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Datura stramonium L.’da Tohum Uygulamaları ile Dormansinin Kırılması

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 113 - 118, 11.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1229983

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Datura stramonium L.'un tohumlarında dormansiyi kırmak amacıyla yapılan ön üşütme ve sülfürik asit uygulaması ile giberellik asit (GA3) dozlarının etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Tohumlara 4°C ve 10°C sıcaklıklarda 7 gün ön üşütme, sülfirik asitte (%97-98’lik H2SO4) 15 dakika aşındırma ve artan dozlarda giberellik asit (250, 500 ve 1000 ppm GA3) uygulanmıştır. Tohumlar hidrasyon için distile su ile muamele edilmiş ve işlem görmemiş tohumlar kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Kontrol ve ön üşütme yapılan D. stramonium tohumlarında çimlenme olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Tohumlarda dormansinin hem sert kabuktan hem de fizyolojik etkilerden kaynaklandığı ve dormansi oranının %100 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kontrol tohumlarında ortalama çimlenme süresi ve çimlenme indeksi, çimlenme olmadığı için hesaplanamamıştır. Dormansiyi kırmada kimyasal aşındırma faydalı bir etki gösterse de, giberellik asit uygulaması sülfürik aside kıyasla çimlenmeyi arttırmada daha etkili bulunmuştur. Aşındırılmış ve 1000 ppm GA3 uygulanmış tohumların çimlenme yüzdesi %0.0’dan %44.5’e artarken, 1000 ppm GA3 uygulanan tohumların çimlenme oranı %68.5 olmuştur. GA3 dozları ve kimyasal aşındırma uygulaması ortalama çimlenme süresini kısaltmıştır. Ayrıca, aşındırma yapılmayan tohumların çimlenme indeksi GA3 uygulaması ile artmıştır. Tüm GA3 dozları, kontrol tohumlarından daha yüksek çimlenme indeksi vermiştir. En yüksek sürgün uzunluğu 14.6 cm ile en yüksek GA3 seviyesinde ölçülmüştür.
Sonuç: Kimyasal aşındırma olmadan 1000 ppm GA3 uygulaması ile tohum dormansinin etkili bir şekilde kırılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

References

  • Baskin, M.J., & Baskin, C.C. (2004). A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research, 14(1), 1-16.
  • Bisht, V. K., Dhutraj, S. B., Uniyal, R. J. & Pathak, J. M. (2019). Simple method of improved seed germination in Datura metel L. Journal of Forestry and Science Horticulture, 1(2), 1-4.
  • Brown, N. A. C., & Bridglall, S. S. (1987). Preliminary studies of seed dormancy in Datura stramonium. South African Journal of Botany, 53(1), 107-109.
  • Dorado, J., Fernández-Quintanilla, C., & Grundy, A. C. (2009). Germination patterns in naturally chilled and nonchilled seeds of fierce thornapple (Datura ferox) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, 57(2), 155-162.
  • Ghadamyari, S., Mozafari, J., Sokhandan, B. N., Mousavi, L., & Rakhshandehroo, F. (2011). Synergistic effects of mechanical and chemical treatments on seed germination of Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.). Iranian Journal of Biology, 24(6), 809-817.
  • ISTA (2003). International rules for seed testing. International Seed Testing Association Edition 2003, Bassersdorf.
  • Kenanoğlu, B. B., Yavuz, D. Ö., & Lökçü, A. O. (2019). Güç testleri ile farklı yıllara ait Datura stramonium L. tohumlarının canlılıklarının belirlenmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, 8(3), 97-109.
  • Moosavi, S. S., Nosrati, P., & Abdollahi, M. R. (2021). Effect of physical and chemical treatments on breaking seed dormancy of datura (Datura stramonium L.). Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 9(4), 89-98.
  • Mousavi, L., Wan Ishak, W.R., & Mousavi, M. (2019). Evaluation of physicochemical methods for dormancy breakage and germination of Datura stramonium seeds. Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 9(3), 217-224.
  • Mu, X., Shi, L., Zhao, Y., Duan, L., & Lei, J. (2011). Seed dormancy mechanism and dormancy breaking methods of Datura stramonium L. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 31(4), 683-689.
  • Reisman-Beirman, B. B., Kigel J., & Rubin, B. (1989). Short soaking in water inhibits germination of Datura ferox L. and D. stramonium L. seeds. Weed Research, 29, 357-363.
  • Salehzade, H., Shishvan, M.I., Ghiyasi, M., Forouzin, F., & Siyahjani, A.A. (2009). Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Research Journal of Biological Sciences Introduction, 4(5), 629-631.
  • Sanchez, R.A., Soriano, A., & Slabnik, S. (1966). The interaction of the seed coat and gibberellic acid in the germination of Datura ferox L. Canadian Journal of Botany, 45(1), 371-376.
  • Surki, A.A., Rouhi, H. R., Moradi, A., Zeinali, F., & Alimoradi, J. (2017). Methods for overcoming seed dormancy in jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, (Special issue), 35-41.
  • Veblen, K.E. (2012). Savanna glade hotspots: Plant community development and synergy with large herbivores. Journal of Arid Environment, 78, 119-127.
  • Weaver, S.E., & Warwick, S. I. (1984). The biology of Canadian weeds.: 64. Datura stramonium L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 64(4), 979-991.

