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Fındık ıslahında gelişmeler

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: Özel Sayı, 167 - 174, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.667662

Abstract

Dünya fındık üretimi son yılların ortalamalarına
göre yaklaşık olarak 900 bin ton olup bu üretim sürekli artış eğilimindedir. En
önemli fındık çeşitleri doğal yetişme alanlarındaki geniş bir popülasyon
içerisinden üretici gözlemlerine dayalı seleksiyonlarla ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Buna en güzel örnek üstün kalitesi ile ‘Tombul’ çeşidi verilebilir. Fındık
ıslahında dikkate alınan temel özellikler meyve ve verim özellikleri,
morfolojik ve fenolojik özellikler, dayanıklılık ve anaç üzerine
yoğunlaşmaktadır. Türkiye ve İtalya en büyük üretici ülke olmasına rağmen son
yıllarda fındık ıslahı konusunda en geniş çalışmalar ABD’de yürütülmektedir.
Son yıllarda moleküler marker tekniklerine dayalı çalışmalar üzerine
yoğunlaşılmış ve önemli ilerlemeler kaydedilmiştir. EFB ye dayanıklı yeni çeşit
olarak ‘Gasaway’ geliştirilmiş ve sonraki çalışmalarda bu dayanıklılık genleri
kullanılmıştır. ‘Okay28’, ‘Giresun Melezi’, ‘Allahverdi’, ‘Jefferson’,
Webster’, ‘Yamhill’, ‘PollyO’ son yıllarda geliştirilen yeni çeşitlere örnek olarak
verilebilir. Çeşit ve anaç ıslahı uzun süreli ve sabır isteyen bir iştir. Çok
yönlü, kapsamlı ve sürdürülebilir olan çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulur. Farklı
ekolojiler için yüksek verimli, kaliteli, biotik ve abiyotik koşullara
dayanıklı çeşitler elde etmek esastır. Farklı tüketim alışkanlıklarına uygun
çeşitlerin de geliştirilmesi arzulanmaktadır. Ayrıca rekreasyonel açıdan da
peyzaj tasarımlarında fındık ıslahı önem taşımaktadır. 

References

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Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: Özel Sayı, 167 - 174, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.667662

