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ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ

Year 2024, Issue: 63, 109 - 130, 28.06.2024

Abstract

Doğal afetler, geçmişten günümüze kadar canlıların hayatını olumsuz etkileyen ve özellikle endüstrileşme sonucu insanların faaliyetleri ile de giderek çeşitlenen büyük çaplı olay ve tehlikelerdir. Söz konusu afetler dünyanın tüm ülkelerinin ekonomilerini kötü etkilemekte, fiziksel ve beşeri sermayeye, kamu altyapısına zarar vermekte, toplu mal ve can kayıplarına yol açmaktadır. Özellikle az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yaşanacak herhangi bir afetin olası etkileri uzun süre telafi edilemeyecek düzeyde olmaktadır. İklimsel özellikleri, jeopolitik konumu, insanların bilinçli ya da bilinçsiz faaliyetleri gibi nedenlerle Arnavutluk’ta da zaman zaman çeşitli afetler meydana gelmektedir. Arnavutluk’ta son yıllarda yaşanan iklim değişikliği etkileri ve çeşitli sebepler, afetlere ve afetlerin olumsuz etkilerine karşı ülkenin direncini giderek daha fazla etkilemektedir. Devlet otoriteleri tarafından afetler için gerekli önlemler alınmadıkça ve uygun eylem planları geliştirilmedikçe Arnavutluk’ta yaşanacak olası bir afette can ve mal kaybının oluşması kaçınılmaz olacaktır. Bu çalışma kapsamında Arnavutluk’un afetselliği ve 2019 Durrës depremi genel hatları ile ele alınmıştır. İlave olarak Arnavutluk’un söz konusu afetler ile mücadele yöntem önerileri ve afet risk yönetimi süreçleri ile ilgili yasal çerçevesi hususu çeşitli açılardan değerlendirilmiştir.

