The effects of urea supplementation on pomegranate pulp (Punica granatum L.) silage fermentation,aerobic stability and in vitro gas production

Abstract

The aim of current experiment was to determine the effects of urea supplementation as nitrogen source on the fermentation, aerobic stability, in vitro gas production, microbiological characteristics of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) pulp silages in laboratory conditions. Urea was applied at 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% levels to pomegranate pulp, and pomegranate pulp chopped to about 1.5-2.0 cm length. The supplementation of urea significantly increased the crude protein (CP), but neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) with water soluble content (WSC) decreased with increasing level of urea (P<0.01). The supplementation of urea decreased the acetic acid and butyric acid whereas the supplementation of urea increased the pH, lactic acid, propionic acid and ammonia-N (NH3-N) content of pomegranate pulp silage (P<0.01). The supplementation of urea significantly (P<0.01) increased the in vitro gas production, digestible organic matter (DOM), metabolizable energy (ME) and lactic acid bacteria whereas yeast and mould decreased. On the other hand the supplementation of urea improved the aerobic stability of pomegranate pulp silage decreasing the CO2 production. As a conclusion the urea can be used as a silage additive in the level of 1.5 and 2.0 % when pomegranate pulp is ensiled

Keywords

• Aerobic stability
• in vitro gas production
• pomegranate pulp
• silage fermentation
• urea

Nar posası silajına (Punica granatum L.) katılan ürenin silaj fermantasyonu, aerobik stabilite ve in vitro gaz üretimi üzerine etkisi

Abstract

Bu araştırma, nar posası (Punica granatum L.) silajında azot kaynağı olarak kullanılan ürenin, laboratuvar koşullarında yapılan silajlarda fermantasyon, aerobik stabilite, in vitro gaz üretimi, mikrobiyolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin saptanması amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan nar posası yaklaşık 1.5-2.0 cm boyutunda doğranmıştır. Taze materyale %0 (kontrol), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 ve 2.0 düzeyinde üre katılmıştır. Nar posasına katılan üre ham protein (HP) düzeyi artmış, ancak nötral deterjan fiber (NDF), asit deterjan fiber (ADF) ve asit deterjan lignin (ADL) ile suda çözünebilir karbonhidrat (SÇK) içeriği azalmıştır (P<0.01). Üre ilavesi silajların, asetik asit ve butirik asit konsantrasyonlarını düşürürken, pH, laktik asit, propiyonik asit ve amonyak azotu (NH3-N) düzeylerini artırmıştır (P<0.01). Üre ilavesi aynı zamanda, silajların in vitro gaz üretimi, sindirilebilir organik madde (SOM), metabolik enerji (ME) ve laktik asit bakterileri (LAB) sayısını artırmış, maya ve küf sayısını ise düşürmüştür (P<0.01). Diğer yandan üre silajlardaki CO2 üretimini düşürerek silajların aerobik stabilitelerini geliştirmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, nar posasına azot kaynağı olarak %1.5 ile 2.0 düzeyinde üre kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir

Keywords

• Aerobik stabilite
• in vitro gaz üretimi
• nar posası
• silaj fermantasyonu
• üre

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