Abstract

References

  • Akbas, B., Degirmenci, K. 2010. Simultaneous detection of Apple mosaic virus in cultivated hazelnuts by one-tube RT-PCR. African Journal of Biotechnology 9(12), 1753–7. doi:10.5897/AJB10.1749.
  • Anon. 2019. ‘Allahverdi’ hazelnut cultivar. Available at: https ://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/findik.
  • Ava, H., Javadi, S., Bahman, D. T. 2010. Selection of Suitable Polinazer for Selected Hazelnut Cultivars. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Iran, 30p.
  • Balık, H. İ. 2018. Investigations of xenia and metaxenia in hazelnut. PhD thesis. Ondokuz Mayis University Department of Horticulture, Samsun, 274p.
  • Balık, H. İ., Balık, S. K., Köse, Ç., Duyar, Ö., Sıray, E., Sezer, A., Turan, A., Beyhan, N., Erdoğan, V., İslam, A., Kurt, H., Ak, K., Kalkışım, Ö. 2014. Development of the new cultivars of hazelnut by selection from Tombul hazelnut populations in Giresun and Trabzon Provinces. In: International Mesopotamia Agriculture Congress, Proceeding Books. GAP International Research and Training Center, Diyarbakır, Turkey, pp. 172–9.
  • Balık, H. İ., Kayalak Balık, S., Okay, A. N. 2015. New hazelnut cultivars (Okay 28 and Giresun Melezi). The Journal of Harran. Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri 19(2), 104–9.
  • Bassil, N. V., Botta, R., Mehlenbacher, S. A. 2005. Microsatellite markers in hazelnut: isolation, characterization, and cross-species amplification. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 130(4), 543–9. doi:10.21273/JASHS.130.4.543.
  • Bassil, N., Boccacci, P., Botta, R., Postman, J., Mehlenbacher, S. 2013. Nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers to assess genetic diversity and evolution in hazelnut species, hybrids and cultivars. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 60(2), 543–68. doi:10.1007/s10722-012-9857-z.
  • Beltramo, C., Valentini, N., Portis, E., Torello Marinoni, D., Boccacci, P., Sandoval Prando, M. A., Botta, R. 2016. Genetic mapping and QTL analysis in European Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). Molecular Breeding 36(3), 27. doi:10.1007/s11032-016-0450-6.
  • Beyhan, N. 1993. Flower biology of some important nut varieties. PhD thesis. Ondokuzmayıs University, Institute of Science, Department of Horticulture, Samsun, 175p (in Turkish).
  • Beyhan, N. 1998. Some biological observations and investigations in hazelnut. Project results. Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Horticulture, Samsun (in Turkish).
  • Beyhan, N. 2000. Fertilization biology of hazelnut. Ondokuzmayıs University Journal of Agricultural Faculty 15(2), 116–22 (in Turkish).
  • Bhattarai, G., Mehlenbacher, S. A. 2018. Discovery, characterization, and linkage mapping of simple sequence repeat markers in hazelnut. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 143(5), 347–62. doi:10.21273/JASHS04461-18.
  • Boccacci, P., Akkak, A., Bassil, N. V., Mehlenbacher, S. A., Botta, R. 2005. Characterization and evaluation of microsatellite loci in European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) and their transferability to other Corylus species. Molecular Ecology Notes 5(4), 934–7. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01121.x.
  • Boccacci, P., Akkak, A., Botta, R. 2006. DNA typing and genetic relations among European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars using microsatellite markers. Genome 49(6), 598–611. doi:10.1139/g06-017.
  • Botta, R., Gianotti, C., Me, G. 1997. Kernel quality in hazelnut cultivars and selections analysed for sugars, lipids and fatty acid composition. In: IV International Symposium on Hazelnut (vol. 445), pp. 319–26.
  • Botu, M., Achim, G., Cosmulescu, S. 2015. Germplasm evaluation, conservation and breeding of nut crops in Romania. In: 1st European Fruit Research Institutes Network Shell Fruit Species Meeting, Abstract Book, 23.
  • Botu, M., Botu, I., Achim, G., Preda, S., Scutelnicu, A., Giura, S. 2017. Conservation of fruit tree genetic resources and their use in the breeding process. Annals “Valahia” University of Targoviste – Agriculture 11(1), 66–9. doi:10.1515/agr-2017-0013.
  • Capik, J. M., Muehlbauer, M., Novy, A., Honig, J. A., Molnar, T. J. 2013. Eastern filbert blight-resistant hazelnuts from Russia, Ukraine and Poland. HortScience 48(4), 466– 73. doi:10.21273/HORTSCI.48.4.466.
  • Çayan, M., İslam, A. 2019. Clonal selection in ‘Çakıldak’ cultivar grown in Gürgentepe district. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 8(1), 25–32 (in Turkish).
  • Chen, H., Mehlenbacher, S. A., Smith, D. C. 2007. Hazelnut accessions provide new sources of resistance to eastern filbert blight. HortScience 42(3), 466–9. doi:10.21273/HORTSCI.42.3.466.
  • Colburn, B. C., Mehlenbacher, S. A., Sathuvalli, V. R. 2017. Development and mapping of microsatellite markers from transcriptome sequences of European Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) and use for germplasm characterization. Molecular Breeding 37(2), 16. doi:10.1007/s11032-016-0616-2.
  • Coyne, C. J., Mehlenbacher, S. A., Smith, D. C. 1998. Sources of resistance to eastern filbert blight in hazelnut. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123(2), 253–7. doi:10.21273/JASHS.123.2.253.
  • Crepinsek, Z., Stampar, F., Bogataj, L., Solar, A. 2012. The response of Corylus avellana L. phenology to rising temperature in north-eastern Slovenia. International Journal of Biometeorology 56(4), 681–94. doi:10.1007/s00484-011-0469-7.
  • Danielsson-Santesson, B. 1951. Fortsatta Undersökningar av polyploid hassel. (Investigations of polyploid hazels) Sveriges Pom. Fören. Årsskrift 52, 84–94. (In Germain)
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Horticultural Production
Journal Section Derleme
Authors

Ali İslam 0000-0002-2165-7111

Publication Date December 31, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 8 Issue: Özel Sayı

Cite

APA İslam, A. (2019). Fındık ıslahında gelişmeler. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 8(Özel Sayı), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.667662

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