References

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  • Akdur, Recep, Afetler ve Afetlerde Sağlık Hizmetleri, Türkiye Sorunlarına Çözüm Konferansı-3, 21. Yüzyılda Türkiye, Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi, Ankara, 25-27 Ocak 2000, ss. 1-17.
  • Blanfuné, Aurélie, Charles François Boudouresque, Marc Verlaque, Sajmir Beqiraj, Lefter Kashta, Ina Nasto, Stela Ruci and Thierry Thibaut. “Response of rocky shore communities to anthropogenic pressures in Albania (Mediterranean Sea): ecological status assessment through the CARLIT method”, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Elsevier, vol.109, issue 1, August 2016, pp. 409-418.
  • Bon, Nataša Gregorič, Damir Josipovičb and Urša Kanjir. “Linking geomorphological and demographic movements: The case of Southern Albania”, Applied Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100, November 2018, pp. 55-67.
  • Carcaillet, Julien, Jean Louis Mugnier, Rexhep Koçi and François Jouanne. “Uplift and active tectonics of southern Albania inferred from incision of alluvial terraces”, Quaternary Research, Elsevier, vol. 71, issue 3, May 2009, pp. 465–476.
  • Cinaj, Valbona and Rebeka Ribaj. “Macroeconomic Impact of Natural Disasters in Albania”, "Ovidius" University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, ResearchGate, vol. XXI, issue 1, 2021, pp. 59-66.
  • Daja, Shkelqim, Ç. Durmishi, Agim Sinojmerir and S. Najaz. “Landslides susceptibility in the central part of Albanian coast”, EDP Sciences, ResearchGate, May 2011, pp. 1-9.
  • Dhima, Maksimiljan. “An interview with Mr. Maksimiljan Dhima, former Sendai Framework Focal point for Albania”, UNDRR- United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 4.3.2020, https://www.undrr.org/news/interview-mr-maksimiljan-dhima-former-sendai-framework-focal-point-albania, Erişim: 17.12.2023
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  • Govorčin, Marin, Shimon Wdowinski, Bojan Matoš, and Gareth Funning. “Geodetic source modelling of the 2019, Mw 6.3 Durrës, Albania earthquake: partial rupture of a blind reverse fault”, Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 47, issue 22, November 2020, pp. 1-11.
  • Işık, Özden, Hakan Mehmet Aydınlıoğlu, Selma Koç, Oğuz Güdoğdu, Gülcan Korkmaz ve Asiye Ay. “Afet Yönetimi ve Afet Odaklı Sağlık Hizmetleri”, Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi, Elsevier, 28(Ek sayı 2), 2012, ss. 82-123.
  • Kacollja, Darina Çoni and Albana Madh. “The Albania Earthquake of 2019: Causes of Damage to the Buildings and Its Social Consequences”, Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 9, no 7, 2021, pp. 2381-2388.
  • Kınıklı, Sami ve Salih Cesur. “Afetlerde enfeksiyon control önlemleri”, International Journal of Contemporary Health Sciences, Dergipark, vol. 1, no 1, 2020, ss. 15-23.
  • Leaning, Jennifer. “Disasters and Emergency Planning”, International Encyclopedia of Public Health, Elsevier, 2008, pp. 204-215.
  • Markoski, Andrew, Olivia Caton, Jeffrey Tallan and Emily Osterloh. “Forest Fire Risk Reduction in Albania: Using Drone Systems to Improve Current Methods of Fire Prevention, Monitoring, and Extinguishing”, 12 December 2019, Report Submitted to: leaning Bahja, EXINN Technology Center, Professors Robert Hersh and Robert Kinicki, Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
