Otlanma Tarzı Yeme Davranışı (Grazing) Nedir?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 29.01.2021

Ali Mert Beşenek Cicek Hocaoglu

Öz

Otlanma (Grazing); hakkında halen daha özgün ve kesin bir tanı için yeterli çalışma ve görüş birliği bulunmayan, uzun yıllar boyunca yazında çokçeşitli şekillerde isimlendirilmiş ve tanımlanmış, diğer yeme bozuklukları ve davranışları ile çok sık birlikte bulunabilen normal dışı bir yemedavranışıdır. Son dönemdeki çalışmalarda; “tekrarlayıcı doğada”, “az miktarda besin alımı” ve “plansız” olması şeklinde üç ana özelliğindenbahsedilmektedir. Olumsuz tanımlamaların yanında; ‘atıştırma’nın obezitenin psikolojik tedavisinde hedeflenen “uzun zaman periyodundatekrarlanan az miktar besin alımı” ile karakterize sağlıklı bir yeme davranışı olduğunu öne süren araştırmacılar da mevcuttur. Obezite tedavisiiçin başvuran hastalarda yaygınlık oranı %33.2 iken; genel nüfustaki obezlerde %23.32 oranında görülmektedir. ‘Atıştırma’ davranışı; enfazla tıkınırcasına yeme bozukluğu (TYB) olmak üzere yeme bozuklukları ile çok sık birlikte bulunmaktadır. ‘Atıştırma’ olgularında yeğindepresif bozukluk ve kaygı bozuklukları oranları, stres düzeyleri, duygudurum düzenleme sorunları daha yüksek saptanırken; dürtüsellik ileilişkisini araştıran çalışmaların sonuçları çelişkilidir. Bu bulgular ışığında bilişsel davranışçı terapi veya diyalektik davranışçı terapilerin etkiliolabilecekleri düşünülmektedir. Obez bireyler içerisinde TYB saptanan grupta çok çeşitli normal dışı yeme davranışları görülebileceği gözönünde bulundurulursa; özellikle TYB’ndaki ‘atıştırma’ davranışının, hem klinik değerlendirmenin hem de tedavi girişimlerinin ayrılmaz birparçası olması gerektiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Atipik Yeme Davranışı, Grazing, Yeme Bozuklukları

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

What is ‘Grazing’?

Öz

‘Grazing’ is an atypical eating behavior which; lacks scientific studies and consensus for specific and accurate definition, has been namedand defined in different ways in literature and may be present as comorbidity to other eating disorders and behaviors. In recent studies,“being in a repetative nature”, “consuming small amounts of food” and “being unplanned” have been defined as three core features of ‘grazing’.In addition to the negative definitions of ‘grazing’; there are some researchers who claim that ‘grazing’ is a healthy eating behavior thatis characterized by “consuming small amounts of food repetatively in a long period of time” which is also the targeted eating behavior inpsychological treatment of obesity. Prevalence of ‘grazing’ in clinical sample of obese patients referred for treatment is 33.2%, while it’s23.32% in the obese individuals in the community sample. ‘Grazing’ is frequently seen together with eating disorders; mostly with bingeeatingdisorder (BED). Major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders’ rates, stress levels, affective and cognitive dysregulation are foundhigher in people with ‘grazing’; while studies about relationship between impulsivity and ‘grazing’ give conflicting results. In line with thesefindings, cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavioral therapies are thought to be effective in handling with this atypical eatingpattern. If we take into account the fact that there can be many different atypical eating behaviors in obese BED patients; it’s safe to say that‘grazing’ should be an inseperable part of both clinical evaluation and treatment interventions of eating disorders especially BED.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Atypical Eating Behavior, Eating Disorders, Grazing

Proje Numarası

yok

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