Negatif Bilgi Kavramı: Hata ve Başarısızlıklardan Öğrenme

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 14 - 22, 01.02.2010

Burhan Akpınar Süleyman Akdoğan

Öz

Bu çalışmada, hatalara dayalı olarak yapılandırılan negatif bilgi kavramı tartışılmıştır. Deneme-yanılma yoluyla ve yansıtmacı analiz şeklinde yapılandırılan negatif bilginin teorik temelleri, yapılandırmacılık ve üstbilişe dayandırılmaktadır. Negatif bilgi, hedefe gitmeyen yolları gösteren zihnin uyarı işaretlerinin toplamı ve yapılmaması gerekenleri bilme (negatif uzmanlık) olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Negatif bilgi, kişisel gelişim, problem çözme ve bilgelik düzeyinde öğrenmede kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Pozitif bilgiye odaklı eğitimin sınırlılıklarına karşın; negatif bilgi, öğrenme sürecinde hataları “daha fazla hata yapmayı önleyecek” biçimde işe koşarak, öğrencilerin risk alma, yaratıcılık ve girişimcilik gibi özelliklerine destek sağlama potansiyeline sahiptir. Ayrıca okulların da, hatalarından ders çıkararak, “öğrenen örgütler” başarısızlıklar” olarak önemli bir işlev görebilir. Bu özellikleriyle negatif bilgi, pozitif bilgiyi tamamlayıcı olarak, öğrenmede bilinen yollara yeni perspektifler sağlayabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Negatif bilgi, Hata ve başarısızlıklardan öğrenme, Negatif bilgi ve öğrenme

Negative Knowledge Concept: Learning from Mistakes and Failures

Öz

In this paper, negative knowledge concept which is constructed
based on mistakes has been discussed. The foundations of negative
knowledge which are constructed through trial and error and
reflective analysis have been based on constructivism and
metacognition. Negative knowledge, as defined as the overall of
warning signs of mind showing the ways that do not go to target
and knowing what not to do (negative expertise). Negative
knowledge is of critical importance in personal development,
problem solving and learning in wisdom level. Despite the
limitations of education focused on positive knowledge, negative
knowledge has the potential to support students’ characteristics,
such as taking risk, creativity and enterprise by using mistakes in a
way that prevents more mistakes. Besides, negative knowledge
may work out as “wise failures” in making individuals “learning
organizations” by taking lessons from their mistakes at their
schools. Negative knowledge, with all these features, as
complementary of positive knowledge, can provide new
perspectives for already known ways in learning.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Negative knowledge, learning from mistakes and failures, negative knowledge and learning.

Kaynakça

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