Mediating Effect of Happiness in the Relationship between Positive Childhood Experiences and Social Media Addiction in Young Adults

Yıl 2024, , 235 - 243, 30.09.2024

Gülçin Güler Öztekin

https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.1389481

Öz

Objective: This study focuses on exploring the connection between positive experiences during childhood, overall happiness, and the propensity for social media addiction in young adults.
Method: The study gathered data from 413 young adults in Turkey, averaging 25.73 years in age (Standard Deviation=4.77). Data collection involved using the Positive Childhood Experiences Scale, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and the Social Media Addiction Scale. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the mediating effect of happiness.
Results: Positive childhood experiences were positively associated with happiness and negatively associated with social media addiction. There was a negative relationship between happiness and social media addiction. Happiness played a mediating role in the relationship between positive childhood experiences and social media addiction.
Conclusion: Participants with favorable experiences in childhood reported higher levels of happiness and less social media addiction. These results suggest that the social media addiction prevention and intervention programs should focus efforts on enhancing happiness and positive childhood experiences.

Anahtar Kelimeler

positive childhood experiences, happiness, social media addiction, young adults

Genç Yetişkinlerde Olumlu Çocukluk Yaşantıları ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı İlişkisinde Mutluluğun Aracılık Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı genç yetişkinlerde olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları, mutluluk ve sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkisinin araştırılmasıdır.
Yöntem: Veriler yaş ortalaması 25.73 (SS=4,77) olan 413 Türk genç yetişkinden elde edilmiştir. Veriler Olumlu Çocukluk Yaşantıları Ölçeği, Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Mutluluğun aracılık etkisini incelemek amacıyla aracılık analizi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonuçları, olumlu çocukluk yaşantılarının mutlulukla pozitif, sosyal medya bağımlılığıyla ise negatif ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Mutluluk ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular mutluluğun, olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkide aracı rol oynadığını da ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Sonuç: Çocuklukta olumlu deneyimler yaşayan katılımcılar daha yüksek düzeyde mutluluk ve daha az sosyal medya bağımlılığı yaşadıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Bu sonuçlar, sosyal medya bağımlılığını önleme ve müdahale programlarının mutluluğu ve olumlu çocukluk yaşantılarını artırma çabalarına odaklanması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları, mutluluk, sosyal medya bağımlılığı, genç yetişkinler

