The effects of electromagnetic fields to whole protein, myelin basic protein, neuron specific enolase profiles and nitric oxide levels in rat brains

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) to whole protein, neuron specific enolase (NSE), myelin basic protein (MBP) profiles and nitric oxide levels in rat brains. In addition, serum NSE was also determined. For this aim, 33 rats with 2-days-old age were divided into three groups. The rats in control group were kept in the normal conditions with no exposure of EMF. Group 2 and 3 were exposed to 900 and 1800MHz EMF respectively for 2 h/day for 90 days at the same time and everyday in the piecage restrainer. At the end of the exposure period, the brains of rats were excluded and splitted up to two parts (right and left), horizontally. The brain parts of same groups were mixed, homogenized and sonicated. The protein concentrations were equalized to 40 mg/ml with spectrophotometer. The protein profiles were determined for sizes and densities of bands with SDS-PAGE. NSE and MBP profiles were detected with western blot technique. Nitric oxide levels were determined by using ELISA test kit. The sizes of protein bands were detected as being same but the densities were found as variable into the groups for all parameters. The protein band, MBP and NSE densities of brains of rats were defined as increased in group 2, but decreased in group 3 when compared with control group. Also, there was no difference seen in right and left parts of brains in all groups. NSE in serum was determined to be higher in group 3 than the group 2 and control. Nitric oxide levels in the right and left brain parts were 224.09±20.32 µM/mL and 207.43±24.19 µM/mL in control group, 253.8±33.58 µM/mL and 336.9±24.47 µM/mL in group 2, 237.87±36.30 µM/mL and 281.53±36.75 µM/mL in group 3, respectively. The difference of nitric oxide levels among the groups was found as not significant (P>0.05). The results of this study may lighten the future and advance studies about the risks of the cellular and digital communication handsets against brain used by the general public

Keywords

• Electromagnetic field
• myelin basic protein
• neuron specific enolase
• nitric oxide
• rat

Elektromanyetik alanın rat beyin total protein, myelin basic protein ve neuron spesifik enolazprofilleri ile nitric oksit düzeylerine etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma elektromanyetik alan (EMF) uygulanmış olan ratların beyin bölgelerindeki total protein, myelin basic protein (MBP) ve neuron spesifik enolaz (NSE) profilleri ile nitrik oksit düzeylerinin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla 33 adet 2 günlük rat kullanılmış ve ratlar 3 grup olarak bölünmüştür. Kontrol grubundaki ratlara EMF uygulanmamıştır. Grup 2’de bulunan ratlara 900 ve Grup 3’tekilere de 1800MHz EMF uygulanmıştır. Deney süresi sonunda beyin bölgeleri dikey olarak sağ ve sol parçalara ayrılmıştır. Aynı grupta bulunan ratlara ait sağ ve sol beyin parçaları ayrı ayrı karıştırılmıştır. Bu karışımlar homojenize edildikten sonra sonike edilmişlerdir. Protein konsantrasyonları spektrofotometrik olarak 40 mg/ml olmak üzere eşitlenmiştir. Total protein profilleri bant büyüklükleri ve yoğunlukları yönünden SDS-PAGE yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. NSE ve MBP profilleri western blot tekniği ile belirlenmiştir. Nitrik oksit (NO) düzeyleri ise ELISA ile ölçülmüştür. Protein profilinin tüm gruplarda bant büyüklükleri yönünden aynı olduğu fakat yoğunluklarının değişkenlik gösterdiği görülmüştür. Protein bant, MBP ve NSE yoğunlukları kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığı zaman grup 2’de artmış ve grup 3’te ise azalmış olduğu görülmüştür. NSE profili grup 3’te diğerlerine göre daha fazla bulunmuştur. NO düzeyleri de sırasıyla sağ ve sol beyin bölgelerinde kontrol grubunda 224.09±20.32 µM/mL ve 207.43±24.19 µM/mL, grup 2’de 253.8±33.58 µM/mL ve 336.9±24.47 µM/mL, grup 3’te237.87±36.30 µM/mL ve 281.53±36.75 µM/mL olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu sonuçların, halk arasında sıklıkla kullanılmakta olan ve EMF yayan iletişim araçlarının beyin üzerine etkileri hakkında gelecekte yapılacak olan çalışmalara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir

Keywords

• Elektromanyetik alan
• myelin basic protein
• neuron spesifik enolaz
• nitrik oksit
• rat

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