colorado: Paradigm).
- Tilly, C. (2008), Toplumsal Hareketler 1786-2004, (İstanbul: Babil) (Çev. Orhan Düz).
- Touraine, A. (1985), “An Introduction to the Study of Social Movements”, Social Research, 52 (4), 749-786.
- Touraine, A. (1999), “Toplumsaldan Toplumsal Harekete”, Kenan Çayır (yay. haz.), Yeni Sosyal Hareketler, (İstanbul: Kaknüs): 35-52.
- Wallerstein, I. (2009), Bildiğimiz Dünyanın Sonu: Yirmibirinci Yüzyıl İçin Sosyal Bilim (İstanbul: Metis) (Çev. Tuncay Birkan).
- Warren, Mark E. (1999), “What is Political?”, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 11(2): 207-231
- Yıldırım, Y. (2013), Sosyal Forum’dan Öfkeliler’e, (İstanbul: İletişim).
Abstract
The legitimation crises of liberal democracies have been reviving in the debates of EU Constitution and the resistances to neoliberal economic system. Social movements have a constitutive role in these debates and resistances. Grass-root coalitions that are made by movements have a different vision for the union of Europe. The study examines the movement coalitions that have been realized since 2012 and their actions. The aim of the study is to understand the struggles of movements that give political answers to crises of Europe versus the economical answers of professionals. These coalitions constitute a new democracy debate and they are the latest examples of the aim to create a political union of European peoples. While the political debates that have been initiated by the movements push the limits of the establishe
References
- Arrighi, G.; Wallerstein, I. ve Hopkins T. K. (2004), Sistem Karşıtı Hareketler, (İstanbul: Metis) (Çev. C. Kanat, B.Somay, C.Sökmen).
- ATTAC (2012), Kimin Avrupası? Halkın Avrupası ile Şirketlerin Avrupası Arasında (İstanbul:Metis). (Çev.: Deniz Banoğlu).
- Crespy, A. (2014), “Deliberative Democracy and the Legitimacy of the European Union: A Reappraisal of Conflict”, Political Studies, Vol 62(S1), 81–98.
- Çelebi, Aykut (2002) Avrupa: Halkların Siyasal Birliği, (İstanbul:Metis).
- De Sio, L,; Emanuele, V.; Magini, N. (ed.) (2014), The European Parliament Elections of 2014, CISE, http.://cise.luiss.it
- Della Porta, D. (2011), “The Road to Europe: movements and Democracy”, https://www.opendemocracy.net/donatella-della-porta/road-to-europe-movements-anddemocracy, Erişim: 01.11.2014
- Della Porta, D. ve Caiani, M. (2009), Social Movements and Europanization, (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- Douzinas, C. (2014), “From Greece to Ukraine: Welcome to New Age of Resistance”, http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/mar/04/greece-ukraine-welcome-newage-resistance, Erişim: 01.11.2014
- Eriksen, E. O. ve Fossum, J. E. (2002) ,“Democracy Through Strong Publics in the European Union?”, JCMS, Vol. 40, Number. 3:401-424.
- Eriksen, E. O. ve Fossum, J. E. (2000), “Post-National Integration”, Erik Oddvar Eriksen, John Erik Fossum (Ed.), Democracy in the European Union: Integration Through Deliberation?
- Jaeger, Hans-Martin (2007), “ „Global Civil Society‟ and the Political Depoliticization of Global Governance”, International Political Sociology, Vol. 1: 257–277.
- Johnston, H.; Larana, E. ve Gusfield, J. (1994), “Identities, Grievances and New Social Movements”, Enrique Laraña, Hank Johnston, Joseph R. Gusfield (ed.), New Social Movements: From Ideology to Identity (Philedelphia: Temple University).
- Kaldor, M. ve Selchow S. (2013) “The „Bubbling Up‟ of Subterranean Politics in Europe”, Journal of Civil Society, 9:1, 78-99, DOI: 10.1080/17448689.2013.784501
- Kalouche, F ve Mielants, E (2008). Dünya Sisteminin ve Sistem Karşıtı Hareketlerin Dönüşümü: 1968-2005. İçinde: Toplumsal Hareketler 1750-2008 Dipten Gelen Dalgalar, (koor.) William g. Martin, (çev.) Deniz Keskin, İstanbul: Versus.
- Kastoryano, R., (2006) “Europe: Space, Territory And Identity”, Janet Laible and Henri J. Barkey (ed.), European Responses to Globalization: Resistance, Adaptation and Alternatives, (New York: JAI): 93-111.
- Macartney, H. (2014), “The paradox of Integration? European Democracy and the Debt Crisis”, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2013.819836
- Mathews, A. (2007), Struggling for a Social Europe: Neoliberal Globalization and the Birth of European social Movement, (Hampshire: Ashgate Pub.)
- Monforte, P. (2014), “The Cognitive Dimension of Social Movements' Europeanization Processes: The Case of the Protests against „Fortress Europe‟ ”, Perspectives on European Politics and Society, 15:1, 120-137, DOI: 10.1080/15705854.2013.87325
- Offe, C. (1985), “New Social Movements: Challenging the Boundaries of Institutional Politics” Social Research, 52(4):817-868
- Ranciere, J. (1999), Disagreement, (trans. Julie Rose) (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press).
- Ranciere, J. (2007), Siyasalın Kıyısında, (İstanbul: Metis) (Çev. Aziz Ufuk Kılıç).
- Ranciere, J. (2009), Hatred of Democracy (London: Verso).
- Ruzza, C. (2004), Europe and Civil Society: Movement Coalitions and European Governance, (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
- Schmidt, Vivien A. (2013) “Democracy and Legitimacy in the European Union Revisited: Input, Output and „Throughput‟”, Political Studies, Vol 61, 2–22.
- Scott, A. (1990), Ideology and the New Social Movements (London: Routledge).
- Tarrow, S. (2001), “Contentious Politics in a Composite Polity”, Douglas R. Imig, Sidney G. Tarrow (ed.), Contentious Europeans: Protest and Politics in an Emerging Polity, (Maryland: Rowman&Littlefield Pub.): 233-251.
- Tilly C., Tarrow S. (2007) Contentious Politics (Colorado: Paradigm).
- Tilly, C. (2008), Toplumsal Hareketler 1786-2004, (İstanbul: Babil) (Çev. Orhan Düz).
- Touraine, A. (1985), “An Introduction to the Study of Social Movements”, Social Research, 52 (4), 749-786.
- Touraine, A. (1999), “Toplumsaldan Toplumsal Harekete”, Kenan Çayır (yay. haz.), Yeni Sosyal Hareketler, (İstanbul: Kaknüs): 35-52.
- Wallerstein, I. (2009), Bildiğimiz Dünyanın Sonu: Yirmibirinci Yüzyıl İçin Sosyal Bilim (İstanbul: Metis) (Çev. Tuncay Birkan).
- Warren, Mark E. (1999), “What is Political?”, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 11(2): 207-231
- Yıldırım, Y. (2013), Sosyal Forum’dan Öfkeliler’e, (İstanbul: İletişim).
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 16, 2015 |
| Submission Date | December 15, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015 Volume: 70 Issue: 4 |