Tuz stresi koşullarında yetiştirilen soğanda çay atığı kompostu uygulamalarının etkileri
Year 2018,
, 1 - 8, 15.07.2018
Ercan Ekbiç
,
Ayşe Keskin
Abstract
Bu çalışma, tuzlu koşullarda çay atığı kompostu
uygulamalarının yeşil soğanda bitki gelişim parametreleri üzerine etkilerini
araştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme, Kantartopu soğan çeşidinin
arpacıkları kullanılarak tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlı
olarak kurulmuştur. Çay atığı kompostunun 0, 40, 80 ve 120 g dozları 3 kg’lık
saksılara kumlu-tın bünyeli toprak ile karıştırılarak doldurulmuştur. Dikilen
arpacıklar 4-5 cm yaprak uzunluğuna geldiğinde bitkiler tuz (0 mM ve 75 mM)
stresine maruz bırakılmıştır. Bitkiler tuz uygulamasından 30 gün sonra hasat
edilmiştir. Hasat edilen bitkilerde bitki gelişim parametreleri ile Na ve K
elementi içerikleri incelenmiştir. Tuzlu koşullarda çay atığı kompostu
uygulamaları kontrol parsellerine göre bitki taze ve kuru ağırlıkları, aks
uzunluğu, yaprak uzunluğu ve kök uzunluğu ile birlikte bitkilerin K içeriği
değerlerini önemli derecede artırmıştır. Çay atığı kompostunun artan seviyesi
ile birlikte bu parametrelerde artışlar gözlemlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte çay
atığı kompostu tuzlu koşullara toleransın bir göstergesi olan K/Na oranını da
önemli derecede artırmıştır. Çay atığı uygulanmayan tuzlu koşullarda K/Na oranı
0.91 iken 120 g uygulanmış parsellerde bu oran 1.79 olarak belirlenmiştir. Öte
yandan tuzlu koşullarda bitki kuru ağırlığı üzerinden hesaplanan tolerans
oranlarına bakıldığında artan çay atığı kompostu seviyesi ile birlikte tolerans
oranı değerlerinin arttığı görülmüştür. Kontrol koşullarında 0.72 olan tolerans
oranı 120 g çay atığı seviyesinde 0.98 olarak belirlenmiştir.
References
- Aktaş, H. Abak, K. Öztürk, L., Çakmak, İ., 2006. The effect of zinc on growth ve shoot concentrations of sodium ve potassium in pepper plants under salinity stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture ve Forestry, 30: 407-412.
- Amor del, F.M., Cuadra-Crespo, P., 2012. Plant growth-promoting bacteria as a tool to improve salinity tolerance in sweet pepper. Functional Plant Biology, 39 (1): 82-90.
- Apel, K., Hirt, H., 2004. Reactive oxygen species: Metabolism, oxidative stress, ve signal transduction. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 55: 373-399.
- Ashraf, M.Y., Awan, A.R., Mahmood, K., 2012. Rehabilitation of saline ecosystems through cultivation of salt tolerant plants. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44: 69-75.
- Bacilioa, M., Morenoa, M., Bashana, Y., 2016. Mitigation of negative effects of progressive soil salinity gradients by application of humic asits ve inoculation with Pseudomonas stutzeri in a salt-tolerant ve a salt-susceptible pepper. Applied Soil Ecology, 107: 394-404.
- Bilkis, A., Islam, M.R., Hafiz, M.H.R., Hasan, M.A., 2016. Effect of NaCl induced salinity on some physiological ve agronomic traits of wheat. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 48 (2): 455-460.
- Chapman, H.D., Pratt, P.F., Parker, F., 1961. Methods Of Analysis For Soils, Plant ve Waters. Üniv. of California, Divission of Agricultural Science Riverside/U.S.A. 60-61: 150-179.
- Çağlar, S., 2015. Fındık zurufu kompostu ve çay kompostu karışımlarının kıvırcık marulda (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa) verim ve kaliteye etkisi. Ordu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ordu, 67 s.
- Dasgan, H.Y., Aktas, H., Abak, K., Cakmak, I., 2002. Determination of screening techniques to salinity tolerance in tomatoes ve investigation of genotype responses. Plant Science, 163 (4): 695-703.
