Assessing Chicken Manure's Competitiveness with Inorganic Nitrogen in Broccoli Production

Abstract

Objective: This research was undertaken to evaluate the assessment of chicken manure's competitiveness with inorganic nitrogen in broccoli production. Material and Method: This study was conducted out in field conditions at the experimental area of Atatürk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Erzurum, Türkiye, in 2021 and 2022. Two broccoli cultivars (Brassica oleracea var. italica, Plenk cvs. 'Burney F1' and 'Lucky F1') were used as plant material. While phosphate (200 kg P2O5 ha-1) was kept constant in the plots, 1000 kg ha-1 (CM-1), 2000 kg ha-1 (CM-2), and 4000 kg ha-1 (CM-3) chicken manure were applied additionally. The other application was planned according to the recommended dose of nitrogen (Ammonium nitrate (AN), 200 kg N ha-1). Head weight (g), diameter, and length (cm); dry matter contents of head (%); chlorophyll (SPAD); pH and soluble solid content (SSC) (%) content of heads and yield (kg ha-1) were recorded in harvested heads. Results: The head weight ranged from 81.2 g (control) to 295.4 g (AN). The head diameter and length changed from 6.4 cm and 4.9 cm (control) to 13.9 cm and 13.6 cm (AN), respectively. The highest chlorophyll (SPAD) content (87.6) was consistently observed in the AN application. CM applications were consistently lower than those from AN application for all cultivars and across both years. Furthermore, in CM applications, the highest yield was attained in 2021 at 16820 kg ha-1 (CM-3, 4000 kg ha-1), whereas the peak yield of 20618 kg ha-1 was recorded in the AN treatment in 2022. Conclusion: While the yield derived from chicken manure application falls below that achieved through AN application, it is worth noting that, in the context of environmentally sustainable production practices, the utilization of chicken manure at a rate of 4000 kg ha-1 can be advocated. As a result, chicken manure at a rate of 4000 kg ha-1 can be recommended to broccoli producers for environmentally friendly production.

Keywords

• Organic fertilizer
• Nitrogen
• Broccoli
• Yield

Brokoli Üretiminde Tavuk Gübresinin İnorganik Azotla Rekabet Edebilirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, brokoli üretiminde tavuk gübresinin inorganik azotla rekabet edebilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Erzurum deneme alanında 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında tarla koşullarında yürütülmüştür. İki brokkoli çeşidi (Brassica oleracea var. italica, Plenk cvs. 'Burney F1' ve 'Lucky F1') bitkisel materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Parsellerde, fosfor (200 kg P2O5 ha-1) uygulaması sabit tutulurken ilave olarak 1000 kg ha-1 (CM-1), 2000 kg ha-1 (CM-2) ve 4000 kg ha-1 (CM-3) tavuk gübresi uygulanmıştır. Diğer uygulama ise önerilen azot dozuna (Amonyum nitrat (AN), 200 kg N ha-1) göre planlanmıştır. Araştırma sonunda, baş ağırlığı (g), çapı ve uzunluğu (cm); başta kuru madde miktarı (%); klorofil (SPAD), pH ve suda çözünebilir katı madde içeriği (SÇKM) (%) içeriği ve verim (kg ha-1) tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma Bulguları: Baş ağırlığı 81.2 g (kontrol) ila 295.4 g (AN) arasında değişirken, baş çapı ve uzunluğu sırasıyla 6.4 cm ve 4.9 cm'den (kontrol) 13.9 cm ve 13.6 cm'ye (AN) değişmiştir. En yüksek klorofil (SPAD) değeri (87.6) AN uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. CM uygulamaları tüm çeşitler için ve her iki yıl boyunca AN uygulamasından düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca CM uygulamalarında en yüksek verim 2021 yılında 16820 kg ha-1 (CM-3, 4000 kg ha-1) ile elde edilirken, AN uygulamasında en yüksek verim 20618 kg ha-1 ile 2022 yılında belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Tavuk gübresi uygulamasından elde edilen verim AN uygulamasıyla elde edilen verimin altına düşse de, çevresel açıdan sürdürülebilir üretim uygulamaları kapsamında tavuk gübresinin 4000 kg ha-1 oranında kullanımının bir çözüm olarak savunulabilir. Sonuç olarak brokoli üreticilerine çevre dostu üretim için 4000 kg ha-1 oranında tavuk gübresi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tavuk gübresi
• Azot
• Brokkoli
• Verim

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