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Duygu Envanteri-Kısa Versiyon Ölçeğinin Türkçe Standardizasyon Çalışması: Terapistlerde Karşı Aktarıma dair Niceliksel Bir Çalışma Örneği

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 489 - 512, 28.10.2022

Berke Taş Betül Polat Fatoş Kartal Yağmur Saklı Demirbaş Tülin Gençöz

https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1000033

Abstract

Freud tarafından ortaya atılan aktarım kavramı hastanın geçmiş deneyimleri ve öznel yapısına bağlı olarak oluşan ilişkilenme biçimlerinin analitik süreçte tekrarlanması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Karşı aktarım ise birçok farklı görüş olsa da hastanın terapi sürecindeki söyleminin terapistte çeşitli duygulanımlar, bilinçdışı çatışmalar ve tutumlara yol açması olarak betimlenebilir. Literatürde, karşı aktarımın bilinçdışı niteliğinin yanında bilinç düzeyinde de çeşitli biçimlerde kendisini gösterdiğini savunan ve bu kapsamda karşı aktarımı niceliksel olarak inceleyen birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, terapistlerin karşı aktarımlarını ölçmek için geliştirilen Duygu Envanteri (Feeling Word Checklist) ölçeğinin kısa versiyonu olan Duygu Envanteri-Kısa Versiyon (DE-KV; Feeling Word Checklist-Brief Version) adlı ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerinin Türk örnekleminde incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın örneklemi, farklı ekoller temelinde psikoterapi uygulayan 184 psikologdan oluşmaktadır. DE-KV öncelikle Türkçeye çevrilmiş ve Türk örnekleminde faktör yapısını incelemek amacıyla yürütülen doğrulayıcı faktör analizi bulguları, ölçeğin orijinali ile benzer olarak üç faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğunu desteklemiştir. Yürütülen güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizleri, ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerinin yeterli düzeyde olduğunu göstermektedir. Tüm bulgular psikanalitik literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

