Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers

Osfar Sjofjan; Bima Ferdana; Heli Tistiana; Mohamad Hidayatulloh; Eggi Pinandita; Anisa Ramadhani

doi:10.33988/auvfd.1836462

Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers

Abstract

Shallot peel waste is rich in bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, which have potential antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of shallot peel (Allium ascalonicum L.) microparticles used as a natural feed additive, on hematological parameters and oxidative stress in broilers. A total of 330 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to six treatment groups: a positive control group (basal diet + 0.1% zinc bacitracin), a negative control group (basal diet only), and four groups receiving shallot peel microparticles at 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. The results showed that supplementation with shallot peel microparticles had no significant effect (P>0.05) on total erythrocyte and total leukocyte counts, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit percentage. However, a highly significant decrease (P<0.01) in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was observed as the levels of shallot peel microparticles increased, indicating enhanced antioxidant activity and reduced oxidative stress. The lowest MDA level was recorded in the 1% treatment group. It can be concluded that dietary supplementation with 1% shallot peel microparticles improved antioxidant status in broilers without altering hematological profiles.

Keywords

References

Adeyemo AE, Omoba OS, Olagunju AI et al (2023): Assessment of nutritional values, phytochemical content, and antioxidant properties of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) leaf and bulb. Measurement: Food, 10, 1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.meafoo.2023.100091.
Chaudhary P, Janmeda P, Docea AO et al (2023): Oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants: potential crosstalk in the pathophysiology of human diseases. Front Chem, 11, 1-24. DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1158198.
Contreras-López G, Carrillo-López LM, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E et al (2024): Microencapsulation of feed additives with potential in livestock and poultry production: A systematic review. Chil J Agric Anim Sci, 40, 229-249. DOI: 10.29393/chjaas40-21mfgi40021.
da Silva RY, de Menezes, DL, Oliveira VDS et al (2023): Microparticles in the development and improvement of pharmaceutical formulations: an analysis of in vitro and in vivo studies. Int J Mol Sci, 24, 1-25. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065441.
Fakhri S, Pesce M, Patruno A et al (2020): Attenuation of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE in Alzheimer’s disease by plant secondary metabolites: A mechanistic review. Molecules, 25, 1-45. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214926.
Gwozdzinski K, Pieniazek A, Gwozdzinski L (2021): Reactive oxygen species and their involvement in red blood cell damage in chronic kidney disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021, 1-19. DOI: 10.1155/2021/6639199.
Jannah SN, Sudjarwo E, Sjofjan O (2024): Evaluation of onion peels as feed additive on blood profile broiler. Int J Curr Sci Res Rev, 7, 784–788. DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/V7-i1-76.
Kaschubek T, Mayer E, Rzesnik S et al (2018): Effects of phytogenic feed additives on cellular oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. JAS, 96, 3657-3669. DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky263.

Kothari D, Lee WD, Niu KM et al (2019): The genus Allium as poultry feed additive: A review. Animals, 9, 1032. DOI: 10.3390/ani9121032.
Kurniawan MI, Sjofjan O, Tistiana H (2025): The Effect of Addition of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Peel Flour as a Feed Additive on Antibacterial Activity and Characteristics of Small Intestine of Broiler. J Agriprecision Soc Impact, 2, 309-319. DOI: 10.62793/japsi.v2i2.58.
Lopes SA, Roque-Borda CA, Duarte JL et al (2023): Delivery strategies of probiotics from nano-and Microparticles: trends in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease—an overview. Pharmaceutics, 15, 1-25. DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112600.
Marefati N, Ghorani V, Shakeri F et al (2021): A review of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of Allium cepa and its main constituents. Pharm Biol, 59, 285-300. DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1874028.
Mozin S, Rosyidi D, Sjofjan O et al (2015): The effect of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) by-product as an antibacterial and alternative phytobiotic on characteristics of small intestine of broiler. Livest Res Rural Dev, 27, 78.
Orrico F, Laurance S, Lopez AC et al (2023): Oxidative stress in healthy and pathological red blood cells. Biomolecules, 13, 1-20. DOI: 10.3390/biom13081262.
Reece WO, Erickson HH, Goff JP et al (2015). Dukes' Physiology of Domestic Animals. John Wiley & Sons. Pondicherry, India.
Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Singh RP et al (2024): Dietary polyphenols: review on chemistry/sources, bioavailability/metabolism, antioxidant effects, and their role in disease management. Antioxidants, 13, 41-47. DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040429.
Samour J (2015): Diagnostic Value of Hematology in Clinical Avian Medicine. Spix Publishing, Florida. USA.
Sagar NA, Pareek S, Benkeblia N et al (2022): Onion (Allium cepa L.) bioactives: Chemistry, pharmacotherapeutic functions, and industrial applications. Food Front, 3, 380-412. DOI: 10.1002/fft2.135.
Schwarzfischer M, Rogler G (2022): The intestinal barrier—shielding the body from nano-and microparticles in our diet. Metabolites, 12, 1-21. DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030223.
Shakeri M, Cottrell JJ, Wilkinson S et al (2020): A dietary sugarcane-derived polyphenol mix reduces the negative effects of cyclic heat exposure on growth performance, blood gas status, and meat quality in broiler chickens. Animals, 10, 1-14. DOI: 10.3390/ani10071158.
Surasorn B, Sornplang P (2025): Effects of shallot (Allium ascalonicum) powder supplementation on carcass quality and lipid peroxidation in broilers under heat stress conditions. Vet Integr Sci, 24, 1-12. DOI: 10.12982/VIS.2026.045.
Waheed S, Hasnain A, Ahmad A et al (2017): Effect of spices and sweet violet extracts to replace antibiotics and antioxidants in feed on broiler performance, hematology, lipid profile and immunity. J. Anim. Plant Sci, 27, 714-724.
Wang J, Chen M, Wang S et al (2022): Identification of phytogenic compounds with antioxidant action that protect porcine intestinal epithelial cells from hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage. Antioxidants, 11, 1-17. DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112134.
Xiong Z, Sun DW, Pu H et al (2015). Non-destructive prediction of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value for freshness evaluation of chicken meat using hyperspectral imaging. Food Chem, 179, 175-181. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.116.
Yalçın S, Ramay MS, Yalçınkaya H et al (2025): Evaluation of high levels of solvent extracted Camelina sativa meal in diets on performance, blood indices, cecal microorganisms, and nutrient digestibility in broilers. Trop Anim Health Prod, 57, 100. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-025-04339-1.
Yekti R, Bukhari A, Jafar N et al (2018): Measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a good indicator of lipid peroxidation. Int J Allied Ed Sci Clin Res, 6, 1-3. DOI: 10.61096/ijamscr.v6.iss4.2018.838-840