Dormancy-breaking Seed Treatments for Datura stramonium L.

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 113 - 118, 11.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1229983

Abstract

Purpose: The study aimed to overcome the seed dormancy of Datura stramonium L. by chemical scarification, pre-chilling, and different gibberellic acid (GA3) levels.
Materials and Methods: The seeds were prechilled at 4°C and 10°C for 7 days and treated with sulfuric acid (97-98% H2SO4) for 15 minutes, and increasing doses of GA3 (250, 500, and 1000 ppm). Distilled water for hydration and untreated seeds served as a control.
Results: The results showed that no germination was observed in the control and prechilled seeds of Datura stramonium L. The dormancy rate was 100% and the seed dormancy resulted from both hard seed coat and physical dormancy. Mean germination time and germination index of control seeds could not be calculated because no seed germination occurred. Although the chemical scarification showed a beneficial effect for breaking dormancy, the gibberellic acid applications were more effective seed treatments for increasing germination compared to sulfuric acid. The germination percentage increased from 0.0% to 44.5% in the seeds scarified and treated with 1000 ppm GA3, while the germination percentage of primed seeds with 1000 ppm GA3 was 68.5%. Mean germination time was lessened by GA3 doses and scarification. Furthermore, the germination index was promoted by the applications of GA3, especially in the seeds without scarification. The higher germination index was obtained from control seeds under all levels of GA3. The highest shoot length was measured at the highest level of GA3 with 14.6 cm.
Conclusion: Seed dormancy can be effectively broken by the application of 1000 ppm GA3 without chemical scarification.

References

  • Baskin, M.J., & Baskin, C.C. (2004). A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research, 14(1), 1-16.
  • Bisht, V. K., Dhutraj, S. B., Uniyal, R. J. & Pathak, J. M. (2019). Simple method of improved seed germination in Datura metel L. Journal of Forestry and Science Horticulture, 1(2), 1-4.
  • Brown, N. A. C., & Bridglall, S. S. (1987). Preliminary studies of seed dormancy in Datura stramonium. South African Journal of Botany, 53(1), 107-109.
  • Dorado, J., Fernández-Quintanilla, C., & Grundy, A. C. (2009). Germination patterns in naturally chilled and nonchilled seeds of fierce thornapple (Datura ferox) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, 57(2), 155-162.
  • Ghadamyari, S., Mozafari, J., Sokhandan, B. N., Mousavi, L., & Rakhshandehroo, F. (2011). Synergistic effects of mechanical and chemical treatments on seed germination of Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.). Iranian Journal of Biology, 24(6), 809-817.
  • ISTA (2003). International rules for seed testing. International Seed Testing Association Edition 2003, Bassersdorf.
  • Kenanoğlu, B. B., Yavuz, D. Ö., & Lökçü, A. O. (2019). Güç testleri ile farklı yıllara ait Datura stramonium L. tohumlarının canlılıklarının belirlenmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, 8(3), 97-109.
  • Moosavi, S. S., Nosrati, P., & Abdollahi, M. R. (2021). Effect of physical and chemical treatments on breaking seed dormancy of datura (Datura stramonium L.). Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 9(4), 89-98.
  • Mousavi, L., Wan Ishak, W.R., & Mousavi, M. (2019). Evaluation of physicochemical methods for dormancy breakage and germination of Datura stramonium seeds. Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 9(3), 217-224.
  • Mu, X., Shi, L., Zhao, Y., Duan, L., & Lei, J. (2011). Seed dormancy mechanism and dormancy breaking methods of Datura stramonium L. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 31(4), 683-689.
  • Reisman-Beirman, B. B., Kigel J., & Rubin, B. (1989). Short soaking in water inhibits germination of Datura ferox L. and D. stramonium L. seeds. Weed Research, 29, 357-363.
  • Salehzade, H., Shishvan, M.I., Ghiyasi, M., Forouzin, F., & Siyahjani, A.A. (2009). Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Research Journal of Biological Sciences Introduction, 4(5), 629-631.
  • Sanchez, R.A., Soriano, A., & Slabnik, S. (1966). The interaction of the seed coat and gibberellic acid in the germination of Datura ferox L. Canadian Journal of Botany, 45(1), 371-376.
  • Surki, A.A., Rouhi, H. R., Moradi, A., Zeinali, F., & Alimoradi, J. (2017). Methods for overcoming seed dormancy in jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, (Special issue), 35-41.
  • Veblen, K.E. (2012). Savanna glade hotspots: Plant community development and synergy with large herbivores. Journal of Arid Environment, 78, 119-127.
  • Weaver, S.E., & Warwick, S. I. (1984). The biology of Canadian weeds.: 64. Datura stramonium L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 64(4), 979-991.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Botany
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mehmet Demir Kaya 0000-0002-4681-2464

Pınar Harmancı 0000-0003-4193-0450

Publication Date July 11, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kaya, M. D., & Harmancı, P. (2023). Dormancy-breaking Seed Treatments for Datura stramonium L. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 12(1), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1229983