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Krem Rengi Yumurtacı Tavuklarda Yumurta Şekil İndeksinin Yumurta Kalitesine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 313 - 323, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1769725

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, yumurta şekil indeksinin yumurtanın iç ve dış kalite özelliklerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Yumurtalar şekil indeksi değerleri bakımından < 74, < 74 - 76 > ve > 76 olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Yumurtaların iç ve dış kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi için toplam 161 adet yumurta kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada yumurta şekil indeksinin yumurta eni, yumurta uzunluğu, yumurta ağırlığı, kabuk ağırlığı, ak uzunluğu, ak genişliği, ak yüksekliği, sarı yüksekliği, sarı çapı, ak indeksi, sarı indeksi, kabuk yüzey alanı, Haugh birimi, yumurta hacmi, yumurta çevresi, por sayısı ve por yoğunluğu gibi birçok parametreyi istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede etkilemiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Kabuk yüzey alanı, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta hacmi, yumurta çevresi, por sayısı ve por yoğunluğu en yüksek üçüncü grupta (şekil indeksi > 76) elde edilmiştir. Şekil indeksi arttıkça yumurtanın daha yuvarlak bir şekil kazandığı, buna bağlı olarak yumurta eni ve çevresinin arttığı, yumurta uzunluğunun ise azaldığı belirlenmiştir. En yüksek ak uzunluğu değeri birinci grupta elde edilmiştir. Ak genişliği, ak yüksekliği, sarı yüksekliği, sarı çapı, ak indeksi bakımından en yüksek değerler üçüncü grupta (şekil indeksi > 76) belirlenmiştir. Özgül ağırlık, kabuk kalınlığı, sarı ağırlığı, ak ağırlığı, kabuk oranı, sarı/ak oranı, ak oranı ve sarı oranı bakımından yumurta şekil indeksi grupları arasında önemli bir farklılık bulunmamıştır.
Sonuç: Yumurta şekil indeksinin hem morfolojik hem de yumurta kalitesi bakımından önemli bir parametre olduğu, bu nedenle de yalnızca sofralık yumurtaların seçiminde değil, aynı zamanda damızlık üretiminde kullanılacak yumurtaların seçiminde de kritik bir gösterge olduğu söylenebilir.