  • Mihaljeviç, Jadranka, Rrapo Ormeni and Lilit Gevorgyan. “Opinion: What we can learn from the 2019 earthquake in Albania”, UNDRR-United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 4.3.2020, https://www.undrr.org/news/opinion-what-we-can-learn-2019-earthquake-albania, Erişim: 17.12.2023
  • Ministria e Mbrojtjes. “Ulusal Sivil Savunma Ajansı”, 2023, https://www.mod.gov.al/ministria/ strukturat-vartese/akmc, Erişim: 22.10.2023
  • Modugno, Sirio, Heiko Balzter, Beth Cole and Pasquale Borrelli. “Mapping regional patterns of large forest fires in WildlandeUrban Interface areas in Europ”, Journal of Environmental Management, Elsevier, vol. 172, May 2016, pp. 112-126.
  • Özşahin, Emre. “Arnavutluk’ta Taşkın Risk Analizi”, Uluslararası Avrasya Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2013, cilt 4, sayı 12, ss. 91-109.
  • Pazzi, Veronica, Stefano Morelli, Francesco Fidolini, Elvis Krymi, Nicola Casagli and Riccardo. “Testing cost-effective methodologies for flood and seismic vulnerability assessment in communities of developing countries (Dajç, northern Albania)”, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol. 7, no 3, 2016, pp. 971-999.
  • Pezzo, Giuseppe, Mimmo Palano and Claudio Chiarabba. “Rotation at subduction margins: How complexity at fault-scale (the 2019 Albanian Mw 6.4 earthquake) mirrors the regional deformation”, Terra Nova, Wiley-Online Library, vol. 34, ıssue 3, June 2022, pp. 224-252.
  • Pojani, Elona, Edlira Luci, Perseta Grabova, and Danijela Ciric. “Financing Means for Disaster Risk Management - The Case of Albania”, 1st International Symposium K-Force 2017, Research-Gate, Novi Sad, September 2017, pp. 14-15.
  • Selenica, Agim, Mehmet Ardicioglu ve Alban Kuriqi. “Risk assessment from floodings in the rivers of Albania”, International Balkans Conference on Challenges of Civil Engineering, BCCCE, ResearchGate, 19-21 May 2011, Tirana, pp. 1-8.
  • Stănică, Dragoș Armand and Dumitru Stanică. “Possible Correlations between the ULF Geomagnetic Signature and Mw6.4 Coastal Earthquake, Albania, on 26 November 2019”, Entropy, Basel, February 2021, 23(233), pp. 3-9.
  • Şen, Gülhan. “Yerel Yönetimlerde Afetlere Hazırlık ve Zarar Azaltma Sorumlulukları: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Örneği”, KAYSEM 10 Sempozyumu, ResearchGate, İzmir, 5-7 Mayıs 2016, ss. 935-966.
  • The World Factbook. "Albania", 2023, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/albania/, Erişim: 10.6.2023
  • TurizmNews. “Ohri Gölü kıyıları otel ve beton yapıların işgali altında”, 9.7.2021, https://www.turizmnews.com/ohri-golu-kiyilari-otel-ve-beton-yapilarin-isgali-altinda/23656/, Erişim: 10.6.2023
  • UNDRR-United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. “Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2023: Europe and Central Asia”, 2023, Geneva.
  • Yılmaz, Sarper. “2020’de Türkiye ve Dünyada En Sık Görülen Doğal Afetler”, 15.1.2022, https://tatd.org.tr/afet/afet-yazi-dizisi/2020de-turkiye-ve-dunyada-en-sik-gorulen-dogal-afetler/, Erişim: 22.10.2023
  • Zenelaj, Engjellushe and Myzafer Elezi. “Geography of Environmental Crime in Albania Damage, Cutting and Burned of Forests”, American Journal of Environmental Protection, vol. 1, no 4, 2013, pp.102-108.
  • Zhang, Xiaosen, Jane Reed, Jack H. Lacey, Alexander Francke, Melanie J. Leng, Zlatko Levkov and Bernd Wagner. “Complexity of diatom response to Lateglacial and Holocene climate and environmental change in ancient, deep and oligotrophic Lake Ohrid (Macedonia and Albania)”, Biogeosciences, vol. 13, March 2016, pp. 1351–1365.
Year 2024, Issue: 63, 109 - 130, 28.06.2024

