The Effect of Seed Pre-Treatments and Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Germination of Dormant Laurus nobilis L. Seeds
Abstract
Objective: In this study, the effect of pericarp and seed coat on germination in dormant Laurel seeds was investigated. In addition, it was aimed to increase the germination rate of Laurel seeds with various pre-treatments and plant growth regulators.
Materials and Methods: Seeds taken from Laurel trees at the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute were used as starting material. Seeds with and without pericarp were cultured in MS nutrient medium. Then, pre-treatments (water and solution of GA3 soaking) were made to the seeds. After determining the effect of pericarp and pre-treatments on germination, the seeds were cultured in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 and NAA.
Results: Germination percentages of 20% and 33.33% and shoot formation percentages 13.33% and 26.67% were found in seeds without pericarp and without pericarp-with a cut seed coat, respectively. As a result of the pre-treatment trials, the highest germination (86.67%), shoot formation (80%), shoot length (2.43 cm), average root lenght (6.81 cm), average leaf lenght (0.73 cm), average number of leaf (2.60 number) were obtained in seeds without pericarp-with a cut seed coat kept in 1000 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours. In order to determine the effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro germination, seeds kept at 1000 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours were cultured in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 and NAA. The highest germination (100%), shoot formation (100%), average shoot lenght (5.13 cm), average root length (7.35 cm), average leaf lenght (0.875 cm), average number of root (2.07 number) and average number of leaf (3.63 number) were obtained in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L GA3.
Conclusion: As a result of the experiments, the dormancy in the Laurel seeds was broken and 100% germination rate was achieved. This protocol provides an effective method for rapid and short-term in vitro germination of laurel seeds.
Keywords
Dormancy, germination, Laurel, Laurus nobilis L., pericarp, seed coat
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