References

  • Abanikannda, O.T.F., Olutogun, O., Leigh, A.O., & Ajayi, L.A. (2007). Statistical modeling of egg weight and egg dimensions in commercial layers. International Journal of Poultry Science, 6, 59-63.
  • Aktan, (2004). Determining some exterior and interior quality traits of quail eggs and phenotypic correlations by digital image analysis. Hayvansal Üretim, 45(1), 7-13.
  • Alkan, S., Karslı, T., Galiç, A., & Karabağ, K. (2013). Determination of phenotypic correlations between internal and external quality traits of Guinea fowl eggs. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(5), 861-867.
  • Alkan, S., Karslı, T., Durmuş, İ., & Karabağ, K. (2016). Beç tavuklarında (Numida meleagris) yumurta şekil indeksinin yumurta kalitesine etkileri. Türk-Tarım Gıda ve Bilim Teknolojisi Dergisi, 4(9), 758-762.
  • Alkan, S., & Derebaşı, S. (2018). Ordu ilinde yumurta tüketim bilincinin belirlenmesi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 7(2), 237-244.
  • Alkan, S. (2024). Prediction of internal quality characteristics by regression equations using external quality characteristics of egg in cream-coloured laying hens. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 13(2), 409-419.
  • Alipanah, M., Deljo, J., Rokouie, M., & Mohammadnia, R. (2013). Heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlations of egg quality in Khazak layers. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 2, 175-180.
  • Altan, (2015). Yumurta (Oluşumu, Kalitesi ve Biyoaktif Komponentleri). Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, İzmir. Altuntaş, E., & Şekeroğlu, A. (2008). Effect of egg shape index on mechanical properties of chicken eggs. Journal of Food Engineering, 85(4), 606–612.
  • Anderson, K. E., Tharrington, J. B., Curtis, P. A., & Jones, F. T. (2004). Shell characteristics of eggs from historic strains of single comb white leghorn chickens and relationship of egg shape to shell strength. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(1), 17–19.
  • Bayram, B., & Aksakal, V. (2008). Organik çiftlik hayvanları yetiştiriciliğinin esasları. Hasad Hayvancılık Dergisi, 24(279), 52-56.
  • Duman, M., Şekeroğlu, A., Yıldırım, A., Eleroğlu, H., & Camcı, O. (2016). Relation between egg shape index and egg quality characteristics. European Poultry Science, 80,1-9.
  • Durmuş, İ., & Alkan, S. (2015). Serbest system yumurta tavukçuluğu el kitabı. Olay ofset, 48 sayfa, Ordu.
  • Emamgholi, B.H., Zerchdaron, S., Hassani, S., Abbasi, M.A., & Khan Ahmadi, A.R. (2010). Heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of egg quality traits in Iranian native fowl. British Poultry Science, 51, 740-744.
  • Fajemilehin, S.O.K., Odubola, O.O., Fagbuaro, S.S., & Akinyemi, M.O. (2009). Phenotypic correlations between some external and internal egg quality traits in the Nigerian helmeted Guinea fowl, Numida meleagris galeata pallas. Applied Tropical Agriculture, 14, 102-108.
  • Haugh, R. R. (1937). The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. U.S. Egg and Poultry Magazine, 43, 552-555.
  • Kul, S., & Şeker, I. (2004). Phenotypic correlations between some external and internal egg quality traits in Japanese quail. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(6), 400–405.
  • Minitab, (2008). Minitab Statistical Software. State College, PA: Minitab, Inc.
  • Mohsenin, N. N. (1986). Physical Properties of Plant and Animal Materials. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.
  • Narushin, V. G., & Romanov, M. N. (2002). Egg Physical characteristics and hatchability. World's Poultry Science Journal, 58(3), 297–303.
  • Narushin, V. G. (2005). Egg geometry calculation using the measurements of length and breadth. Poultry Science, 84(3), 482–484.
  • Narushin, V. G., Romanov, M. N., & Griffin, D. K. (2021). Egg geometry and eggshell pore numbers: Re-evaluation based on modeling of gas conductance. Poultry Science, 100(5), 101080.
  • Nowaczewski, S., Witkiewicz, K., Fratczak, M., Kontecka, H., Rytkowski, A., Krystianiak, S., & Rosinski, A. (2008). Egg quality from domestic and French Guinea fowl. Nauka Przyroda Technologie, 2(2), 1-9.
  • Olawumi, S.O., & Ogunlade, J.T. (2008). Phenotypic correlation between some external and internal egg quality traits in the exotic Isa Brown layer breeders. Asian Journal of Poultry Science, 2(1), 30-35.
  • Onunkwo, D.D., & Okara, I.C. (2015). Phenotypic correlation between external and internal egg quality traits in three varieties of helmeted Guinea fowl from 28 to 46 weeks of age. International Journal of Livestock Research, 5, 60-70.
  • Panda, B., Singh, R. P. (1990). Developments in processing quail meat and eggs. World Poultry Sci. J. 46, 219-233. Réhault-Godbert, S., Guyot, N., & Nys, Y. (2019). The golden egg: Nutritional value, bioactivities and emerging benefits for human health. Nutrients, 11(3), 684.
  • Sarıca, M., & Erensayın, C. (2004). Tavuklarda Verim Özellikleri ve Kalıtımı. Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Sarıca, M., Erensayın, C., & Yamak, U. S. (2012). Yumurta kalite özelliklerinin tavuk genotiplerine göre farklılıkları. Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi, 14(1), 15-22.
  • Sezer, M., & Tarhan, S. (2005). Comparison of Japanese quail lines based on egg traits using various selection methods. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 50(1), 19–24.
  • Solomon, S. E. (2010). Egg and Eggshell Quality. CRC Press.
  • Song, K.T., Choi, S.H., & Oh, H.R. (2000). A comparison of egg quality of Pheasant, Chukar, Quail and Guinea Fowl. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 13 (7), 986-990.
  • Sreenivasiah, P. 82006). Poultry production. A unique encyclopedia. 3rd Ed. Bangalore, India.
  • Tebesi, T., Madibela, O.R., & Moreki, J.C. (2012). Effects of storage time on internal and external characteristics of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) eggs. Journal of Animal Science Advance, 2(6), 534-542.
  • Tilki, M., & Saatci, M. (2004). Effects of strain and age on egg traits in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(4), 259–265.
  • Tumova, E., & Gous, R. M. (2012). Interaction of egg type, age and temperature on egg quality. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 57(12), 541–549.
  • Türkoğlu, M., & Sarıca, M. (2009). Tavukçuluk Bilimi (Yetiştirme, Besleme, Hastalıklar). Bey Ofset Matbaacılık, Ankara. 600 sayfa.
  • Türkoğlu, M., & Sarıca, M. (2014). Tavukçuluk Bilimi: Yetiştirme, Beslenme, Hastalıklar. Bey-Ofset Matbaacılık.
  • Yang, H.M., Yang, Z., Wang, W., Wang, Z.Y., Sun, H.N., Ju, X.J., & Qi, X.M. (2014). Effects of different housing systems on visceral organs, serum biochemical proportions, immüne performance and egg quality of laying hens. European Poultry Science, 78, 1-9.
  • Yannakopoulos, A.L., & Tserveni-Gousi, A.S. (1986). Quality characteristics of quail eggs. British Poultry Science, 27, 171-176.
  • Yıldırım, I. (2005). Effects of breeder age and egg weight on hatchability and chick weight of Japanese quails. South African Journal of Animal Science, 35(2), 135–142.
  • Yılmaz, A., Tepeli, C., & Çağlayan, T. (2011). External and internal egg quality charact6eristics in Japanese quails of different plumage color lines. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 9(2), 375-379.
  • Yılmaz-Dikmen, B., & Niğdeci, H. (2019). Effects of strain and egg shape index on internal egg quality traits in laying hens. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(1), 61-67.