Abstract

References

  • AFAD, "Afet Türleri", 2023, https://www.afad.gov.tr/afet-turleri, Erişim: 22.10.2023
  • Akdur, Recep, Afetler ve Afetlerde Sağlık Hizmetleri, Türkiye Sorunlarına Çözüm Konferansı-3, 21. Yüzyılda Türkiye, Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi, Ankara, 25-27 Ocak 2000, ss. 1-17.
  • Blanfuné, Aurélie, Charles François Boudouresque, Marc Verlaque, Sajmir Beqiraj, Lefter Kashta, Ina Nasto, Stela Ruci and Thierry Thibaut. “Response of rocky shore communities to anthropogenic pressures in Albania (Mediterranean Sea): ecological status assessment through the CARLIT method”, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Elsevier, vol.109, issue 1, August 2016, pp. 409-418.
  • Bon, Nataša Gregorič, Damir Josipovičb and Urša Kanjir. “Linking geomorphological and demographic movements: The case of Southern Albania”, Applied Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100, November 2018, pp. 55-67.
  • Carcaillet, Julien, Jean Louis Mugnier, Rexhep Koçi and François Jouanne. “Uplift and active tectonics of southern Albania inferred from incision of alluvial terraces”, Quaternary Research, Elsevier, vol. 71, issue 3, May 2009, pp. 465–476.
  • Cinaj, Valbona and Rebeka Ribaj. “Macroeconomic Impact of Natural Disasters in Albania”, "Ovidius" University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, ResearchGate, vol. XXI, issue 1, 2021, pp. 59-66.
  • Daja, Shkelqim, Ç. Durmishi, Agim Sinojmerir and S. Najaz. “Landslides susceptibility in the central part of Albanian coast”, EDP Sciences, ResearchGate, May 2011, pp. 1-9.
  • Dhima, Maksimiljan. “An interview with Mr. Maksimiljan Dhima, former Sendai Framework Focal point for Albania”, UNDRR- United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 4.3.2020, https://www.undrr.org/news/interview-mr-maksimiljan-dhima-former-sendai-framework-focal-point-albania, Erişim: 17.12.2023
  • Ekolojist.net. “Erozyon Nasıl Önlenir?”, 19.3.2018, https://ekolojist.net/erozyon-nasil-onlenir/, Erişim: 10.6.2023
  • Faranda, Davide. “An attempt to explain recent changes in European snowfall extremes”, Weather Clim. Dynam., vol. 1, issue 2, September 2020, pp. 1-25.
  • Govorčin, Marin, Shimon Wdowinski, Bojan Matoš, and Gareth Funning. “Geodetic source modelling of the 2019, Mw 6.3 Durrës, Albania earthquake: partial rupture of a blind reverse fault”, Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 47, issue 22, November 2020, pp. 1-11.
  • Işık, Özden, Hakan Mehmet Aydınlıoğlu, Selma Koç, Oğuz Güdoğdu, Gülcan Korkmaz ve Asiye Ay. “Afet Yönetimi ve Afet Odaklı Sağlık Hizmetleri”, Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi, Elsevier, 28(Ek sayı 2), 2012, ss. 82-123.
  • Kacollja, Darina Çoni and Albana Madh. “The Albania Earthquake of 2019: Causes of Damage to the Buildings and Its Social Consequences”, Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 9, no 7, 2021, pp. 2381-2388.
  • Kınıklı, Sami ve Salih Cesur. “Afetlerde enfeksiyon control önlemleri”, International Journal of Contemporary Health Sciences, Dergipark, vol. 1, no 1, 2020, ss. 15-23.
  • Leaning, Jennifer. “Disasters and Emergency Planning”, International Encyclopedia of Public Health, Elsevier, 2008, pp. 204-215.
  • Markoski, Andrew, Olivia Caton, Jeffrey Tallan and Emily Osterloh. “Forest Fire Risk Reduction in Albania: Using Drone Systems to Improve Current Methods of Fire Prevention, Monitoring, and Extinguishing”, 12 December 2019, Report Submitted to: leaning Bahja, EXINN Technology Center, Professors Robert Hersh and Robert Kinicki, Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
  • Mihaljeviç, Jadranka, Rrapo Ormeni and Lilit Gevorgyan. “Opinion: What we can learn from the 2019 earthquake in Albania”, UNDRR-United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 4.3.2020, https://www.undrr.org/news/opinion-what-we-can-learn-2019-earthquake-albania, Erişim: 17.12.2023
  • Ministria e Mbrojtjes. “Ulusal Sivil Savunma Ajansı”, 2023, https://www.mod.gov.al/ministria/ strukturat-vartese/akmc, Erişim: 22.10.2023
  • Modugno, Sirio, Heiko Balzter, Beth Cole and Pasquale Borrelli. “Mapping regional patterns of large forest fires in WildlandeUrban Interface areas in Europ”, Journal of Environmental Management, Elsevier, vol. 172, May 2016, pp. 112-126.
