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KOLEKTİF GÜVENLİK ANTLAŞMASI ÖRGÜTÜ VE ENERJİ GÜVENLİĞİ POLİTİKALARI: 2022 KAZAKİSTAN OLAYLARI

Year 2024, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 1073 - 1093, 07.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.54688/ayd.1459383

Abstract

Enerji kaynaklarının üretimi ve transiti konusunda jeostratejik öneme haiz ülkeleri bir araya getiren KGAÖ’nün enerji güvenliği politikalarının analizi, bu makalenin temel amacını oluşturmaktadır. Makale, hem askeri güvenlik ile enerji güvenliği arasındaki sinerjiyi ortaya koymak hem de enerji güvenliğinin sağlanması konusunda uluslararası örgütlerin rolüne dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışmada KGAÖ’nün ilk barışı koruma görevi olan 2022 Kazakistan müdahalesi örnek vaka olarak seçilmiş, olayların etkilerinin neler olduğu sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Enerji güvenliğinin KGAÖ’nün temel çalışma alanlarından biri haline geleceği hipotezine dayandırılan çalışmada elde edilen bulgular nitel araştırma yöntemiyle işlenmiştir. Çalışmada Kazakistan’da yaşanan olayların ardından KGAÖ’nün bölgede güvenlik sağlayıcısı olarak etkinliğinin arttığı; enerji güvenliğinin sağlanmasında askeri gücün önemli bir faktör olduğu; KGAÖ üyelerinin ulusal ve bölgesel güvenliğin bir parçası olan enerji güvenliği konusunda daha aktif politikalar geliştirmesi gerektiği; olayların diğer enerji zengini Türk Devletlerini de etkilediği ve bölgede Rusya’nın etkinliğinin arttığı yönünde bazı endişelere neden olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.

References

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  • Aliyev, R. (2022). Qazaxıstanda baş verənlər bütün dünyanın diqqət mərkəzindədir. İki Sahil. January 7, 2022, https://ikisahil.az/post/276371-qazaxistandabash-verenler-butun-dunyanin-diqqetmerkezindedir
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  • Hopkins, V. (2022). Kazakhstan’s former leader speaks out on unrest that gripped the country. The New York Times. January 18, 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/18/world/europe/kazakhstan-nursultan-nazarbayev-video.html
  • İlhan, E. (2022). Kazakistan’da yaşanan hükümet karşıtı ayaklanma olayının Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nde medyaya yansıması. Sakarya Üniversitesi Türk Akademi Dergisi, 1 (1), 28-38.
  • Jansen, J. (2009). Energy services security: concepts and metrics, IAEA project on selecting and defining ıntegrated ındicators for nuclear energy. ECN, Austria.
  • Kriener, F., & Brassat, L. (2023, April 6). Quashing protests abroad: The CSTO’s intervention in Kazakhstan. Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law & International Law https://ssrn.com/abstract=4421275
