COVID-19 Enfeksiyonuna Genel Bir Bakış

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: COVID-19, 156 - 160, 13.07.2020

Abdurrahman Yılmaz

Öz

İnsan ve hayvan patojeni olan koranavirüs tek sarmallı zarflı bir RNA virüsüdür. Çinin Hubei Eyaleti Wuhan kentinde başlayan koronavirüs salgını, bugün bir pandemi haline gelmiştir. Toplam vaka sayısı tüm dünyada 12 milyonu geçmiş ve ülkemizde ise 210 bin rakamına ulaşmıştır. Bu vakaların büyük çoğunluğu Amerika, Brezilya ve Hindistanda görülmektedir. Özellikle Amerika Birleşik Devletleri şu anda salgının merkez üssü haline gelmiştir. Covid-19’dan ölenlerin sayısı tüm dünyada 540 bin civarındadır ve ülkemizde bugüne kadar 5260 kişi hayatını kaybetmiştir. Dünyada farklı tedavi modelleri uygulanırken, ülkemizde Sağlık bakanlığının bilim kurulunun tavsiyeleri ile tedavi şemaları belirlenmiş ve uygulanmaktadır. Koronavirüs enfeksiyonunda viral saçılım semptomların başlamasından 1-2 gün önce başlamakta ve semptomların ortaya çıkış döneminde viral yük boğaz sürüntülerinde doruğa çıkmaktadır. Sosyal mesafe kurallarına uyulması, el hijyenine dikkat edilmesi yine hastalığın yayılmasını engellemek için önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Özellikle maske kullanımı hastalığın bulaş oranını ciddi anlamda düşürmektedir. Salgının ilk başladığı günden günümüze kadar tedavi şemalarında değişiklikler olsa da salgınla mücadelede önemli yol kat edilmiş, mortalite oranlarında ve yoğun bakım yatış sürelerinde ciddi azalmalar sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coronavirus, Covid-19, Pandemi, Tedavi ve yaklaşım

An Overview of COVID-19 Infection

Öz

The coronavirus outbreak, which is the single-stranded envelope Rna virus with human and animal pathogen that started in Wuhan, China’s Hubei Province, stands before us as a pandemic today. The total number of patients has exceeded 8 million in the world and 180 thousand has been reached in our country. While the number of deaths from COVID-19 has been 438 thousand all over the world, 4842 people have died in our country so far. While applying different treatment modalities in the world, treatment schemes have been determined with the recommendations of the ministry of health science committee in our country. Viral spreading starts 1-2 days before the onset of symptoms. The viral load rises in the throat swabs during the emergence of symptoms. Social rules and isolation also play a substantial role in preventing the transmission of the condition. In particular, the use of masks significantly reduces the transmission rate of the disease. Although there have been changes in the treatment schemes since the outbreak started, important progress has been made in fighting the epidemic, and serious reductions in mortality rates and intensive care hospitalization times have been achieved.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coronavirus, Covid-19, Pandemic, Treatment and approach

Kaynakça

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