  • Özşahin, Emre. “Arnavutluk’ta Taşkın Risk Analizi”, Uluslararası Avrasya Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2013, cilt 4, sayı 12, ss. 91-109.
  • Pazzi, Veronica, Stefano Morelli, Francesco Fidolini, Elvis Krymi, Nicola Casagli and Riccardo. “Testing cost-effective methodologies for flood and seismic vulnerability assessment in communities of developing countries (Dajç, northern Albania)”, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol. 7, no 3, 2016, pp. 971-999.
  • Pezzo, Giuseppe, Mimmo Palano and Claudio Chiarabba. “Rotation at subduction margins: How complexity at fault-scale (the 2019 Albanian Mw 6.4 earthquake) mirrors the regional deformation”, Terra Nova, Wiley-Online Library, vol. 34, ıssue 3, June 2022, pp. 224-252.
  • Pojani, Elona, Edlira Luci, Perseta Grabova, and Danijela Ciric. “Financing Means for Disaster Risk Management - The Case of Albania”, 1st International Symposium K-Force 2017, Research-Gate, Novi Sad, September 2017, pp. 14-15.
  • Selenica, Agim, Mehmet Ardicioglu ve Alban Kuriqi. “Risk assessment from floodings in the rivers of Albania”, International Balkans Conference on Challenges of Civil Engineering, BCCCE, ResearchGate, 19-21 May 2011, Tirana, pp. 1-8.
  • Stănică, Dragoș Armand and Dumitru Stanică. “Possible Correlations between the ULF Geomagnetic Signature and Mw6.4 Coastal Earthquake, Albania, on 26 November 2019”, Entropy, Basel, February 2021, 23(233), pp. 3-9.
  • Şen, Gülhan. “Yerel Yönetimlerde Afetlere Hazırlık ve Zarar Azaltma Sorumlulukları: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Örneği”, KAYSEM 10 Sempozyumu, ResearchGate, İzmir, 5-7 Mayıs 2016, ss. 935-966.
  • The World Factbook. "Albania", 2023, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/albania/, Erişim: 10.6.2023
  • TurizmNews. “Ohri Gölü kıyıları otel ve beton yapıların işgali altında”, 9.7.2021, https://www.turizmnews.com/ohri-golu-kiyilari-otel-ve-beton-yapilarin-isgali-altinda/23656/, Erişim: 10.6.2023
  • UNDRR-United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. “Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2023: Europe and Central Asia”, 2023, Geneva.
  • Yılmaz, Sarper. “2020’de Türkiye ve Dünyada En Sık Görülen Doğal Afetler”, 15.1.2022, https://tatd.org.tr/afet/afet-yazi-dizisi/2020de-turkiye-ve-dunyada-en-sik-gorulen-dogal-afetler/, Erişim: 22.10.2023
  • Zenelaj, Engjellushe and Myzafer Elezi. “Geography of Environmental Crime in Albania Damage, Cutting and Burned of Forests”, American Journal of Environmental Protection, vol. 1, no 4, 2013, pp.102-108.
  • Zhang, Xiaosen, Jane Reed, Jack H. Lacey, Alexander Francke, Melanie J. Leng, Zlatko Levkov and Bernd Wagner. “Complexity of diatom response to Lateglacial and Holocene climate and environmental change in ancient, deep and oligotrophic Lake Ohrid (Macedonia and Albania)”, Biogeosciences, vol. 13, March 2016, pp. 1351–1365.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Disaster and Emergency Management
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hatice Zehra Büyüktavşan 0000-0002-2667-5351

Publication Date June 28, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 63

Cite

APA Büyüktavşan, H. Z. (2024). ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ. Avrasya Etüdleri(63), 109-130.
AMA Büyüktavşan HZ. ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ. Avrasya Etüdleri. June 2024;(63):109-130.
Chicago Büyüktavşan, Hatice Zehra. “ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ”. Avrasya Etüdleri, no. 63 (June 2024): 109-30.
EndNote Büyüktavşan HZ (June 1, 2024) ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ. Avrasya Etüdleri 63 109–130.
IEEE H. Z. Büyüktavşan, “ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ”, Avrasya Etüdleri, no. 63, pp. 109–130, June 2024.
ISNAD Büyüktavşan, Hatice Zehra. “ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ”. Avrasya Etüdleri 63 (June 2024), 109-130.
JAMA Büyüktavşan HZ. ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ. Avrasya Etüdleri. 2024;:109–130.
MLA Büyüktavşan, Hatice Zehra. “ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ”. Avrasya Etüdleri, no. 63, 2024, pp. 109-30.
Vancouver Büyüktavşan HZ. ARNAVUTLUK’UN AFETSELLİĞİ VE 2019 DURRËS DEPREMİ. Avrasya Etüdleri. 2024(63):109-30.