  • Habardor. (2022). “Rus matbuoti Qozog‘istondagi voqealarni o‘zgacha ishtiyoq bilan yorityapti...” [Russian media covers events in Kazakhstan with particular interest...]. January 5, 2022, https://xabardor.uz/uz/post/rus-matbuoti-qozogistondagivoqealarni-ozgacha-ishtiyoq-bilan-yorityapti
  • İzvastiya. (2022). Токаев назвал причину беспорядков в Казахстане [Tokayev named the cause of the disorder in Kazakhstan]. January 21, 2022, https://iz.İu/1280246/2022-01-21/tokaev-nazval-prichinu-besporiadkov-v-kazakhstane
  • Kurtov, A. (2008). The CSTO, GUAM: Transformation of the Post-Soviet area. Central Asia and the Caucasus, 3-4 (Special Issue), 262-276.
  • Luft, G., & Korın, A. (Eds.). (2009). Energy security: in the eyes of the beholder. Energy security challenges for the 21st century. Greenwood.
  • Molchanov, M. (2012). Energy security and the revival of geopolitics: The Russian case. In Sai Felicia K.H. (Ed.), New security frontiers critical energy and the resource challenge. Ashgate.
  • Napper, L. C. (2022). Why the U.S. cares about what happens in Kazakhstan. U.S. News & World Report. January 10, 2022, https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2022-01-12/why-the-u-s-cares-about-what-happens-in-kazakhstan
  • Niyazov, J. (2022). “Bu – O‘zbekistonni KXShTga qaytarish harakati” - siyosiy tahlilchi Lukashenkoning bayonoti haqida [This is Lukashenko's speech about returning Uzbekistan to the CSTO - political analyst]. Kun.uz. January 12, 2022, https://kun.uz/uz/news/2022/01/12/bu-ozbekistonnikxshtga-qaytarish-harakati-siyosiy-tahlilchi-lukashenkoning-bayonoti-haqida
  • Pashinyan, N. (2022). KGAÖ Kolektif Güvenlik Konseyi Başkanı Nikol Pashinyan'ın açıklaması [Statement of Nikol Pashinyan, Chairman of the CSTO Collective Security Council]. March 10, 2023, https://en.odkb-csto.org/news/news_odkb/sostoyalsya-telefonnyy-razgovor-generalnogo-sekretarya-odkb-i-predsedatelya-soveta-kollektivnoy-bezo/#loaded
  • Pospelov, S. (2019). On the role and character of interaction of international and regional organizations in the fight against International Terrorism. November 30, 2022, https://en.odkbcsto.org/authorized_organs/parliamentary_assembly/ispolnyayushchiy-obyazannosti-otvetstvennogo-sekretarya-parlamentskoy-assamblei-odkb-sergey-pospelov/
  • Sovacool, B. (2011). The Routledge handbook of energy security. Routledge.
  • Schwarzenberger, G. (1951). Power politics: a study of international society. Wiley.
  • Shokırjonov, S. (2022, January 11). Lukashenkoning «maslahati»: Aslida nimadan ehtiyot bo‘lish kerak? [Lukashenko's "advice": What should one be cautious about in reality?]. kun.uz. January 11, 2022, https://kun.uz/uz/news/2022/01/11/lukashenkoning-maslahati-aslidanimadan-ehtiyot-bolish-kerak
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  • Zaynetdinov, V. (2011, December). CSC session in Moscow. January 1, 2023, https://en.odkb-csto.org/session/2011/session2011/