aktarım karşı aktarım terapist standardizasyon Duygu Envanteri-Kısa Versiyon

References

  • Athanasiou, K. ve Mavrikaki, E. (2013). Conceptual inventory of natural selection as a tool for measuring Greek University students' evolution knowledge: Differences between novice and advanced students. International Journal of Science Education, 36(8), 1262-1285. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2013.856529
  • Bassols, M. (2014). The paradoxes of transference. LC Express, 2(8), 1-14.
  • Betan, E., Heim, A. K., Zittel Conklin, C. ve Westen, D. (2005). Countertransference phenomena and personality pathology in clinical practice: an empirical investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(5), 890-898. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.890
  • Breivik, R., Wilberg, T., Evensen, J., Røssberg, J. I., Dahl, H. S. J. ve Pedersen, G. (2020). Countertransference feelings and personality disorders: a psychometric evaluation of a brief version of the Feeling Word Checklist (FWC-BV). BioMed Central Psychiatry, 20(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02556-6
  • Bryant, F. B. ve Yarnold, P. R. (1995). Principal-components analysis and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. İçinde L. G. Grimm ve P. R. Yarnold (Edl.), Reading and understanding multivariate statistics (ss. 99–136). American Psychological Association.
  • Colli, A., Tanzilli, A., Dimaggio, G. ve Lingiardi, V. (2014). Patient personality and therapist response: An empirical investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(1), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13020224
  • Cutler, R. L. (1958). Countertransference effects in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 22(5). 349-356. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044815
  • Çuhadaroglu F. (1986). Adolesanlarda benlik saygısı [Yayımlanmamış uzmanlık tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Bölümü, Ankara.
  • Dahl, H. J., Røssberg, J. I., Bøgwald, K. P., Gabbard, G. O. ve Høglend, P. A. (2012). Countertransference feelings in one year of individual therapy: An evaluation of the factor structure in the feeling word checklist-58. Psychotherapy Research, 22(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2011.622312
  • Evans, D. (1996). An introductory dictionary of Lacanian psychoanalysis. Routledge.
  • Fink, B. (2002). Lacan to the letter: Reading Ecrits closely. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Freud, S. (2000). The psychotherapy of hysteria. İçinde I. Smith (Ed.), Freud- complete works. (1895). Erişim adresi: https://www.valas.fr/IMG/pdf/Freud_Complete_Works.pdf.
  • Freud, S. (2000). Five lectures on psychoanalysis. İçinde I. Smith (Ed.), Freud- complete works. (1910). Erişim adresi: https://www.valas.fr/IMG/pdf/Freud_Complete_Works.pdf.
  • Gençöz, T. (2000). Pozitif ve negatif duygu durum ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması (Positive and negative affect schedule: A study of validity and reliability). Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15(46), 19–28.
  • Gençöz, T. ve Öncül, Ö. (2012). Examination of personality characteristics in a Turkish sample: Development of basic personality traits inventory. The Journal of General Psychology, 139(3), 194-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2012.686932
  • Gençöz, T. ve Özbek-Şimşek, D. (2020). Psikanalitik psikoterapiler. İçinde M. Eskin, Ç. G. Dereboy ve N. Karancı (Edl.), Klinik Psikoloji: Bilim ve Uygulama (1. Baskı) (ss. 379- 408). Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları.
  • Heimann, P. (1950). On countertransference. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 31, 81-84.
  • Hekimoğlu, E. C. ve Bilik, M. Z. (2020). Freud’dan Lacan’a kaygı. Ayna Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(3), 336-367. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.761464
  • Holmqvist, R. (2001). Patterns of consistency and deviation in therapists’ countertransference feelings. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 10(2), 104-116.
  • Kayaalp, L. (2004). Sıkıntı. Psikanaliz Yazıları, 9(2), 87-94.
  • Kilby, C. J., Sherman, K. A. ve Wuthrich, V. (2018). Towards understanding interindividual differences in stressor appraisals: A systematic review. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.001
  • Kurtuluş, E. E. (2018). Therapists’ perception of silence during psychotherapy sessions [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi.
  • Lacan, J. (2020). The object relation: The seminar of Jacques Lacan. Book IV (A. Price, Çev.). Polity Press. (1956-1957)
  • Lacan, J. (2002). Ecrits: A selection (B. Fink, Çev.). W. W. Norton & Company. (1966)
  • Lacan, J. (2013). Psikanalizin dört temel kavramı: Seminer 11 (N. Erdem, Çev.) (J. A. Miller, Ed.). Metis Yayınları. (1964)
  • Lindqvist, K., Falkenström, F., Sandell, R., Holmqvist, R., Ekeblad, A. ve Thorén, A. (2016). Multilevel exploratory factor analysis of the feeling word checklist–24. Assessment, 24(7), 907-918. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191116632336
  • Meydan, C. H. ve Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş. İçinde Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Amos Uygulamaları (2. Baskı) (ss. 5-45). Detay Anatolia Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Moss, S., Prosser, H., Costello, H., Simpson, N., Patel, P., Rowe, S., Turner, S. ve Hatton C. (1998). Reliability and validity of the PAS–ADD. Checklist for detecting psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 42(2), 173 –183.
  • Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Measures Package, 61(52), 18.
  • Røssberg, J. I., Hoffart, A. ve Friis, S. (2003). Psychiatric staff members’ emotional reactions toward patients. A psychometric evaluation of an extended version of the Feeling Word Checklist (FWC-58). Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 57(1), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039480310000257
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Mossbrugger, H. ve Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
  • Tanzilli, A., Lingiardi, V. ve Hilsenroth, M. (2018). Patient SWAP-200 personality dimensions and FFM traits: Do they predict therapist responses? Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 9(3), 250-262. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000260
  • Ulberg, R., Nærdal, T. B., Olsen, J. E. ve Eide, T. K. (2013). Countertransference feelings when treating teenagers: A psychometric evaluation of the Feeling Word Checklist–24. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 67(4), 347-359. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2013.67.4.347
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A. ve Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
  • Whyte, C. R., Constantopoulos, C. ve Bevans, H. G. (1982). Types of countertransference identified by Q-analysis. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 55(2), 187-201. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1982.tb01497.x

