Profilaktik amaçla formaline maruz bırakma çipura (Sparus aurata) ve levrek (Dicentrarchus labrax)için stres kaynağı mıdır?

Abstract

Çalışmada, çipura (Sparus aurata) ve levrek (Dicentrarchus labrax) balıklarını profilaktik amaçla formaline banyo şeklinde maruz bırakmanın ardından meydana gelen stres araştırılmıştır. Stres indikatörlerinden; plazma kortisol, glukoz, kalsiyum (Ca), fosfor (P), sodyum (Na), potasyum (K), klorür (Cl), magnezyum (Mg), hematokrit ile non spesifik immunite parametrelerinden; C-reactive protein (CRP) ve seruloplazmin ölçümleriyle stres olgusu değerlendirilmiştir. Balıklar, ayrı ayrı olmak üzere 150 ppm formalin konsantrasyonuna 60 dakika süreyle maruz bırakılmışlardır. Belirtilen parametrelerin analizi için, balıklar formalin uygulamasından hemen sonra; ve uygulamanın ardından taze deniz suyunda 24 ile 48 saat bekletme (iyileşme periyodu) sonrasında örneklenmiştir. Plazma kortisol seviyesi hem çipura hem levrek balıklarında formaline maruz kalma sonrası artmıştır ancak, levrek balıklarında plazma kortisol seviyesi 48 saat içinde azalmıştır. Çipura ve levrek balıklarında plazma glukoz değerleri, kontrole göre, sırasıyla 2 ve 3 kat daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Plazma glukoz değerleri her iki balıkta da 48 saat süresince yüksek kalmıştır. Plazma elektrolit değerleri, formalin uygulamasının ardından ve iyileşme periyodu boyunca, farklı zaman profili ile balık türüne bağlı olarak dalgalanmalar göstermiştir. Çipurada plazma P, Mg and Cl değerleri formalin uygulamasından etkilenmez iken, levrekte plazma Na ve Cl değerleri formalin uygulamasını takiben değişim göstermemiştir. Hematokrit değerleri her iki balık türünde de formalin uygulamasının ardından değişim göstermemiştir. Non spesifik bağışıklık parametrelerinden C-reaktif protein (CRP) ve seruloplazmin formalin uygulamasından etkilenmiştir. CRP seviyesi, çipurada uygulamadan sonra düşmüş ve 48 saat iyileşme periyodu boyunca yükselmemiştir. Levrekte ise formalin uygulamasından sonra artmış ve 48 saat içinde kontrol değerlerine dönmüştür. Seruloplazmin seviyesi her iki balık türünde de formaline maruz kalmadan sonra azalmış ve 48 saatlik iyileşme peryodunda normal değerlere dönmemiştir. Sonuçlar, formalin uygulamasının hem çipura hem levrek için potansiyel olarak stres yaratan bir uygulama olduğunu göstermiştir

Keywords

• Formalin uygulama
• çipura
• levrek
• stres indikatörleri

Is prophylactic formalin exposure a stress source for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)?

Abstract

Stress in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) externally exposed to formalin was evaluated by measuring stress indicators; plasma cortisol, glucose, calcium (Ca), phophorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), magnesium (Mg), hematocrit, and innate immunity parameters; C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin. Fish were separately exposed to formalin at a concentration of 150 ppm for 60 min. The parameters were analyzed for sea bream and sea bass exposed to antimicrobial agents soon after treatment and fish exposed to antimicrobial agents after 24 h and 48 h (recovery) following the treatments. Plasma cortisol levels increased after exposure in both sea bream and sea bass however, plasma cortisol recovered in sea bass within 48 h. Plasma glucose values in exposed sea bream and sea bass were 2-fold and 3-fold higher than controls, respectively. Plasma glucose values remained high in 48 h recovery. Plasma electrolytes after exposure and during recovery showed fluctuated results, with different time profile and fish species. While plasma P, Mg and Cl were not affected by formalin exposure in sea bream, plasma Na and Cl remained unchanged in sea bass exposed to formalin. Hematocrit values in sea bream and sea bass did not change after formalin exposure. Innate immunity parameters measured in this study; C-reactive protein (CRP) and ceruloplasmin changed after formalin exposure. CRP levels in sea bream decreased after exposure and did not return to control values in recovery period. However, CRP levels in sea bass increased soon after exposure and decreased to control levels within 48 h recovery. Ceruloplasmin values decreased after formalin exposure both in sea bream and sea bass and did not return to control values within 48 h recovery. The results demonstrated that formalin exposure represents potentially stressful event for sea bream and sea bass when considered the elevated plasma cortisol, glucose, disrupted hydromineral balance, altered CRP and ceruloplasmin

Keywords

• Formalin exposure
• gilthead sea bream
• sea bass
• stress indicators

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