Yüksek İşlevli Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Bireylere Sosyal Becerilerin Öğretimi: Sistematik Gözden Geçirme

Abstract

Bu araştırmada Yüksek İşlevli Otizm (YİO) ve Asperger Sendromu (AS) tanısı olan bireylere sosyal beceri öğretiminde farklı yöntem ve uygulamaların etkililiğini inceleyen araştırmalara ulaşılması ve bu araştırmaların demografik özellikleri, yöntemsel özellikleri ile sonuçları bağlamında incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Nisan 2020 tarihine kadar yayımlanmış olan araştırmaların belirlenmesi için Academic Search Complete, Article First, EBSCOhost, JSTOR, PsycINFO, Sciencedirect, Worldcat.org ve Web of Science veri tabanlarında taramalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tarama sonucunda ulaşılan 120 araştırma dahil etme ve dışlama ölçütlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda 30 araştırma dahil edilmiştir. Analizi yapılan araştırmalarda sınırlı yaş grubuyla çalışıldığı, katılımcılara ilişkin sunulan bilgilerin yetersiz olduğu, genellikle uygun etkileşim becerilerine odaklanıldığıve uygulamaların çoğunlukla davranışsal beceri öğretimine dayandığı bulgularına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, ileri araştırmaların niteliksel göstergeler göz önünde bulundurularak yüksek nitelikli olarak tasarlanması ve YİO ve AS tanısı olan bireyler için sosyal beceri öğretiminde bilimsel-dayanaklı olan uygulamaların belirlenmesi amacıyla bir meta-analiz araştırmasının yürütülmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Yüksek işlevli otizm
• Asperger sendromu
• Sosyal beceri
• Betimsel analiz

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