Determining the Effects of Egg Shape Index on Egg Quality Traits in Cream-Colored Layer Hens

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 313 - 323, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1769725

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of egg shape index on the internal and external quality characteristics of eggs.
Materials and Methods: Eggs were divided into three groups according to their shape index values: < 74, < 74 - 76 >, and > 76. A total of 161 eggs were used to determine the internal and external quality characteristics of the eggs. In the study, the egg shape index significantly affected many parameters such as egg width, egg length, egg weight, shell weight, white length, white width, white height, yolk height, yolk diameter, white index, yolk index, shell surface area, Haugh unit, egg volume, egg circumference, pore count, and pore density.
Results: The eggshell surface area, egg weight, egg volume, egg circumference, pore count, and pore density were highest in the third group (shape index > 76). It was determined that as the shape index increased, the egg became rounder, and accordingly, the width and circumference of the egg increased, while the length of the egg decreased.
The highest albumen length was obtained in the first group. The highest values in terms of albumen width, albumen height, yolk height, yolk diameter, and albumen index were determined in the third group (shape index > 76). There was no significant difference between the egg shape index groups in terms of specific gravity, eggshell thickness, yolk weight, albumen weight, shell ratio, yolk/albumen ratio, albumen ratio, and yolk ratio.
Conclusion: It can be said that the egg shape index is an important parameter in terms of both morphology and egg quality, and therefore it is a critical indicator not only in the selection of table eggs but also in the selection of eggs to be used in breeding production.

