Review

Current Position and Future Plans of the USA in World Hazelnut Production

Volume: 12 Number: Özel Sayı October 29, 2023
EN TR

Current Position and Future Plans of the USA in World Hazelnut Production

Abstract

Willamette valley of Oregon state produces 99% of the USA’s hazelnuts. In the valley, hazelnut blight disease (EFB: Anisogramma anomala), which kills the trees is widespread, and production has been achieved by intensive fungicide applications. Due to the removal of diseased orchards the production area tended to decrease in the 1990s. However, hazelnut-breeding efforts of Oregon State University (OSU) have resulted in significant changes within last 20 years and saved the hazelnut farming. By transferring the resistance gene discovered in the Gassaway pollinizer, new cultivars with high yield and quality such as Jefferson, McDonald, PloyO and Yamhill were developed. These cultivars were rapidly propagated by micropropagation that there has been a rapid increase in plantations since 2012. The production has reached to 77.500 tons. As of 2023, the total planted area has increased to 37.600 ha, but 1/3 of it is at juvenile age. Therefore, production is expected to exceed 100.000 tons within next 5-10 years. Modern techniques such as dense planting (6x3m), above ground and underground drip irrigation, fertigation and machine pruning are applied in new orchards. On the other hand, hazelnut breeding studies, which started in 1996 at Rutgers University (New Jersey) in the east of the USA, continue in cooperation with OSU. A new cultivar named Beast, which carries resistance to cold and EFB from Corylus americana was registered in 2020. Now, adaptation studies are underway that hazelnut cultivation is expected to begin in the Eastern and Middle states of the USA, where hazelnuts could not be grown in the past due to extreme cold and EFB pressure. Thus, increased production in large quantities would enable USA to be a major producer in the long term.

Keywords

Thanks

Oregon State Üniversitesi fındık ıslahı programını ve Willamette vadisi fındık sektörünü inceleme ziyaretini mümkün kılan Prof.Dr. Shawn Mehlenbacher'e şükranlarımı sunarım.

References

  1. Anonim. (2003). U.S. hazelnut industry organizations. Proceedings and membership roster of Nut Growers Society of Oregon, Washington and British Columbia, pp: 7-8.
  2. Anonim. (2019). Census of Agriculture 2017, Oregon. USDA national statistical service.
  3. Anonim. (2021). New Oregon State hazelnut varieties expand Production. National Nut Grower. https://nationalnutgrower.com/ (Erişim tarihi: 15.08.2023).
  4. Anonim. (2022). Oregon Annual Statistical Bulletin (October 2022). USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service - Northwest Regional Office. p.55.
  5. Bassil, N., & Mehlenbacher, S. (2023). Hazelnut ‘Gasaway’ – EFB Resistance. In: Volk GM, Chen K, Byrne P (Eds.) Plant Genetic Resources: Success Stories. Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. https://colostate.pressbooks.pub/ (Erişim tarihi: 10.08.2023).
  6. Erdoğan, V. (2001). Amerika Birleşik Devletler’ inde fındık yetiştiriciliğinin durumu. Ekin, 5(18), 70-76.
  7. Erdoğan, V. (2002). Amerika Birleşik Devletler’ inde fındık tarımında uygulanan kültürel işlemler ve Türkiye ile ticari ilişkiler, Ekin, 6 (19), 44-51.
  8. FAO. (2021). Food and Agricultural Organization https://www.faostat.fao.org/ (Erişim tarihi: 10.08.2023).

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Pomology and Treatment

Journal Section

Review

Publication Date

October 29, 2023

Submission Date

October 3, 2023

Acceptance Date

October 12, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 12 Number: Özel Sayı

APA
Erdoğan, V. (2023). Dünya Fındık Üretiminde ABD’nin Yeri ve Geleceği. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 12(Özel Sayı), 109-120. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1370611

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