Folik Asit ve Konjenital Kalp Hastalıkları Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 123 - 129, 30.05.2024

Ferda Koç , Hatice Aybüke Çalışkan , Tuğba Küçükkasap Cömert

https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1313869

Abstract

Konjenital kalp hastalıkları (KKH), doğum öncesi, doğumda veya yaşamın ilerleyen dönemlerinde saptanabilen yapısal kalp kusurları olarak tanımlanmaktadır. KKH etiyolojisinin karmaşık olduğu, muhtemelen çevresel etmenler ve kalıtsal faktörlerin etkileşimi ile ortaya çıktığı kabul edilmektedir. Maternal mikro besin ögesi durumu, bebeklerde KKH riski ile ilişkili olarak gözlenmektedir. Folik asit (FA), folatın sentetik şeklidir. Literatürü incelediğimizde, yapılan çalışmalarda gebelerde FA desteğinin bebeklerde doğumsal hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasında koruyucu bir etken olduğu görülmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalara göre gebelerde ve yenidoğanlardaki FA takviyesinin KKH insidansı üzerine de faydası olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Amaç: Bu derlemede folik asit takviyesinin gebelik öncesi ve gebelik sürecinde alımının yenidoğandaki konjenital kalp hastalıkları görülme riski ile ilgili yapılan bilimsel çalışmaları bildirmek amaçlanmaktadır.
Sonuç: Gebelik öncesinden itibaren ve gebelik süresince alınan folik asit takviyesinin yenidoğanda konjenital kalp hastalıkları riskini önemli derecede azalttığı, bunun yanısıra etkinlik düzeyi de birçok bilimsel çalışmayla bildirilmiş olup, kesinliği üzerinde daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

folik asit, konjenital kalp hastalıkları, gebelik, gebelik öncesi

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOLIC ACID AND CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES

Abstract

Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are defined as structural heart defects that can be detected before birth, at birth, or later in life. It is accepted that the etiology of CHD is complex, possibly resulting from the interaction of environmental factors and hereditary factors. Maternal micronutrient status is observed to be associated with the risk of CHD in infants. Folic acid (FA) is the synthetic form of folate. When we examine the literature, it is seen that FA supplementation in pregnant women is a protective factor in the emergence of congenital diseases in infants. According to studies, FA supplementation in pregnant women and newborns is also thought to be beneficial to the incidence of CHD.
Literature has been examined for this review article, and it is seen that FA supplementation in pregnant women is a protective factor in the emergence of many birth defects in babies. This review, it is aimed to report the scientific studies on the risk of congenital heart diseases in newborns when folic acid supplementation is taken before and during pregnancy.
In conclusion, folic acid supplementation is taken before and during pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of congenital heart diseases in the newborn, as well as its effectiveness has been reported by many scientific studies. Congenital heart diseases are one of the biggest issues in newborn infants, as the common cause of death, but uneasy to diagnose, and it is important to raise awareness among expectant mothers who are considering pregnancy.

Keywords

folic acid, congenital heart diseases, pregnancy, pre-pregnancy

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