- Fekri, M. Gharanjig, L., Soliemanzadeh, A., 2016. Effects of salinity ve pistachio waste application on growth ve physiological responses of pistachio seedlings. Communications in Soil Science ve Plant Analysis, 47 (1): 112-120.
- Hussein, M.M., Faham, S.Y., Alva, A.K., 2014. Role of foliar application of nicotinic asit ve triptofan on onion plants response to salinity stress. Journal of Agricultural Science, 6 (8): 41-51.
- Karal, G., Ugur A., 2014. Lepidium sativum Cultivation in Organic Fertilizer Added Hazelnut Husk Compost. Ekoloji, 23(90): 33-39.
- Lima, M.D.B., Büll, L.T., Grassi Filho, H., 2006. Physiological indicies ve nutrient absorption of onion culture under salinity ve hydric stress conditions. Irriga, 11 (3): 356-366.
- López-Aguilar, R., Medina-Hernández, D., Ascencio-Valle, F., Troyo-Dieguez, E., Nieto-Garibay, A., Arce-Montoya, M., Larrinaga-Mayoral, J.A., Gómez-Veuro, G.A., 2012. Differential responses of Chiltepin (Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum) ve Poblano (Capsicum annuum var. annuum) hot peppers to salinity at the plantlet stage. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(11): 2642-2653.
- Manan, A., Ayyub, C.M., Pervez, M.A., Ahmad, R., 2016. Methyl jasmonate brings about resistance against salinity stressed tomato plants by altering biochemical ve physiological processes. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 53(1): 35-41.
- Martinez-Beltran, J., Manzur, C., 2005. Overview of salinity problems in the world ve FAO strategies to address the problem. Proceedings of the international salinity forum, Riverside, California, April 2005, 311-313.
- Özenç, N., Çalışkan, N., 2001. Effects of husk compost on hazelnut yield ve quality. Proceedings of the fifth international congress on hazelnut. 27-31 August, 2000, Corvallis, Oregon. 14-18 June, 2004, Tarragona-Reus, Spain.
- Özenç, N., Çaycı, G., 2005. The effects of hazelnut husk and other organic materials on hazelnut yield, some soil properties ve quality. Proceedings of the sixth international congress on hazelnut. 14-18 June, 2004, Tarragona-Reus, Spain. , Acta Horticulture 686: 297–307.
- Özer, H., 2017. Effects of shading ve organic fertilizers on tomato yield ve quality. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 49(5): 1849-1855.
- Pascual, J.A., Garcia, C., Hernveez, T., Ayuso, M., 1997. Changes in the microbial activity of an arid soil amended with organic wastes. Biology ve Fertility of Soil 24: 429-434.
- Pitman, M., Läuchli, A., 2002. Global impact of salinity ve agricultural ecosystems. Salinity: Environment–Plants–Molecules. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 3-20.
- Raza, M.A., Saeed, A., Munir, H., Ziaf, K., Shakeel, A., Saeed, N., Munawar, A., Rehman, F., 2017. Screening of tomato genotypes for salinity tolerance based on early growth attributes ve leaf inorganic osmolytes. Archives of Agronomy ve Soil Science, 63 (4): 501-512.
- Reddy, N., Crohn, D.M., 2012. Compost Induced Soil Salinity: A New Prediction Method ve Its Effect on Plant Growth. Compost Science & Utilization, 20 (3): 133-140.
- Rengasamy, P., 2006. World salinization with emphasis on Australia. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57: 1017-1023.
- Saqib, Z.A., Akhtar, J., Ul-Haq, M.A., Ahmed, I., 2012. Salt induced changes in leaf phenology of wheat plants are regulated by accumulation ve distribution pattern of Na+ ion. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 49: 141-148.
- Scheuerell, S.J., Mahaffee, W.F., 2004. Compost tea as a container medium drench for suppressing seedling damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum. Phytopathology, 94: 1156-1163.
- Serrano, R., Gaxicola, R., 1994. Microbial modelsve salt tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 13: 121-138.
- Shannon, M.C., 1997. Adaptation of plants to salinity. Advances in Agronomy, 60: 75-120.
