Levels of medium-molecular-weight peptides in the cerebral cortex of rats of different ages and nervous system types under high-protein and protein-free diets

Year 2026, Volume: 73 Issue: 1, 93 - 101, 01.01.2026

Samira Ibrahimova

https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1627124

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-protein and protein-free diets on the levels of medium-molecular-weight peptides (MMPs) in specific brain regions of rats of different ages and nervous system types. The animals were divided into stress-resistant and stress-sensitive groups. A control was selected from each group and maintained under vivarium conditions. The experimental animals were divided into two subgroups and were fed a special diet for periods of 10, 20, or 30 days. In the first subgroup, the dietary components were completely preserved (protein-based diet), whereas in the second subgroup casein was excluded from the diet (protein-free diet). At the end of the specified feeding periods, levels of MMPs in tissue homogenates of the bilateral limbic and orbital cortices (left and right hemispheres) of control and experimental rats were determined. In 3-month-old animals, MMP levels increased on both high-protein and protein-free diets. In contrast, in 12-month-old animals, MMP levels decreased under both conditions. Also, with both protein-containing and protein-free nutrition, interhemispheric asymmetry was observed in the MMPs content of the limbic and orbital cortices of the left and right hemispheres in 3- and 12-month-old stress-resistant and stress-sensitive animals.

Keywords

Hemispheres , high-protein nutrition , Medium-molecular-weight peptides , protein-free nutrition.

References

• Abramov AA, Semenenko MP, Kuzminova EV, et al (2019): Study of the level of medium molecular weight peptides in the blood serum of laboratory rats during pharmacotherapy of acute toxic hepatitis. 232-237. In: Proceedings of Krasnodar Res Cent Anim Sci Vet Med Krasnodar, Russia.
• Asrankulova DB, Urinova DA (2021): Endogenous intoxication and medium molecular weight peptides in preeclampsia. RHJ, 2, 29-32.
• Boravova AI (2023): Functional ınterhemispheric asymmetry of the brain and neurobiofeedback. J Asymmetry, 17, 17–25.
• Borshchikova TI, Epifantseva NN, Lyzlov AN, et al (2018): Dynamics of the spectrum of medium molecular weight peptides in severe traumatic brain injury J Med Kuzbass, 17, 62-67.
• Glantz SA (1997): Primer of Biostatistics. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York.
• Gorbunova HA, Nasonova VV (2015): Non-traditional sources of raw meat of animal origin. All About Meat (in Russ.), 5, 46-51.
• İbrahimova SA (2023): Quantification of medium-molecular peptides (MMPs) in brain structures of rats with varied nervous system types across different age groups. Azerb Med J, 1, 139-144.
• Kabelkova IV, Martinchuk AN, Kudryavtseva KV, et al (2017): Nutrition in maintaining the health of the working-age population. Probl Nutr, 86, 17–21.
• Kamyshnikov VS (2009): Handbook of Clinical Biochemical Studies and Laboratory Diagnostics, MED press, Russia.
• Korolyova SB, Ashmarin IP (2005): Functional search for regulatory peptides that enhance anxiety complexes optimal as a basis for the development of inhibitory therapeutic agents. Russ J Physiol (Sechenov), 1, 3–11.
• Kuznetsova GD (1998): Audiogenic seizures in rats of different genetical strains. J VND, 48, 143-152.
• Lamajapova GP (2016): Physiology of Nutrition. World of Science. Russia.
• Litvitskii PF, Maltseva LD (2015): Proteın, amıno acıds and nucleıc acıds metabolısm dısorders. Curr. Pediatr, 14, 95-107.
• Lobanov SA, Cherepanov NS, Sultanov IK (2010): Features of oxidative protein modification processes and the content of medium molecular weight compounds during prolonged hypodynamia. Biol Sci Phys Bull Chelyabinsk State Pedagog Univ, 5, 373–382.
• Nagoev BS, Bottaev KhB, Yuanov AA, et al (2004): Study of the condition of medium molecular peptides in blood plasma in certain ınflammatory diseases of the abdominal organs based on the city clinical hospital. Adv Mod Nat Sci, 12, 67–68.
• Nikonorow M, Uzbanek–Karlowska B, Karlowski K (1973): Protein deficient diets. Activity of selected enzymes of protein and carbohydrate metabolism. J Toxicol, 1, 263-276.
• Oleynik VV (2011): Endogenous ıntoxication in thermomechanical ınjuries. Bull Emerg Reconstr Med, 12, 17–20.
• Pezeshki A, Chelikani PK (2021): Low protein diets and energy balance: mechanisms of action on energy intake and expenditure. Front Nutr, 8, 58-65.
• Pitkin VA, Sinko OV, Khripko IA (2022): The role of proper nutrition in students’ lives. Bull Voronezh State Univ Eng Technol, 84, 110–114.
• Somei K, Shingo K, Koji, et al (2022): Quantitative determination of 2-oxo-imidazole-containing dipeptides by high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry. Antioxidants, 11, 12-24
• Sudakov KV (2012): Informational aspects of the systemic organization of mental activity. Bull Russ Acad Med Sci, 67, 216–219.
• Svetukhina VM (1962): Cytoarchitectonics of the neocortex of the rodent order (white rats). Arch Anat Embryol Histol, 42, 31-45.
• Vasiliev AV, Ivahnenko VI, Maltsev GY (2006): Changes in the kinetic characteristics of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver and erythrocytes of rats with bread deficiency and additional sitting in the diet of Su, Zn, Mn and Se. Biomed Chem, 52, 384-393.
• Williams PG (2007): Nutritional composition of red meat. Nutrition & Dietetics, 64, 113–119.
• Yongsheng Zhu, Fei L Xin P et al (2022): Food protein-derived antioxidant peptides: molecular mechanism, stability and bioavailability. Biomolecules, 12.