Besinlerdeki Bazı Biyoaktif Bileşiklerin Anti-Diyabetik Etkinliği

Abstract

Diyabet hiperglisemi ile karakterize, kronik ve giderek artan bir küresel sağlık sorunudur. Diyabet ilerleyen yıllarda komplikasyonlarda, prevelansında ve sağlık harcamalarında artış olması öngörülen bir hastalıktır. Diyabetle mücadele edecek hasta sayısının 2030’da 643 milyona ve 2045’te 783 milyona çıkacağı tahmin edilmekteyken diyabetin son 15 yılda %316’lık bir artışla en az 966 milyar dolarlık sağlık harcamasına neden olduğu bildirilmektedir. Günümüzde diyabet yönetimi antihiperglisemik ilaçlar (metformin, sülfonilüre türevleri vb.) ve insülin tedavisi ile yapılmaktadır. İlaçların yüksek maliyetli ve çeşitli yan etkiler oluşturması (hipoglisemi, şişkinlik, ishal, ağırlık artışı, halsizlik vb.) araştırmacıları farklı tedavi yöntemleri geliştirmeye yöneltmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmalar son yıllarda geleneksel insülin ve anti-diyabetik ilaç tedavilerinin yanında besin ögesi olmayan biyoaktif diyetsel bileşenlerin diyabet patobiyolojisindeki etkilerini araştırma konusunda hız kazanmıştır. Besinlerin içeriğindeki doğal ögelerin anti-diyabetik etkinliği ve düşük toksisitesi nedeniyle ilerleyen sağlık stratejilerinde umut verici bir alternatif olabileceği belirtilerek bu bileşenlerin anti-diyabetik etkisini tanımlamaya ve açıklamaya yönelik çalışmalar geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada da bu bileşenlerin potansiyel anti-diyabetik etki mekanizmaları araştırılmıştır.

Keywords

• Diyabet
• diyet posası
• fenoller

Anti-Diabetic Efficacy of Some Bioactive Compounds in Foods

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic and growing global health problem characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetes is a disease that is predicted to increase in complications, prevalence, and health expenditures in the coming years. While it is estimated that the number of patients who will struggle with diabetes will increase to 643 million in 2030 and 783 million in 2045, it is reported that diabetes has caused at least 966 billion dollars in health expenditures with an increase of 316% in the last 15 years. Today, diabetes management is done with antihyperglycemic drugs (metformin, sulfonylurea derivatives, etc.) and insulin therapy. The high cost and various side effects of drugs (hypoglycemia, bloating, diarrhea, weight gain, weakness, etc.) have led researchers to develop different treatment methods. In this context, studies have accelerated in recent years to investigate the effects of non-nutrient bioactive dietary components on the pathobiology of diabetes, as well as traditional insulin and anti-diabetic drug treatments. Studies have been developed to define and explain the anti-diabetic effect of these components, stating that natural components in foods can be a promising alternative in advancing health strategies due to their anti-diabetic activity and low toxicity. In this study, the potential anti-diabetic effect mechanisms of these components were investigated.

Keywords

• Diabetes
• dietary fiber
• phenols

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