- Sikder, M.U., Asadul Haque, M., Jodder, R., Kumar, T., Mondal, D., 2016. Polythene mulch ve ırrigation for mitigation of salinity effects on maize (Zea mays L.). The Agriculturists, 14 (2): 01-13.
- Suarez, D., 2006. Soil salinity ve farming sustainability related to crop yield ve quality, Meeting abstract: Opportunities ve challenges in Agricultural Water Reuse, Santa Rosa, California, October 29–31, pp. 29-31.
- Suhail, F.M., Mahdi, I.A., 2013. Test the efficiency of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus fasciculatum) ve magnetic water to reduce the effect of salinity on plant onion (Allium cepa L.). Bulletin UASMV serie Agriculture, 70 (2): 325-333.
- Tanji, K.K., 1990. Agricultural salinity assessment ve management. ASCE manuals ve reports on engineering practice (USA).
- Voss, R.E., Murray, M., Bradford, K., Marberry, K.S., Miller. I., 1999. Onion seed production in California. Division of Agriculture ve Natural Resources, Publication: 8008, ISBN-13: 978-1-60107-188-0.
Year 2018,
, 1 - 8, 15.07.2018
Ercan Ekbiç
,
Ayşe Keskin
References
- Aktaş, H. Abak, K. Öztürk, L., Çakmak, İ., 2006. The effect of zinc on growth ve shoot concentrations of sodium ve potassium in pepper plants under salinity stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture ve Forestry, 30: 407-412.
- Amor del, F.M., Cuadra-Crespo, P., 2012. Plant growth-promoting bacteria as a tool to improve salinity tolerance in sweet pepper. Functional Plant Biology, 39 (1): 82-90.
- Apel, K., Hirt, H., 2004. Reactive oxygen species: Metabolism, oxidative stress, ve signal transduction. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 55: 373-399.
- Ashraf, M.Y., Awan, A.R., Mahmood, K., 2012. Rehabilitation of saline ecosystems through cultivation of salt tolerant plants. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44: 69-75.
- Bacilioa, M., Morenoa, M., Bashana, Y., 2016. Mitigation of negative effects of progressive soil salinity gradients by application of humic asits ve inoculation with Pseudomonas stutzeri in a salt-tolerant ve a salt-susceptible pepper. Applied Soil Ecology, 107: 394-404.
- Bilkis, A., Islam, M.R., Hafiz, M.H.R., Hasan, M.A., 2016. Effect of NaCl induced salinity on some physiological ve agronomic traits of wheat. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 48 (2): 455-460.
- Chapman, H.D., Pratt, P.F., Parker, F., 1961. Methods Of Analysis For Soils, Plant ve Waters. Üniv. of California, Divission of Agricultural Science Riverside/U.S.A. 60-61: 150-179.
- Çağlar, S., 2015. Fındık zurufu kompostu ve çay kompostu karışımlarının kıvırcık marulda (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa) verim ve kaliteye etkisi. Ordu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ordu, 67 s.
- Dasgan, H.Y., Aktas, H., Abak, K., Cakmak, I., 2002. Determination of screening techniques to salinity tolerance in tomatoes ve investigation of genotype responses. Plant Science, 163 (4): 695-703.
- Fekri, M. Gharanjig, L., Soliemanzadeh, A., 2016. Effects of salinity ve pistachio waste application on growth ve physiological responses of pistachio seedlings. Communications in Soil Science ve Plant Analysis, 47 (1): 112-120.
- Hussein, M.M., Faham, S.Y., Alva, A.K., 2014. Role of foliar application of nicotinic asit ve triptofan on onion plants response to salinity stress. Journal of Agricultural Science, 6 (8): 41-51.
- Karal, G., Ugur A., 2014. Lepidium sativum Cultivation in Organic Fertilizer Added Hazelnut Husk Compost. Ekoloji, 23(90): 33-39.
- Lima, M.D.B., Büll, L.T., Grassi Filho, H., 2006. Physiological indicies ve nutrient absorption of onion culture under salinity ve hydric stress conditions. Irriga, 11 (3): 356-366.
