The Un Secratery - General's Rolein Peacesul Settlement of Disputes: Over Coming Dilemans

Year 2006, Volume: 61 Issue: 01, 243 - 266, 01.01.2006

Özgür Mengiler

https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000001391

Abstract

Keywords

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BM Genel Sekreteri'nin Uyuşmazlıkların Barışçı Çözümündeki Rolü: İkilemleri Aşmak

Abstract

BM Genel Sekreteri, uluslararası uyuşmazlıkların barışçı yöntemlerle çözümünde vazgeçilmez bir rol üstlenmektedir. Ancak, başarılı olabilmesi için Genel Sekreter'in karşılaştığı temel ikilemi aşması gerekmektedir. Bu ikilem, BM sisteminin ilke olarak devletlerin egemenliğine dayalı işlemesine karşın; uluslararası toplumun etkin ve bütünleştirici bir yaklaşıma gereksinim duymasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Genel Sekreter' in yetkileri yaratıcı uygulamalar geliştirmesi için yeterli olmakla birlikte, uygulamanın başarısı uyuşmazlık taraflarının ve BM Güvenlik Konseyi'nin desteğine bağlıdır. Genel Sekreter, barışçı çözüm amacıyla girişimde bulunurken yeterince esnek hareket etme gereksinimi duymasına karşın, örgütün siyasi organlarının çizmiş olduğu hukuksal çerçevenin içinde kalmak durumundadır. Barışın kalıcı kılınması dört koşulun biraraya getirilmesine bağlıdır: Tarafların barış sürecine bağlılığı, uluslararası toplumun desteği, Güvenlik Konseyi'nin desteği ve barış sürecinin her aşamasında bu üç unsur arasında eşgüdümün sağlanması. Bu şekilde, her devletin kendi çıkan doğrultusundaki rızasının esas alınmasıyla işleyen barışçı çözüm mekanizmasının daha etkin çalışması sağlanabilecektir. Diğer bir deyişle, yasallık ile etkinlik biraraya getirilerek Genel Sekreter'in karşılaştığı ikilemleri aşması mümkün olabilecektir.

Keywords

Birleşmiş Milletler, BM Genel Sekreteri, uluslararası uyuşmazlık, barışçı çözüm, BM'in barış operasyonları

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