The Effect of Iron Nanoparticles (FeONPs) Produced from Hazelnut Husk and Biochar on Germination of Aged Cowpea Seeds

Abstract

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of Fe oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) obtained by green synthesis method from hazelnut husk and biochar on the germination of aged cowpea seeds with low germination power. Materials and Methods: Hazelnut husk and biochar obtained by slow pyrolysis of hazelnut husk (>400 0C) were decomposed into nanoparticles by green synthesis. FeONPs were biosynthesized and coated with nano hazelnut husk, biochar and organic based FeONPs were produced by measuring particle shape and size by SEM (LEO 1430 VP). This experiment was carried out in a total of 24 petri dishes with 3 replicates at 4 different doses (0, 40, 80 and 160 mg Fe L-1) of FeONPs produced from hazelnut husk and biochar of hazelnut husk. Germination rate, germination time and germination index were calculated. Results: In this study, plant-based FeONPs were synthesized from hazelnut husks and biochar obtained from these husks. The characterization of the obtained FeONPs was revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Spherical structures with dimensions of 6-100 nm were observed in the produced nanomaterials. According to the results of the germination test, FeONPs containing 40 mg Fe L-1 used as priming agent increased the germination rate of senescent cowpea seeds by 27%, increased the germination index by 33% and decreased the germination time by 13% compared to the control. Conclusion: This study revealed that plant-based FeONPs can be produced from hazelnut husk and biochar, and showed that FeONPs improved the germination power of aged cowpea seeds.

Keywords

• Biochar
• Nanoparticle
• Vigna unguiculata L.
• Green Synthesis

Fındık Zurufu ve Biyoçarından Üretilen Demir Nanopartiküllerinin (FeONP) Yaşlanmış Börülce Tohumlarında Çimlenme Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, fındık zurufu ve biyoçarından yeşil sentez yöntemiyle elde edilen Fe oksit nanopartiküllerinin (FeONP) yaşlanmış ve düşük çimlenme gücüne sahip börülce tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Yöntem: Fındık zurufu ve fındık zurufundan yavaş piroliz yoluyla (>400 °C) elde edilen biyoçar yeşil sentez yoluyla nano partiküllerine ayrıştırılmış ve FeONP biyosentezlenerek nano fındık zurufu ve biyoçar ile kaplanarak partikül şekli ve boyutu SEM (LEO 1430 VP) ile ölçülerek organik bazlı FeONP üretilmiştir. Bu deneme, fındık zurufundan ve biyoçarından üretilen organik bazlı FeONP ile 4 farklı dozda (0, 40, 80 ve 160 mg Fe L-1) 3 tekerrürlü olarak toplam 24 petride yürütülmüştür. Denemede, çimlenme oranı, çimlenme süresi ve çimlenme indeksi hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, fındık zurufu ve bu zuruflardan elde edilen biyoçardan bitkisel bazlı FeONP sentezlenmiştir. Elde edilen FeONP’lerin karakterizasyonu, taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile ortaya konulmuştur. Üretilen nano malzemelerde 6-100 nm boyutlarında küresel görünümlü yapılar gözlemlenmiştir. Çimlenme denemesi sonuçlarına göre kontrol ile karşılaştırıldığında, priming ajanı olarak kullanılan 40 mg Fe L-1 içeren FeONP’leri yaşlanmış börülce tohumlarının çimlenme oranını %27, çimlenme indeksini %33 artırmış ve çimlenme süresini %13 azaltmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, fındık zurufu ve biyoçarından bitkisel bazlı FeONP’lerin üretilebileceğini ortaya koymuş ve FeONP’lerinin yaşlanmış börülce tohumlarının çimlenme gücünü iyileştirdiğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyokömür
• Nanopartikül
• Vigna unguiculata L.
• Yeşil Sentez

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