COLLECTIVE SECURITY TREATY ORGANIZATION AND ENERGY SECURITY POLICIES: THE 2022 KAZAKHSTAN EVENTS

Year 2024, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 1073 - 1093, 07.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.54688/ayd.1459383

Abstract

The primary aim of this article is to analyse the energy security policies of the CSTO, which brings together countries of geostrategic importance in the production and transit of energy resources. The article not only seeks to highlight the synergy between military security and energy security but also to draw attention to the role of international organisations in ensuring energy security. In the study, the CSTO's initial peacekeeping mission, the 2022 intervention in Kazakhstan, is chosen as a case study, and it seeks to answer the question of what the effects of these events were. The study, based on the hypothesis that energy security will become one of the CSTO's primary fields of operation, used qualitative research method. The findings of the study indicate that following the events in Kazakhstan, the CSTO has increased its effectiveness as a security provider in the region; military strength is a key factor in achieving energy security; necessary for CSTO members should develop more active policies in the field of energy security, which is component of national and regional security; the events have also had repercussions on other energy-rich Turkic States and have given rise to concerns about Russia's growing influence in the area.

References

  • Ağır, O. & Sayın, M. (2019). Kazakistan ve Kırgızistan siyasal sistemlerinin karşılaştırılması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 9 (1), 21-39.
  • Aliyev, R. (2022). Qazaxıstanda baş verənlər bütün dünyanın diqqət mərkəzindədir. İki Sahil. January 7, 2022, https://ikisahil.az/post/276371-qazaxistandabash-verenler-butun-dunyanin-diqqetmerkezindedir
  • Anadolu Ajansı. (2022). Nazarbayev’in güvenlik konseyi başkanlığını kendisinin devrettiği açıklandı. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/nazarbayevin-guvenlik-konseyi-baskanligini-kendisinin-devrettigi-aciklandi/2469167
  • Azatlyk Radiosy. (2022). KHŞG Gazagystana parahatçylyk güýçlerini iberýär. Aşgabat metbugat üçin maglumat ýaýratdy. Azathabar. https://www.azathabar.com/a/31641887.html
  • Bahgat, G. (2011). Energy Security. Wiley Publication.
  • Baylis, J. (2012). Uluslararası İlişkilerde güvenlik kavramı. İçinde M. Aydın., H. G. Brauch., M. Çelikpala., U. O. Spring and N. Polat (Ed.), Uluslararası İlişkilerde çatışmadan güvenliğe, (pp.158-166), Bilgi Üniversitesi.
  • Bilefsky, D. (2022). Revolt in Kazakhstan: What’s happening and why it matters. The New York Times. January 5, 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/05/world/asia/kazakhstan-protests.html
  • BP. (2020). Statistical Review of World Energy 2020. April 13, 2023, https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2020-natural-gas.pdf
  • Buzan, B., Waever, O., & Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A new framework for analysis. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Charter of The Collective Security Treaty Organization. (2002). Collective Security Treaty Organization. February 2, 2023, https://en.odkb-csto.org/documents/documents/ustav_organizatsii_dogovora_o_kollektivnoy_bezopasnosti_/#loaded
  • Collective Security Treaty. (1992). Collective Security Treaty Organization. February 10, 2023, https://en.odkb-csto.org/documents/documents/dogovor_o_kollektivnoy_bezopasnosti/#loaded.
  • CSTO. (2021a). From The Treaty to The Organization. November 25, 2022, https://en.odkb-csto.org/25years/
  • CSTO. (2021b). The CSTO Structure. December 30, 2022, https://en.odkb-csto.org/25years/
  • EIA. (2012). IHS EDIN, eastern bloc research energy databook 2012. January 10, 2023, https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/regions_of_interest/Caspian_Sea/caspian_sea.pdf.7
  • EIA. (2017). IHS EDIN, eastern bloc energy, rigzone, rystad energy. February 2, 2023, https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/regions_of_interest/Caspian
  • EIA. (2018). Eurasia. January 28, 2023, https://www.iea.org/regions/eurasia Euronews. (2022, January 6). Kazakistan'da protestoların 3. gününde son durum: Onlarca gösterici öldürüldü. https://tr.euronews.com/2022/01/06/kazakistan-da-protestolar-n-3-gununde-son-durum-onlarca-gosterici-olduruldu
  • Gücüyener, A. (2014). Terrorist threat, critical energy ınfrastructures, and best practices. Hazar Strateji Enstitüsü. February 18, 2022, http://www.hazar.org/blogdetail/blog/terrorist_threat_critical_energy_infrastructures_and_best_practices_1025.aspx
