Post-Legislative Scrutiny as an Instrument for Legislative Empowerment in the Age of Legislative Backsliding

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 25, 1 - 66, 20.10.2024

Zülfiye Yılmaz

Abstract

Legislative backsliding is a matter of constitutional law that is occurring simultaneously with the worldwide phenomenon of democratic backsliding. Assumed to be the inevitable outcome of executive aggrandizement, autocratisation, neoliberal parliamentarism, digitalization along with the democratic decline, the impact of legislative backsliding on the health of constitutional regimes needs to be substantiated. It should be noted that there is a growing academic literature emphasising that legislative backsliding is not unavoidable and that legislative empowerment along with the prevention of de-parliamentarisation is crucial in Türkiye and in comparative constitutional systems. One of the effective mechanisms identified by scholars for this purpose is the introduction of post-legislative scrutiny. This article suggests that institutionalising post-legislative scrutiny in Türkiye is feasible in order to strengthen the role of parliament. This capacity-building mechanism is also essential for constitutional resilience and safeguarding the rule of law.

Keywords

Legislative Backsliding, De-Parliamentarisation, Post-Legislative Scrutiny, Rule of Law, Checks & Balances

Yasamanın Gerilemesi Olgusuna Karşı Parlamentoların Güçlendirilmesi Aracı Olarak Yasama Sonrası Denetim

Abstract

Yasama organlarının gerilemesi, demokrasinin dünya çapında gerilemesi ile eş zamanda gerçekleşen bir anayasa hukuku sorunudur. Demokratik gerileme yanında yürütme erkinin büyümesi, otokratlaşma, neoliberal hukuki rasyonalitenin gerekleri, dijitalleşmenin olağan sonucu olarak ele alınan yasamanın gerilemesinin, anayasal rejimlerin sıhhati üzerindeki etkisinin somutlaştırılması gereklidir. Bu bağlamda gerilemenin kaçınılmaz bir sonuç olmadığını, yasamanın güçlendirilmesinin ve parlementosuzlaştırmanın önlenmesinin gereğine dair çalışmalar, Türkiye’de ve karşılaştırmalı hukukta giderek artmaktadır. Yasamanın tarihsel ve güncel fonksiyonlarını yerine getirmesinin ve bu yolla güçlendirilmesinin araçlarından biri, yasama sonrası denetim usulüdür. Bu çalışma kapsamında, karşılaştırmalı hukuktaki uygulama örnekleri ışığında, Türkiye’de yasama sonrası denetimin kurumsallaşmasının mümkün ve dahası hukuk devletinin korunması ve anayasal düzenin geleceği açısından
gerekli olduğuna dair bir yaklaşım ortaya konulacaktır.

Keywords

Yasamanın Gerilemesi, Parlamentosuzlaştırma, Yasama Sonrası Denetim, Hukuk Devleti, Kontrol ve Denge

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