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Animal Science, Genetics and Biostatistics

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Osfar Sjofjan ^*
0000-0003-0115-3853
Indonesia

Bima Ferdana This is me
0009-0008-5980-697X
Indonesia

Heli Tistiana This is me
0009-0006-6904-5364
Indonesia

Mohamad Hidayatulloh
0009-0003-4233-835X
Indonesia

Eggi Pinandita This is me
0009-0005-9567-4319
Indonesia

Anisa Ramadhani This is me
0009-0004-5865-6341
Indonesia

Early Pub Date

May 22, 2026

Publication Date

July 1, 2026

Submission Date

December 5, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 1, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 73 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1836462

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA56KL49JZ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Sjofjan, O., Ferdana, B., Tistiana, H., Hidayatulloh, M., Pinandita, E., & Ramadhani, A. (2026). Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 73(3), 315-320. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1836462

AMA

1.Sjofjan O, Ferdana B, Tistiana H, Hidayatulloh M, Pinandita E, Ramadhani A. Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2026;73(3):315-320. doi:10.33988/auvfd.1836462

Chicago

Sjofjan, Osfar, Bima Ferdana, Heli Tistiana, Mohamad Hidayatulloh, Eggi Pinandita, and Anisa Ramadhani. 2026. “Shallot Peel Microparticles As a Novel Phytogenic Feed Additive: Effects on Oxidative Stress and Hematological Parameters in Broilers”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 73 (3): 315-20. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1836462.

EndNote

Sjofjan O, Ferdana B, Tistiana H, Hidayatulloh M, Pinandita E, Ramadhani A (July 1, 2026) Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 73 3 315–320.

IEEE

[1]O. Sjofjan, B. Ferdana, H. Tistiana, M. Hidayatulloh, E. Pinandita, and A. Ramadhani, “Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers”, Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 315–320, July 2026, doi: 10.33988/auvfd.1836462.

ISNAD

Sjofjan, Osfar - Ferdana, Bima - Tistiana, Heli - Hidayatulloh, Mohamad - Pinandita, Eggi - Ramadhani, Anisa. “Shallot Peel Microparticles As a Novel Phytogenic Feed Additive: Effects on Oxidative Stress and Hematological Parameters in Broilers”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 73/3 (July 1, 2026): 315-320. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1836462.

JAMA

1.Sjofjan O, Ferdana B, Tistiana H, Hidayatulloh M, Pinandita E, Ramadhani A. Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2026;73:315–320.

MLA

Sjofjan, Osfar, et al. “Shallot Peel Microparticles As a Novel Phytogenic Feed Additive: Effects on Oxidative Stress and Hematological Parameters in Broilers”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 73, no. 3, July 2026, pp. 315-20, doi:10.33988/auvfd.1836462.

Vancouver

1.Osfar Sjofjan, Bima Ferdana, Heli Tistiana, Mohamad Hidayatulloh, Eggi Pinandita, Anisa Ramadhani. Shallot peel microparticles as a novel phytogenic feed additive: Effects on oxidative stress and hematological parameters in broilers. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2026 Jul. 1;73(3):315-20. doi:10.33988/auvfd.1836462