Turkish Standardization of Feeling Word Checklist-Brief Version [FWC-BV]: A Quantitative Examination of Countertransference

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 489 - 512, 28.10.2022

Berke Taş Betül Polat Fatoş Kartal Yağmur Saklı Demirbaş Tülin Gençöz

https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1000033

Abstract

As proposed by Freud, the concept of transference could be described as the repetition of patients’ forms of relating based on their past experiences and subjective structures. Countertransference, on the other hand, could be portrayed as the emergence of various affects, unconscious conflicts, and attitudes of therapists about patients’ discourse during the psychotherapy process. In the literature, different studies have examined the concept of countertransference using quantitative methods on the grounds that countertransference also manifests itself on the conscious level. The current study aimed to conduct the Turkish standardization of the Feeling Word Checklist-Brief Version [FWC-BV], a brief version of the Feeling Word Checklist designed to assess the countertransference levels of therapists. The sample of the study was composed of 184 psychologists who practiced psychotherapy using different therapeutic approaches. Based on analyses carried out to investigate the factor structure of the Turkish version of Feeling Word Checklist-Brief Version [FWC-BV], confirmatory factor analysis results indicated a three-factor structure consistent with the original version. Results of reliability and validity analyses suggested that the scale has acceptable psychometric properties. All results were discussed regarding the psychoanalytic literature.

Keywords

transference countertransference therapist standardization Feeling Word Checklist-Brief Version