  • Hopkins, V. (2022). Kazakhstan’s former leader speaks out on unrest that gripped the country. The New York Times. January 18, 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/18/world/europe/kazakhstan-nursultan-nazarbayev-video.html
  • İlhan, E. (2022). Kazakistan’da yaşanan hükümet karşıtı ayaklanma olayının Türk Cumhuriyetleri’nde medyaya yansıması. Sakarya Üniversitesi Türk Akademi Dergisi, 1 (1), 28-38.
  • Jansen, J. (2009). Energy services security: concepts and metrics, IAEA project on selecting and defining ıntegrated ındicators for nuclear energy. ECN, Austria.
  • Kriener, F., & Brassat, L. (2023, April 6). Quashing protests abroad: The CSTO’s intervention in Kazakhstan. Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law & International Law https://ssrn.com/abstract=4421275
  • Habardor. (2022). “Rus matbuoti Qozog‘istondagi voqealarni o‘zgacha ishtiyoq bilan yorityapti...” [Russian media covers events in Kazakhstan with particular interest...]. January 5, 2022, https://xabardor.uz/uz/post/rus-matbuoti-qozogistondagivoqealarni-ozgacha-ishtiyoq-bilan-yorityapti
  • İzvastiya. (2022). Токаев назвал причину беспорядков в Казахстане [Tokayev named the cause of the disorder in Kazakhstan]. January 21, 2022, https://iz.İu/1280246/2022-01-21/tokaev-nazval-prichinu-besporiadkov-v-kazakhstane
  • Kurtov, A. (2008). The CSTO, GUAM: Transformation of the Post-Soviet area. Central Asia and the Caucasus, 3-4 (Special Issue), 262-276.
  • Luft, G., & Korın, A. (Eds.). (2009). Energy security: in the eyes of the beholder. Energy security challenges for the 21st century. Greenwood.
  • Molchanov, M. (2012). Energy security and the revival of geopolitics: The Russian case. In Sai Felicia K.H. (Ed.), New security frontiers critical energy and the resource challenge. Ashgate.
  • Napper, L. C. (2022). Why the U.S. cares about what happens in Kazakhstan. U.S. News & World Report. January 10, 2022, https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2022-01-12/why-the-u-s-cares-about-what-happens-in-kazakhstan
  • Niyazov, J. (2022). “Bu – O‘zbekistonni KXShTga qaytarish harakati” - siyosiy tahlilchi Lukashenkoning bayonoti haqida [This is Lukashenko's speech about returning Uzbekistan to the CSTO - political analyst]. Kun.uz. January 12, 2022, https://kun.uz/uz/news/2022/01/12/bu-ozbekistonnikxshtga-qaytarish-harakati-siyosiy-tahlilchi-lukashenkoning-bayonoti-haqida
  • Pashinyan, N. (2022). KGAÖ Kolektif Güvenlik Konseyi Başkanı Nikol Pashinyan'ın açıklaması [Statement of Nikol Pashinyan, Chairman of the CSTO Collective Security Council]. March 10, 2023, https://en.odkb-csto.org/news/news_odkb/sostoyalsya-telefonnyy-razgovor-generalnogo-sekretarya-odkb-i-predsedatelya-soveta-kollektivnoy-bezo/#loaded
  • Pospelov, S. (2019). On the role and character of interaction of international and regional organizations in the fight against International Terrorism. November 30, 2022, https://en.odkbcsto.org/authorized_organs/parliamentary_assembly/ispolnyayushchiy-obyazannosti-otvetstvennogo-sekretarya-parlamentskoy-assamblei-odkb-sergey-pospelov/
  • Sovacool, B. (2011). The Routledge handbook of energy security. Routledge.
  • Schwarzenberger, G. (1951). Power politics: a study of international society. Wiley.
  • Shokırjonov, S. (2022, January 11). Lukashenkoning «maslahati»: Aslida nimadan ehtiyot bo‘lish kerak? [Lukashenko's "advice": What should one be cautious about in reality?]. kun.uz. January 11, 2022, https://kun.uz/uz/news/2022/01/11/lukashenkoning-maslahati-aslidanimadan-ehtiyot-bolish-kerak
  • SPUTNIK. (2022). Kazakistan'da kriz: ülke genelinde olağanüstü hal ilan edildi [Crisis in Kazakhstan: state of emergency declared nationwide]. January 6, 2022, https://sputniknews.com.tr/20220105/almatida-protestocular-belediye-binasina-girdi-1052423192.html
  • T.C. Dışişleri Bakanlığı. (2023). Bölgeler-ülke künyesi [regional country profile]. February 14, 2023, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/sub.tr.mfa?03af1e06-bd93-40cb-ae4f-2c4ac27672e7
  • Zaynetdinov, V. (2011, December). CSC session in Moscow. January 1, 2023, https://en.odkb-csto.org/session/2011/session2011/
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Regional Studies, International Security, International Institutions
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Zehra Aksu 0000-0003-1073-4086

Publication Date July 7, 2024
Submission Date March 26, 2024
Acceptance Date June 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 15 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aksu, Z. (2024). COLLECTIVE SECURITY TREATY ORGANIZATION AND ENERGY SECURITY POLICIES: THE 2022 KAZAKHSTAN EVENTS. Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 15(2), 1073-1093. https://doi.org/10.54688/ayd.1459383