- López-Aguilar, R., Medina-Hernández, D., Ascencio-Valle, F., Troyo-Dieguez, E., Nieto-Garibay, A., Arce-Montoya, M., Larrinaga-Mayoral, J.A., Gómez-Veuro, G.A., 2012. Differential responses of Chiltepin (Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum) ve Poblano (Capsicum annuum var. annuum) hot peppers to salinity at the plantlet stage. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(11): 2642-2653.
- Manan, A., Ayyub, C.M., Pervez, M.A., Ahmad, R., 2016. Methyl jasmonate brings about resistance against salinity stressed tomato plants by altering biochemical ve physiological processes. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 53(1): 35-41.
- Martinez-Beltran, J., Manzur, C., 2005. Overview of salinity problems in the world ve FAO strategies to address the problem. Proceedings of the international salinity forum, Riverside, California, April 2005, 311-313.
- Özenç, N., Çalışkan, N., 2001. Effects of husk compost on hazelnut yield ve quality. Proceedings of the fifth international congress on hazelnut. 27-31 August, 2000, Corvallis, Oregon. 14-18 June, 2004, Tarragona-Reus, Spain.
- Özenç, N., Çaycı, G., 2005. The effects of hazelnut husk and other organic materials on hazelnut yield, some soil properties ve quality. Proceedings of the sixth international congress on hazelnut. 14-18 June, 2004, Tarragona-Reus, Spain. , Acta Horticulture 686: 297–307.
- Özer, H., 2017. Effects of shading ve organic fertilizers on tomato yield ve quality. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 49(5): 1849-1855.
- Pascual, J.A., Garcia, C., Hernveez, T., Ayuso, M., 1997. Changes in the microbial activity of an arid soil amended with organic wastes. Biology ve Fertility of Soil 24: 429-434.
- Pitman, M., Läuchli, A., 2002. Global impact of salinity ve agricultural ecosystems. Salinity: Environment–Plants–Molecules. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 3-20.
- Raza, M.A., Saeed, A., Munir, H., Ziaf, K., Shakeel, A., Saeed, N., Munawar, A., Rehman, F., 2017. Screening of tomato genotypes for salinity tolerance based on early growth attributes ve leaf inorganic osmolytes. Archives of Agronomy ve Soil Science, 63 (4): 501-512.
- Reddy, N., Crohn, D.M., 2012. Compost Induced Soil Salinity: A New Prediction Method ve Its Effect on Plant Growth. Compost Science & Utilization, 20 (3): 133-140.
- Rengasamy, P., 2006. World salinization with emphasis on Australia. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57: 1017-1023.
- Saqib, Z.A., Akhtar, J., Ul-Haq, M.A., Ahmed, I., 2012. Salt induced changes in leaf phenology of wheat plants are regulated by accumulation ve distribution pattern of Na+ ion. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 49: 141-148.
- Scheuerell, S.J., Mahaffee, W.F., 2004. Compost tea as a container medium drench for suppressing seedling damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum. Phytopathology, 94: 1156-1163.
- Serrano, R., Gaxicola, R., 1994. Microbial modelsve salt tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 13: 121-138.
- Shannon, M.C., 1997. Adaptation of plants to salinity. Advances in Agronomy, 60: 75-120.
- Sikder, M.U., Asadul Haque, M., Jodder, R., Kumar, T., Mondal, D., 2016. Polythene mulch ve ırrigation for mitigation of salinity effects on maize (Zea mays L.). The Agriculturists, 14 (2): 01-13.
- Suarez, D., 2006. Soil salinity ve farming sustainability related to crop yield ve quality, Meeting abstract: Opportunities ve challenges in Agricultural Water Reuse, Santa Rosa, California, October 29–31, pp. 29-31.
- Suhail, F.M., Mahdi, I.A., 2013. Test the efficiency of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus fasciculatum) ve magnetic water to reduce the effect of salinity on plant onion (Allium cepa L.). Bulletin UASMV serie Agriculture, 70 (2): 325-333.
- Tanji, K.K., 1990. Agricultural salinity assessment ve management. ASCE manuals ve reports on engineering practice (USA).
- Voss, R.E., Murray, M., Bradford, K., Marberry, K.S., Miller. I., 1999. Onion seed production in California. Division of Agriculture ve Natural Resources, Publication: 8008, ISBN-13: 978-1-60107-188-0.