References

  • Abanikannda, O.T.F., Olutogun, O., Leigh, A.O., & Ajayi, L.A. (2007). Statistical modeling of egg weight and egg dimensions in commercial layers. International Journal of Poultry Science, 6, 59-63.
  • Aktan, (2004). Determining some exterior and interior quality traits of quail eggs and phenotypic correlations by digital image analysis. Hayvansal Üretim, 45(1), 7-13.
  • Alkan, S., Karslı, T., Galiç, A., & Karabağ, K. (2013). Determination of phenotypic correlations between internal and external quality traits of Guinea fowl eggs. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(5), 861-867.
  • Alkan, S., Karslı, T., Durmuş, İ., & Karabağ, K. (2016). Beç tavuklarında (Numida meleagris) yumurta şekil indeksinin yumurta kalitesine etkileri. Türk-Tarım Gıda ve Bilim Teknolojisi Dergisi, 4(9), 758-762.
  • Alkan, S., & Derebaşı, S. (2018). Ordu ilinde yumurta tüketim bilincinin belirlenmesi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 7(2), 237-244.
  • Alkan, S. (2024). Prediction of internal quality characteristics by regression equations using external quality characteristics of egg in cream-coloured laying hens. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 13(2), 409-419.
  • Alipanah, M., Deljo, J., Rokouie, M., & Mohammadnia, R. (2013). Heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlations of egg quality in Khazak layers. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 2, 175-180.
  • Altan, (2015). Yumurta (Oluşumu, Kalitesi ve Biyoaktif Komponentleri). Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, İzmir. Altuntaş, E., & Şekeroğlu, A. (2008). Effect of egg shape index on mechanical properties of chicken eggs. Journal of Food Engineering, 85(4), 606–612.
  • Anderson, K. E., Tharrington, J. B., Curtis, P. A., & Jones, F. T. (2004). Shell characteristics of eggs from historic strains of single comb white leghorn chickens and relationship of egg shape to shell strength. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(1), 17–19.
  • Bayram, B., & Aksakal, V. (2008). Organik çiftlik hayvanları yetiştiriciliğinin esasları. Hasad Hayvancılık Dergisi, 24(279), 52-56.
  • Duman, M., Şekeroğlu, A., Yıldırım, A., Eleroğlu, H., & Camcı, O. (2016). Relation between egg shape index and egg quality characteristics. European Poultry Science, 80,1-9.
  • Durmuş, İ., & Alkan, S. (2015). Serbest system yumurta tavukçuluğu el kitabı. Olay ofset, 48 sayfa, Ordu.
  • Emamgholi, B.H., Zerchdaron, S., Hassani, S., Abbasi, M.A., & Khan Ahmadi, A.R. (2010). Heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of egg quality traits in Iranian native fowl. British Poultry Science, 51, 740-744.
  • Fajemilehin, S.O.K., Odubola, O.O., Fagbuaro, S.S., & Akinyemi, M.O. (2009). Phenotypic correlations between some external and internal egg quality traits in the Nigerian helmeted Guinea fowl, Numida meleagris galeata pallas. Applied Tropical Agriculture, 14, 102-108.
  • Haugh, R. R. (1937). The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. U.S. Egg and Poultry Magazine, 43, 552-555.
  • Kul, S., & Şeker, I. (2004). Phenotypic correlations between some external and internal egg quality traits in Japanese quail. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(6), 400–405.
  • Minitab, (2008). Minitab Statistical Software. State College, PA: Minitab, Inc.
  • Mohsenin, N. N. (1986). Physical Properties of Plant and Animal Materials. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.
  • Narushin, V. G., & Romanov, M. N. (2002). Egg Physical characteristics and hatchability. World's Poultry Science Journal, 58(3), 297–303.
  • Narushin, V. G. (2005). Egg geometry calculation using the measurements of length and breadth. Poultry Science, 84(3), 482–484.
  • Narushin, V. G., Romanov, M. N., & Griffin, D. K. (2021). Egg geometry and eggshell pore numbers: Re-evaluation based on modeling of gas conductance. Poultry Science, 100(5), 101080.
