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FROM NEUTRALITY TO ALIGNMENT: THE FORMATION OF NATO AND TURKISH BIDS FOR MEMBERSHIP

Year 2010, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 57 - 68, 01.12.2010

Abstract

The formation of NATO was a responce by the United States to the security questions of the Western Europe and North Atlantic region. Turkey also faced with a serious threat from the Soviet Union. Turkey‟s attempts of entering NATO shaped Turkish security polices as well as her relations with the rest of the world. Turkish membership to NATO can be regarded a solution to her security problems, but it may well be argued that the main cause behind that policy was the continuation of the polices of westernization and modernization. The obvious short term factor behind Turkish desire was the Soviet threat. But at the same time the ideolojical aspirations in becoming an integral part- at least in term of military alliance- of Western world without any doubt played a decisive role in Turkey‟s decision.

References

  • Ahmad, F. (1977). The Turkish Ezperiment in Democracy 1950-1975,London: C Hurst and Company.
  • Aldrich, Richard and Zametica, (1992). “The Rise and Decline of a Strategic Concept, The Middle East, 194551”, in British Intelligence Strategy and the Cold War, 1945-51, Edited by Richard J. Aldrich, pp. 236-274, London: Routledge,
  • Armstrong,H., F. (1951), “Eisenhower‟s Right Flank”,Foreign Affairs, vol. 29, no. 3, July.
  • BDPO (Documents of British Policy Overseas), Series 2, vol. 2, no. 81, “Brief by Bateman for Mr. Bevin, RK 1071/9, Foreign Office, 9 May 1950.
  • Boll, M. M., (1979), “Turkey‟s New National Security Concept: What It Means for NATO”,ORBIS, vol. 23, Fall 1979.
  • D. J. K., (1952), “Greece Turkey and NATO”, World Today, vol. 8, no, 4, April 1952.
  • Devereux, D. R., (1990), The Formulation of British Defence Policy Towards the Middle East 1948-56, London: Macmillan.
  • Documents On International Affairs 1949-1950, (1953)., Selected and Edited by Margaret Carlyle, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London: Oxford University Pres.
  • Erkin, F. C. (1986), Dışişlerinde 34 Yıl: Washington Büyükelçiliği, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayını.
  • Folly, M., H., (1987) “Britain and the Issue of Italian Membership of NATO 1948-49”, Review of International Studies, vol. 13.
  • FRO (Public Record Office) FO: 371/78328-R2680, Conversation between Secratary of State and the Turkish Ambassador, March 3, 1949.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), (1947), vol. 5, June 16, p. 915.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), (1949), Memorandom of Coversation by Secratary of State, Washington, April, 12, 1949.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), 1951, vol. 5, National Intelligence Estimate, Turkey‟s position in the East-West struggle, Washington, February 26, 1951.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), 1952-1954, vol. 8, Telegram, the Ambassador in Turkey to the Department of State, Ankara, January, 21, 1952.
  • Gönlübol, M. and others, (1989). Olaylarla Türk Dış Politikası (Turkish Foreign Policy by Events), Ankara: Akım Pres.
  • Henderson, N.(1982). The Birth of NATO, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson
  • Kaplan, L., S., (1984). The United States and NATO The Formative Years, Kentucky: The University Pres of Kentucky Press.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, A. (1988). “Turkey and the Southern Flank: Domestic and External Context, NATO‟s Southern Allies, London: Routledge.
  • Karpat, H. K. (1972). “Political Developments in Turkey, 1950-1970”, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 8, no. 3, October.
  • Kent, J. and Young, J W. (1992). “The WesternUnion Concept and British Defence Policy”, in British Intelligence, Strategy and the Cold War, 1945-51, London: Routledge.
  • Kuniholm, B. R. (1983). “Turkey and NATO: Present and Future”, ORBIS, vol. 27, Summer 1983.Lefler, M. P. (1992). A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration and the Cold War, Stanford: Stanford University Pres.
  • Louis, R. (1984). The British Empire in the Middle East 1945-1951, Oxford: Clarendon Pres.
  • McGhee, G. (1990). The US-Turkey-NATO-Middle East Connection, New York: Macmillan.
  • Wiebes, C. and Zeeman, B. (1983). “The Pentagon Negotiations March 1948: The Launching of North Atlantic Treaty”, International Affairs, Summer, vol. 59, no. 3.

