YUNANİSTAN’DA PANHELLENİK SOSYALİST HAREKETİN (PASOK) KURULUŞU VE İKTİDARA YÜKSELİŞİ (1974-1981)

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 635 - 681, 31.12.2021

Bilge Ustaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.30903/Balkan.1036934

Abstract

Yunanistan’da 1967’den beri hüküm süren Albaylar Cuntasının 1974 yazında düşmesi ülkede parlamenter demokrasiye geçiş sürecini başlatmıştır. Sürecin hemen başında, 3 Eylül 1974’te de Andreas Papandreu Panhellenik Sosyalist Hareketi (PASOK) kurmuş ve Parti 1981 yılında iktidara gelmiştir. Panhellenik Sosyalist Hareket, demokrasinin yeniden tesis edildiği 1974 sonrası Yunan siyasetinde Yeni Demokrasi ile birlikte en önemli iki siyasi partiden birisi, hatta birincisi olmuştur. Papandreu ve partisinin getirdiği siyasi ve kültürel “değişim”, muhalefette olduğu 1970’lerin ikinci yarısı kadar iktidar yılları olan 1980’ler ve 1990’ların ilk yarısında da Yunanistan’a damgasını vurmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Panhellenik Sosyalist Hareketin kuruluş ve gelişim süreci analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma, Partinin siyaset sahnesine çıktığı 1974 ile iktidara geldiği 1981 yılları arasını kapsamaktadır. Hareketin merkezde olduğu çalışma ile cunta sonrası Yunanistan’ının siyasi sistemi ve partilerinin özelliklerine, incelenen dönem açısından ışık tutmak amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Yunanistan, PASOK, Andreas Papandreu, Metapolitefsi, Değişim

THE FOUNDATION AND RISE TO POWER OF THE PANHELLENIC SOCIALIST MOVEMENT (PASOK) IN GREECE (1974-1981)

Abstract

The fall of the Junta of Colonels, which had been reining in Greece since 1967, in the summer of 1974 ushered the transition into parliamentary democracy in the country. On 3 September 1974, at the very beginning of this transition process, Andreas Papandreou announced the founding of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) and the Party came to the power in 1981. Panhellenic Socialist Movement became one of the two most important political parties, or even the first, along with New Democracy in the Greek political scene after 1974, when the democracy was restored. The political and cultural “change” brought into by Papandreou and his party left its mark in Greece both during the second half of the 1970s, when the Party was in opposition, and during the 1980s and first half of the 1990s, when it was in power. In this study, the establishment and development process of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement has been analysed. The study covers the period between 1974, when the party appeared on the political scene, and 1981 when it came to the power. The purpose of the study, which focuses on the Movement, is to shed light on Greece’s post-junta political system and the characteristics of parties in terms of the studied period.

Keywords

Greece, PASOK, Andreas Papandreou, Metapolitefsi, Change

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