Cytological evaluation of pleural effusion with cell block technique in a dog

Abstract

In this case, the use of the Cell Block technique in the diagnosis of pleural effusion collected from a 3.5 year old Setter Spaniel breed dog was investigated. The dog was presented to Ankara University Small Animal Hospital with the history of acute dyspnea, weakness, exercise intolerance and tachypnea for a week. Routine clinical examinations including blood testing were performed. Abdominal distension, pleural effusion and cyanotic cranial mucous membranes were remarkable during physical examination. The pleural fluid collected by thoracocentesis was brownish-colored, cloudy and has contained granular materials. The specimen collected from the dog was separated into three aliquots, one part was processed in a routine manner for cytological examination by cytocentrifugation, and the other parts of the sample were used for a cell block and bacteriological analysis. In microbiological analysis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. were isolated. The cytocentrifuged preparations and cell block sections revealed septic effusion. The cell block technique demonstrated morphological details better than cytocentrifugation. In conclusion, in this case, cytology and bacteriology of effusion, routine blood tests, abdominal radiography and echocardiography showed that the pleural effusion was resulted from pyothorax due to severe tricuspid dysplasia

Keywords

• Cell block
• cytocentrifugation
• dog
• pleural effusion
• tricuspid dysplasia

Bir köpekte hücre bloğu tekniği ile plevral efüzyonun sitolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu olguda, 3,5 yaşlı, dişi Setter İspanyol ırkı bir köpekte plevral efüzyonun tanısında hücre bloğu tekniğinin kullanım olanağı araştırıldı. Bir haftadan beri akut solunum güçlüğü, halsizlik, hızlı solunum öyküsü olan bir köpek Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Küçük Hayvan Hastanesine kabul edildi. Kan testleri dahil rutin klinik incelemeleri yapıldı. Yapılan fiziksel incelemede karın şişkinliği, plevral efüzyon ve kranial müköz membranlarda siyanoz dikkati çekti. Torakosentez ile alınan plevra sıvısı kahverengimsi renkte, bulanık ve granüler materyal içermekteydi. Alınan plevra sıvısı örnekleri üç kısıma ayrıldı. Bir kısmı santrifuj teknikleriyle çalışıldı, diğer kısımlar ise hücre bloğu ve bakteriyolojik izolasyon için kullanıldı. Mikrobiyolojik yoklamada Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella spp. izole edildi. Plevral sıvının sitolojisinde septik efüzyona rastlandı. Hücre bloğunda sitosantrifüj tekniğine göre hücrelerin morfolojik detayları daha belirgin olarak görüldü. Sonuç olarak, bu olguda plevral efüzyonlu bir köpeğe sitolojik, bakteriyolojik, abdominal radyografi, ekokardiyografi, rutin kan testleriyle şiddetli triküspid yetmezliğine bağlı pyotoraks tanısı konuldu

Keywords

• Hücre bloğu
• köpek
• plevral efüzyon
• sitosantrifüj
• triküspid displazisi

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