FROM NEUTRALITY TO ALIGNMENT: THE FORMATION OF NATO AND TURKISH BIDS FOR MEMBERSHIP

Year 2010, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 57 - 68, 01.12.2010

Abstract

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Avrupa’da ortaya çıkan yeni güvenlik sorunları ve özellikle Batı Avrupa’ya da yönelen Sovyet tehdidine karşı ABD’nin öncülüğünde NATO ittifakı kuruldu. Aynı dönemde Türkiye’de kendisini Sovyet tehdidi altında görüyordu. Türkiye’nin NATO’ya girme çabaları Türkiye’nin güvenlik politikalarını ve Batı ile olan ilişkilerini de şekillendirdi. NATO üyeliği, Türkiye açısından, güvenlik sorunlarına bir çözüm olarak görülebilir, fakat bu üye olma arzusunun arkasında modernleşme ve batılılaşma ideolojisinin bulunduğunu söylemek de yanlış olmayacaktır. Kısa dönemde Sovyet tehdidine karşı koymanın hesapları yapılırken, uzun vadede Batı sisteminin ayrılmaz bir parçası olma arzusunun Türk karar alıcılarının temel düşüncesi olduğu söylenebilir.

References

  • Ahmad, F. (1977). The Turkish Ezperiment in Democracy 1950-1975,London: C Hurst and Company.
  • Aldrich, Richard and Zametica, (1992). “The Rise and Decline of a Strategic Concept, The Middle East, 194551”, in British Intelligence Strategy and the Cold War, 1945-51, Edited by Richard J. Aldrich, pp. 236-274, London: Routledge,
  • Armstrong,H., F. (1951), “Eisenhower‟s Right Flank”,Foreign Affairs, vol. 29, no. 3, July.
  • BDPO (Documents of British Policy Overseas), Series 2, vol. 2, no. 81, “Brief by Bateman for Mr. Bevin, RK 1071/9, Foreign Office, 9 May 1950.
  • Boll, M. M., (1979), “Turkey‟s New National Security Concept: What It Means for NATO”,ORBIS, vol. 23, Fall 1979.
  • D. J. K., (1952), “Greece Turkey and NATO”, World Today, vol. 8, no, 4, April 1952.
  • Devereux, D. R., (1990), The Formulation of British Defence Policy Towards the Middle East 1948-56, London: Macmillan.
  • Documents On International Affairs 1949-1950, (1953)., Selected and Edited by Margaret Carlyle, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London: Oxford University Pres.
  • Erkin, F. C. (1986), Dışişlerinde 34 Yıl: Washington Büyükelçiliği, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayını.
  • Folly, M., H., (1987) “Britain and the Issue of Italian Membership of NATO 1948-49”, Review of International Studies, vol. 13.
  • FRO (Public Record Office) FO: 371/78328-R2680, Conversation between Secratary of State and the Turkish Ambassador, March 3, 1949.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), (1947), vol. 5, June 16, p. 915.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), (1949), Memorandom of Coversation by Secratary of State, Washington, April, 12, 1949.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), 1951, vol. 5, National Intelligence Estimate, Turkey‟s position in the East-West struggle, Washington, February 26, 1951.
  • FRUS (Foreign Relations of the United States), 1952-1954, vol. 8, Telegram, the Ambassador in Turkey to the Department of State, Ankara, January, 21, 1952.
  • Gönlübol, M. and others, (1989). Olaylarla Türk Dış Politikası (Turkish Foreign Policy by Events), Ankara: Akım Pres.
  • Henderson, N.(1982). The Birth of NATO, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson
  • Kaplan, L., S., (1984). The United States and NATO The Formative Years, Kentucky: The University Pres of Kentucky Press.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, A. (1988). “Turkey and the Southern Flank: Domestic and External Context, NATO‟s Southern Allies, London: Routledge.
  • Karpat, H. K. (1972). “Political Developments in Turkey, 1950-1970”, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 8, no. 3, October.
  • Kent, J. and Young, J W. (1992). “The WesternUnion Concept and British Defence Policy”, in British Intelligence, Strategy and the Cold War, 1945-51, London: Routledge.
  • Kuniholm, B. R. (1983). “Turkey and NATO: Present and Future”, ORBIS, vol. 27, Summer 1983.Lefler, M. P. (1992). A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration and the Cold War, Stanford: Stanford University Pres.
  • Louis, R. (1984). The British Empire in the Middle East 1945-1951, Oxford: Clarendon Pres.
  • McGhee, G. (1990). The US-Turkey-NATO-Middle East Connection, New York: Macmillan.
  • Wiebes, C. and Zeeman, B. (1983). “The Pentagon Negotiations March 1948: The Launching of North Atlantic Treaty”, International Affairs, Summer, vol. 59, no. 3.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Abdulkadir Baharçiçek This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2010
Submission Date June 19, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Baharçiçek, A. (2010). FROM NEUTRALITY TO ALIGNMENT: THE FORMATION OF NATO AND TURKISH BIDS FOR MEMBERSHIP. Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 1(1), 57-68.