Akdeniz Bölgesi koşullarında, Azaltılmış Mepikuvat Klorür Dozlarının Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Tepkisi

Öz

Amaç: Türkiye'nin Adana ilindeki Doğu Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü'nde pamukta verim ve kalite özelliklerini artırmak amacıyla farklı zamanlarda uygulanan azaltılmış Mepikuvat klorür dozlarının etkisini incelemek için 2022 yılında arazi denemesi kurulmuştur. Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmada material olarak Sezener ve Selin çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Çeşitler ana parsellere, uygulama zamanları (çiçeklenmeden önce ve çiçeklenmeden sonra) alt parsellere ve Mepikuvat klorür konsantrasyonları (0, 40, 40+40 and 80 cc/da) alt-alt parsellere yerleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma, tesadüf bloklarında bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Bulguları: Analiz sonuçlarına göre, Sezener yüksek lif verimi (sırasıyla 490.6 vs 447.5 kg/ha), parlaklık (69.8 vs 63.5) ve sarılık (11.9 vs 10.8) bakımından Selin çeşidini geride bırakmıştır. Sezener çeşidinde 80 cc/da uygulamasından en yüksek verim (530.2 kg/ha) verim elde edilmiştir. En düşük verim Selin çeşidinde (360.3 kg/ha) ve en yüksek çeper (%2.60) elde edilirken, Sezener çeşidinde çeper oranı en düşük (%0.57) bulunmuştur. Mepikuvat klorid uygulamasının kalite parametrelerine iki çeşitte farklı etki gösterdiği, ayrıca uygulama zamanına göre etkinin değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Nitekim sarılık parametresinde, diğer kalite parametrelerinin aksine, Selin çeşidi düşük sarılık değerine sahip bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Mepikuvat klorür uygulamasının pamuk bitkilerinin verim ve kalite parametrelerinde bir miktar değişime sebep olabildiği görülmüştür. İstatistik analizlerin çoğu önemsiz çıksa da, bazı interaksiyonların gelecekteki çalışmalara ışık tutabileceği söylenebilir. Türkiye'nin Akdeniz bölgesinde verim ve kalite parametrelerini artırmak için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ayrıca çeşitler bazında mepikuvat klorid uygulamasının etkisindeki değişikliğin anlaşılması için daha kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• application time
• cotton
• fiber quality
• fiber yield
• mepiquat chloride

Response to Reduced Doses of Mepiquat Chloride on Yield and Quality Characteristics of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the Mediterranean Region of Türkiye

Abstract

Objective: A field study was undertaken to examine the effect of reduced Mepiquat chloride (MC) dosage applied at different times to enhance the yield and quality attributes of cotton at the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Adana, Türkiye, during the 2022 cropping season. Material and Methods: A split-split plot experiment following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was employed.Varieties (Sezener and Selin) were assigned to the main plots, application times (before and after flowering) to the sub-plots, and MC concentrations (0, 40, 40+40 and 80 cc/da) to the sub-sub-plots. Results: Results shown that Sezener outperformed Selin across metrics: higher fiber yield (490.6 vs 447.5 kg/ha), reflectance (69.8 vs 63.5), and yellowness (11.9 vs 10.8). Under Sezener, the 80 cc/da dosage at 60 days after sowing maximized yield (530.2 kg/ha). Selin showed poorest yield (360.3 kg/ha) and highest trash (2.60%), while Sezener had lowest (0.57%). Mepiquat chloride doses effected quality parameters differently for both varieties. The effect changed within application time. It has been determined that the application of Mepiquat chloride has different effects on the quality parameters in two varieties, and the effect varied according to the time of application. As a matter of fact, in the yellowness parameter, unlike other quality parameters, Selin variety had the lowest, while Sezener had the highest value. Conclusion: Although most effects were not statistically significant, certain variety-application time interactions revealed practical differences that may inform future studies. Therefore, to maximize monetary returns, further research is needed to enhance yield and quality parameters in the Mediterranean region of Türkiye. In addition, more comprehensive studies should be carried out to understand the change in the effect of Mepiquat chloride application on the basis of varieties.

Keywords

• Application time
• cotton
• fiber quality
• fiber yield
• mepiquat chloride

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