References

  • Athanasiou, K. ve Mavrikaki, E. (2013). Conceptual inventory of natural selection as a tool for measuring Greek University students' evolution knowledge: Differences between novice and advanced students. International Journal of Science Education, 36(8), 1262-1285. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2013.856529
  • Bassols, M. (2014). The paradoxes of transference. LC Express, 2(8), 1-14.
  • Betan, E., Heim, A. K., Zittel Conklin, C. ve Westen, D. (2005). Countertransference phenomena and personality pathology in clinical practice: an empirical investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(5), 890-898. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.890
  • Breivik, R., Wilberg, T., Evensen, J., Røssberg, J. I., Dahl, H. S. J. ve Pedersen, G. (2020). Countertransference feelings and personality disorders: a psychometric evaluation of a brief version of the Feeling Word Checklist (FWC-BV). BioMed Central Psychiatry, 20(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02556-6
  • Bryant, F. B. ve Yarnold, P. R. (1995). Principal-components analysis and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. İçinde L. G. Grimm ve P. R. Yarnold (Edl.), Reading and understanding multivariate statistics (ss. 99–136). American Psychological Association.
  • Colli, A., Tanzilli, A., Dimaggio, G. ve Lingiardi, V. (2014). Patient personality and therapist response: An empirical investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(1), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13020224
  • Cutler, R. L. (1958). Countertransference effects in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 22(5). 349-356. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044815
  • Çuhadaroglu F. (1986). Adolesanlarda benlik saygısı [Yayımlanmamış uzmanlık tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Bölümü, Ankara.
  • Dahl, H. J., Røssberg, J. I., Bøgwald, K. P., Gabbard, G. O. ve Høglend, P. A. (2012). Countertransference feelings in one year of individual therapy: An evaluation of the factor structure in the feeling word checklist-58. Psychotherapy Research, 22(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2011.622312
  • Evans, D. (1996). An introductory dictionary of Lacanian psychoanalysis. Routledge.
  • Fink, B. (2002). Lacan to the letter: Reading Ecrits closely. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Freud, S. (2000). The psychotherapy of hysteria. İçinde I. Smith (Ed.), Freud- complete works. (1895). Erişim adresi: https://www.valas.fr/IMG/pdf/Freud_Complete_Works.pdf.
  • Freud, S. (2000). Five lectures on psychoanalysis. İçinde I. Smith (Ed.), Freud- complete works. (1910). Erişim adresi: https://www.valas.fr/IMG/pdf/Freud_Complete_Works.pdf.
  • Gençöz, T. (2000). Pozitif ve negatif duygu durum ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması (Positive and negative affect schedule: A study of validity and reliability). Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15(46), 19–28.
  • Gençöz, T. ve Öncül, Ö. (2012). Examination of personality characteristics in a Turkish sample: Development of basic personality traits inventory. The Journal of General Psychology, 139(3), 194-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2012.686932
  • Gençöz, T. ve Özbek-Şimşek, D. (2020). Psikanalitik psikoterapiler. İçinde M. Eskin, Ç. G. Dereboy ve N. Karancı (Edl.), Klinik Psikoloji: Bilim ve Uygulama (1. Baskı) (ss. 379- 408). Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları.
  • Heimann, P. (1950). On countertransference. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 31, 81-84.
  • Hekimoğlu, E. C. ve Bilik, M. Z. (2020). Freud’dan Lacan’a kaygı. Ayna Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(3), 336-367. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.761464
  • Holmqvist, R. (2001). Patterns of consistency and deviation in therapists’ countertransference feelings. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 10(2), 104-116.
  • Kayaalp, L. (2004). Sıkıntı. Psikanaliz Yazıları, 9(2), 87-94.
  • Kilby, C. J., Sherman, K. A. ve Wuthrich, V. (2018). Towards understanding interindividual differences in stressor appraisals: A systematic review. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.001
  • Kurtuluş, E. E. (2018). Therapists’ perception of silence during psychotherapy sessions [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi.
  • Lacan, J. (2020). The object relation: The seminar of Jacques Lacan. Book IV (A. Price, Çev.). Polity Press. (1956-1957)
  • Lacan, J. (2002). Ecrits: A selection (B. Fink, Çev.). W. W. Norton & Company. (1966)
  • Lacan, J. (2013). Psikanalizin dört temel kavramı: Seminer 11 (N. Erdem, Çev.) (J. A. Miller, Ed.). Metis Yayınları. (1964)
  • Lindqvist, K., Falkenström, F., Sandell, R., Holmqvist, R., Ekeblad, A. ve Thorén, A. (2016). Multilevel exploratory factor analysis of the feeling word checklist–24. Assessment, 24(7), 907-918. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191116632336
  • Meydan, C. H. ve Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş. İçinde Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Amos Uygulamaları (2. Baskı) (ss. 5-45). Detay Anatolia Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Moss, S., Prosser, H., Costello, H., Simpson, N., Patel, P., Rowe, S., Turner, S. ve Hatton C. (1998). Reliability and validity of the PAS–ADD. Checklist for detecting psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 42(2), 173 –183.
  • Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Measures Package, 61(52), 18.
  • Røssberg, J. I., Hoffart, A. ve Friis, S. (2003). Psychiatric staff members’ emotional reactions toward patients. A psychometric evaluation of an extended version of the Feeling Word Checklist (FWC-58). Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 57(1), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039480310000257
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Mossbrugger, H. ve Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
  • Tanzilli, A., Lingiardi, V. ve Hilsenroth, M. (2018). Patient SWAP-200 personality dimensions and FFM traits: Do they predict therapist responses? Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 9(3), 250-262. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000260
  • Ulberg, R., Nærdal, T. B., Olsen, J. E. ve Eide, T. K. (2013). Countertransference feelings when treating teenagers: A psychometric evaluation of the Feeling Word Checklist–24. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 67(4), 347-359. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2013.67.4.347
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A. ve Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
  • Whyte, C. R., Constantopoulos, C. ve Bevans, H. G. (1982). Types of countertransference identified by Q-analysis. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 55(2), 187-201. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1982.tb01497.x
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Berke Taş 0000-0003-3753-8042

Betül Polat 0000-0002-1760-8130

Fatoş Kartal 0000-0002-6572-1111

Yağmur Saklı Demirbaş 0000-0003-0805-6052

Tülin Gençöz 0000-0002-2827-7461

Publication Date October 28, 2022
Submission Date October 18, 2021
Acceptance Date August 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Taş, B., Polat, B., Kartal, F., Saklı Demirbaş, Y., et al. (2022). Duygu Envanteri-Kısa Versiyon Ölçeğinin Türkçe Standardizasyon Çalışması: Terapistlerde Karşı Aktarıma dair Niceliksel Bir Çalışma Örneği. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(3), 489-512. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1000033
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