Evaluation of once daily dose of phenylpropanolamine in the treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in spayed bitches

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and long term safety of once daily administration of phenylpropanolamine (PPA) in the treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) in spayed bitches in comparison to three times daily administrations. For this purpose, 22 spayed bitches suffering from USMI received either PPA at the dose rate of 1.5 mg/kg, body weight (BW) once daily (group I, n=11) or 1.5 mg/kg three times daily (group II, n=11) by oral administration. Clinical efficacy was determined by using a scoring system based on analysing the frequency and the amount of unconscious urination on d 7, 14 and 28. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the clinical response observed on d 7, 14 and 28 of treatment in group I and II. Eight dogs (72.7%) in each group were continent on d 28. The side effects observed were mild and transient. Phenylpropanolamine therapy was continued in 13 dogs that became continent after 28 d and the dogs were followed up for 12 months. None of the dogs showed symptoms of urinary incontinence except for 2 bitches that became refractory to PPA treatment in group II. Phenylpropanolamine was combined with estriol for 14 d (1 mg/dog PO) in dogs in which PPA therapy was inefficient or unsatisfactory on d 28 and in dogs that became refractory to PPA treatment. A total of 8 dogs were treated with estriol PPA combination. Five (62.5%) bitches were continent on 14th d of estriol PPA combination treatment. In one bitch (12.5%) urinary incontinence improved. In conclusion, once daily administration of PPA at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg, BW is effective in treatment of USMI in spayed bitches and it offers a cheap and convenient treatment option. In addition, recurrence of incontinence can be observed during long term administration of PPA and combination of PPA with estriol is effective in dogs in which PPA therapy alone is unsatisfactory and in dogs that become refractory to PPA treatment

Keywords

• Estriol
• phenylpropanolamine
• spayed bitch
• urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence

Kısırlaştırılmış dişi köpeklerde üretral sfinkter mekanizması yetersizliğinin tedavisinde günlük tekdoz fenilpropanolamin uygulamasının değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kısırlaştırılmış dişi köpeklerde üretral sfinkter mekanizması yetersizliğinin (urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence, USMI) tedavisinde günde tek doz fenilpropanolamin (phenylpropanolamine, PPA) uygulamasının uzun dönem etkinlik ve güvenirliğinin günde üç doz uygulama ile karşılaştırılarak araştırılmasıdır. Bu maksatla, USMI teşhisi konan 22 kısırlaştırılmış dişi köpeğe günde tek doz 1,5 mg/kg, vücut ağırlığı, per os (grup I, n=11) veya günde üç doz 1,5 mg/kg, vücut ağırlığı, per os (grup I, n=11) PPA uygulandı. Tedavinin klinik etkinliği 7, 14 ve 28. günlerde istemsiz ürinasyonun frekans ve miktarının ölçülmesine dayalı bir derecelendirme sistemi kullanılarak belirlendi. Tedavinin ilk 28 günü sonunda her iki grupta 8’er köpekte (%72,7) semptomlar tamamen ortadan kalktı. Gruplar arasında tedavinin 7, 14 ve 28. günlerinde klinik yanıt bakımından bir farklılık gözlenmezken (p>0,05), hafif ve geçici yan etkiler gözlendi. Tedavinin ilk 28 günü sonunda idrar kaçırma şikayeti ortadan kalkan 13 köpekte tedaviye devam edildi ve köpekler toplam 12 ay süreyle izlendi. Bu süreçte grup II’de PPA tedavisine dirençli hale gelen 2 köpek dışında idrar kaçırma şikayeti ile karşılaşılmadı. Fenilpropanolamin tedavisinin başarısız olduğu veya istenilen düzeyde etkili olmadığı köpekler ve PPA tedavisine dirençli hale gelen köpeklerde PPA 14 gün süreyle östriol (1 mg/kg, per os) ile kombine edildi. Fenilpropanolamin estriol kombinasyonu tedavisine alınan toplam 8 köpekten 5’inde (%62,5) tedavi sonunda idrar tutamama semptomları ortadan kalkarken, 1 köpekte (%12,5) semptomlar azaldı. Sonuç olarak, kısırlaştırılmış dişi köpeklerde üretral sfinkter mekanizması yetersizliği tedavisinde PPA’nın günde bir 1,5 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı dozunda uygulanması etkili olmakta, ucuz ve pratik bir tedavi seçeneği sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, uzun dönem PPA tedavisi sırasında idrar tutamama tekrarlayabilmekte ve PPA östriol kombinasyonu, PPA tedavisinin tatmin edici yanıt vermediği köpeklerde etkili olmaktadır

Keywords

• Fenilpropanolamin
• kısırlaştırılmış dişi köpek
• östriol
• üretral sfinkter mekanizması yetersizliği

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