  • Nowaczewski, S., Witkiewicz, K., Fratczak, M., Kontecka, H., Rytkowski, A., Krystianiak, S., & Rosinski, A. (2008). Egg quality from domestic and French Guinea fowl. Nauka Przyroda Technologie, 2(2), 1-9.
  • Olawumi, S.O., & Ogunlade, J.T. (2008). Phenotypic correlation between some external and internal egg quality traits in the exotic Isa Brown layer breeders. Asian Journal of Poultry Science, 2(1), 30-35.
  • Onunkwo, D.D., & Okara, I.C. (2015). Phenotypic correlation between external and internal egg quality traits in three varieties of helmeted Guinea fowl from 28 to 46 weeks of age. International Journal of Livestock Research, 5, 60-70.
  • Panda, B., Singh, R. P. (1990). Developments in processing quail meat and eggs. World Poultry Sci. J. 46, 219-233. Réhault-Godbert, S., Guyot, N., & Nys, Y. (2019). The golden egg: Nutritional value, bioactivities and emerging benefits for human health. Nutrients, 11(3), 684.
  • Sarıca, M., & Erensayın, C. (2004). Tavuklarda Verim Özellikleri ve Kalıtımı. Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Sarıca, M., Erensayın, C., & Yamak, U. S. (2012). Yumurta kalite özelliklerinin tavuk genotiplerine göre farklılıkları. Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi, 14(1), 15-22.
  • Sezer, M., & Tarhan, S. (2005). Comparison of Japanese quail lines based on egg traits using various selection methods. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 50(1), 19–24.
  • Solomon, S. E. (2010). Egg and Eggshell Quality. CRC Press.
  • Song, K.T., Choi, S.H., & Oh, H.R. (2000). A comparison of egg quality of Pheasant, Chukar, Quail and Guinea Fowl. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 13 (7), 986-990.
  • Sreenivasiah, P. 82006). Poultry production. A unique encyclopedia. 3rd Ed. Bangalore, India.
  • Tebesi, T., Madibela, O.R., & Moreki, J.C. (2012). Effects of storage time on internal and external characteristics of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) eggs. Journal of Animal Science Advance, 2(6), 534-542.
  • Tilki, M., & Saatci, M. (2004). Effects of strain and age on egg traits in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(4), 259–265.
  • Tumova, E., & Gous, R. M. (2012). Interaction of egg type, age and temperature on egg quality. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 57(12), 541–549.
  • Türkoğlu, M., & Sarıca, M. (2009). Tavukçuluk Bilimi (Yetiştirme, Besleme, Hastalıklar). Bey Ofset Matbaacılık, Ankara. 600 sayfa.
  • Türkoğlu, M., & Sarıca, M. (2014). Tavukçuluk Bilimi: Yetiştirme, Beslenme, Hastalıklar. Bey-Ofset Matbaacılık.
  • Yang, H.M., Yang, Z., Wang, W., Wang, Z.Y., Sun, H.N., Ju, X.J., & Qi, X.M. (2014). Effects of different housing systems on visceral organs, serum biochemical proportions, immüne performance and egg quality of laying hens. European Poultry Science, 78, 1-9.
  • Yannakopoulos, A.L., & Tserveni-Gousi, A.S. (1986). Quality characteristics of quail eggs. British Poultry Science, 27, 171-176.
  • Yıldırım, I. (2005). Effects of breeder age and egg weight on hatchability and chick weight of Japanese quails. South African Journal of Animal Science, 35(2), 135–142.
  • Yılmaz, A., Tepeli, C., & Çağlayan, T. (2011). External and internal egg quality charact6eristics in Japanese quails of different plumage color lines. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 9(2), 375-379.
  • Yılmaz-Dikmen, B., & Niğdeci, H. (2019). Effects of strain and egg shape index on internal egg quality traits in laying hens. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(1), 61-67.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Poultry Farming and Treatment
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sezai Alkan 0000-0003-0601-0122

Submission Date August 22, 2025
Acceptance Date October 1, 2025
Publication Date December 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Alkan, S. (2025). Determining the Effects of Egg Shape Index on Egg Quality Traits in Cream-Colored Layer Hens. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 14(2), 313-323. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1769725