Macro anatomical investigations of the cranial cervical ganglion in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

Abstract

In this study, left and right cranial cervical ganglia (ganglion cervicale craniale) of 9 (6 male, 3 female) roe deer, weighing 20-30 kg were inspected macro anatomically. The cranial cervical ganglion (CCG) was found at ventral of the atlas, caudal of the pharynx, medial retropharyngeal lymph node and levator veli palatini muscle, cranial to the divergence place to final branches of common carotid artery. The internal carotid nerve and jugular nerve ramified from the cranial end of CCG. The jugular nerve gave branches that merged with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. The internal carotid nerve varied among cadavers regarding the number of branches (2, 3 or 4). The CCG gave thin nerve branches that reached to various anatomical structures including wall of the pharynx, the first cervical, accessory, hypoglossal and vagus nerves. The external carotid nerves, with one or two branches, also originated from different areas of CCG. The nerves ramified as two branches from CCG and formed a plexus at the ventral of the caudal part of CCG. This plexus gave thin branches to the nearby anatomical structures at that region. In conclusion, nerves ramifying from CCG of the roe deer varied in number among cadavers. The number and course of these nerves, especially external carotid nerves, were observed different than other species

Keywords

• Anatomy
• cranial cervical ganglion
• roe deer

Karacada (Capreolus capreolus) ganglion cervicale craniale’nin makroanatomik olarak incelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 20-30 kg canlı ağırlığında 9 adet (6 erkek ve 3 dişi) karacanın (Capreolus capreolus) sağlı sollu ganglion cervicale craniale’si makro-anatomik olarak incelendi. Ganglion cervicale craniale’nin, atlas’ın ventral’inde, pharynx, ln. retropharyngeus medialis ve m. levator veli palatini’nin caudal’inde, a. carotis communis’in son kollarının cranial’inde yer aldığı görüldü. Ganglion cervicale craniale’nin cranial ucundan; n. caroticus internus ve n. jugularis’in ayrıldığı, n. jugularis’den de n. vagus ve n. glossopharyngeus’a sinir kollarının çıktığı belirlendi. Kadavralar arasında farklı sayıda olan n. caroticus internus’un 2, 3 yada 4 koldan oluştuğu saptandı. Ganglion cervicale craniale pharynx, n. vagus, n. accessorius, n. hypoglossus ve 1. servikal sinir (n. cervicalis primus) gibi farklı anatomik yapılara ince sinir kolları vermekteydi. Nn. carotici externi’nin ganglion’un farklı bölgelerinden bir yada iki kol olarak başlangıç aldığı görüldü. İki kol olarak başlangıç alan nn. carotici externi’nin, ganglion’un caudal yarımının ventral’inde bir plexus şekillendirdiği, bu plexus’tan çevredeki anatomik yapılara ince kollar ayrıldığı belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, karacanın ganglion cervicale craniale’sinden ayrılan sinirlerin sayısı materyaller arasında değişkendi. Bu sinirlerin, özellikle de nn. carotici externi’nin, sayısı ve seyri diğer türlerden farklı bulundu

Keywords

• Anatomi
• ganglion cervicale craniale
• karaca

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