Kaynakça

• Webster EM. The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health and development in young children. Glob Pediatr Health 2022; 9: 2333794X221078708..
• Narayan AJ, Rivera LM, Bernstein RE, et al. Positive childhood experiences predict less psychopathology and stress in pregnant women with childhood adversity: A pilot study of the benevolent childhood experiences (BCEs) scale. Child Abuse Negl 2018; 78: 19-30.
• Sege RD, Browne CH. Responding to ACEs with HOPE: Health outcomes from positive experiences. Acad Pediatr 2017; 17(7): 79-85.
• Kosterman R, Mason WA, Haggerty KP, et al. Positive childhood experiences and positive adult functioning: Prosocial continuity and the role of adolescent substance use. J Adolesc Health 2011; 49(2): 180-186.
• Kocatürk M, Çiçek İ. Relationship between positive childhood experiences and psychological resilience in university students: The mediating role of self-esteem. J Psychol Couns Sch 2023; 33(1): 78-89.
• Zhang L, Fang J, Zhang D, et al. Poly-victimization and psychopathological symptoms in adolescence: Examining the potential buffering effect of positive childhood experiences. J Affect Disord 2021; 282: 1308-1314.
• Demir Y. Relationships among childhood experiences, happiness and social media addictions in adolescents. Educational Process: International Journal 2021; 10(1): 13-26.
• 8.Schou Andreassen C, Pallesen S. Social network site addiction-an overview. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20(25): 4053-4061.
• Cheng C, Lau Y-c, Chan L, Luk JW. Prevalence of social media addiction across 32 nations: Meta-analysis with subgroup analysis of classification schemes and cultural values. Addict Behav 2021; 117: 106845.
• Sayili U, Pirdal BZ, Kara B, et al. Internet addiction and social media addiction in medical faculty students: Prevalence, related factors, and association with life satisfaction. J Community Health 2023; 48(2): 189-198.
• Yıldırım M, Çiçek İ, Öztekin GG, et al. Associations between problematic social media use and psychological adjustment in Turkish adolescents: Mediating roles of family relationships. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023; doi: 10.1007/s11469-023-01138-3.
• Savci M, Aysan F. Technological addictions and social connectedness: predictor effect of internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction on social connectedness. Dusunen Adam 2017; 30(3): 202-216.
• Duradoni M, Innocenti F, Guazzini A. Well-being and social media: A systematic review of Bergen addiction scales. Future Internet 2020; 12(2): 24.
• Zheng X, Huang L, Xie Z, et al. Relationship between warm childhood memories and mobile phone addiction: A moderated mediation model. Psychol Rep 2022; doi: 10.1177/00332941221135479.
• Hsieh Y-P, Hwa H-L, Shen AC-T, et al. Ecological predictors and trajectory of internet addiction from childhood through adolescence: A nationally representative longitudinal study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18(12): 6253.
• Chegeni M, Nakhaee N, Shahrbabaki PM, et al. Does childhood trauma associate with social media addiction? A Cross-sectional study from Iran. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023; 21: 2225–2237.
• Diener E, Lucas RE, Oishi S. Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. Lopez SJ, Snyder CR (editors). 2. Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002: 63-73.
• Deci EL, Ryan RM. Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life's domains. Can Psychol 2008; 49(1): 14-23.
• Deci EL, Ryan RM. The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychol Inq 2000; 11(4): 227-268.
• Deci EL, Ryan RM. “Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life’s domains”: Correction to Deci and Ryan (2008). Can Psychol 2008; 49(3): 262.
• Ahmed HAAEK, Mohamed BES. Relationship between morality, happiness, and social support among elderly people. Middle East Current Psychiatry 2022; 29(1): 31.
• Satici SA, Kayis AR, Satici B, et al. Resilience, hope, and subjective happiness among the Turkish population: Fear of COVID-19 as a mediator. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023; 21(2): 803-818.
• Bieda A, Hirschfeld G, Schönfeld P, et al. Happiness, life satisfaction and positive mental health: Investigating reciprocal effects over four years in a Chinese student sample. J Res Pers 2019; 78: 198-209.
• Batcho KI, Nave AM, DaRin ML. A retrospective survey of childhood experiences. J Happiness Stud 2011; 12: 531-545.
• Froiland JM, Worrell FC, Oh H. Teacher–student relationships, psychological need satisfaction, and happiness among diverse students. Psychol Sch 2019; 56(5): 856-870.
• Huang CC, Chen Y, Cheung S, et al. Adverse childhood experiences, mindfulness and happiness in Chinese college students during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Child Fam Soc Work 2021; 26(4): 677-686.
• Söyünmez S, Seki Öz H. Childhood traumatic experiences and happiness of nursing students: a mixed methods study. Child Maltreat 2022; doi: 10.1177/10775595221143530.
• Sood S. Happiness as mediator between resiliency and mental health in university students. Indian J Health Wellbeing 2013; 4(2): 252-255.
• Olawa BD, Idemudia ES. A bi-directional mediation analysis of psychological distress, happiness, and life satisfaction among community dwellers in a semi-urban setting. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021: 1-13.
• Bethell C, Jones J, Gombojav N, et al. Positive childhood experiences and adult mental and relational health in a statewide sample: Associations across adverse childhood experiences levels. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173(11): e193007-e193007.
• Çiçek İ, Çeri V. Olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ölçeği: Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Humanistic Perspective 2021; 3(3): 643-659.
• Hills P, Argyle M. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. J Individ Differ 2002; 33(7): 1073-1082.
• Doğan T, Çötok NA. Oxford mutluluk ölçeği kısa formunun Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi 2011; 4(36): 165-172.
• Şahin C, Yağcı M. Sosyal Medya Bağimliliği Ölçeği-yetişkin formu: geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalişmasi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 2017; 18(1): 523-538.
• Hayes AF. Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Kenny DA, Little TD (editors). 2. Edition, New York: Guilford publications, 2017.
• Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics. 7. Edition, Boston: Pearson, 2013.
• Shaw L, Hansen H, St Clair-Thompson H. Mental toughness is a mediator of the relationship between positive childhood experiences and wellbeing. Eur J Dev Psychol 2023; 20(1): 130-146.
• Kelifa MO, Yang Y, Carly H, et al. How adverse childhood experiences relate to subjective wellbeing in college students: The role of resilience and depression. J Happiness Stud 2021; 22: 2103-2123.
• Merz E-M, Jak S. The long reach of childhood. Childhood experiences influence close relationships and loneliness across life. Adv Life Course Res 2013; 18(3): 212-222.
• Yayman E, Bilgin O. Relationship between social media addiction, game addiction and family functions. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education 2020; 9(4): 979-986.
• Baltaci Ö. The predictive relationships between the social media addiction and social anxiety, loneliness, and happiness. International Journal of Progressive Education 2019; 15(4): 73-82.
• Longstreet P, Brooks S. Life satisfaction: A key to managing internet & social media addiction. Technol Soc 2017; 50: 73-77.
• Steinberger P, Kim H. Social comparison of ability and fear of missing out mediate the relationship between subjective well-being and social network site addiction. Front Psychol 2023; 14: 1157489.
• Cıplak E. Variables predicting social media addiction: narcissism, happiness and average weekly time spent on social media. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences 2020; 12(5): 48-58.
• Phu B, Gow AJ. Facebook use and its association with subjective happiness and loneliness. Comput Human Behav 2019; 92: 151-159.
• Tudorel OI. Adverse childhood experiences and problematic technology use: The mediating role of satisfaction with life. Curr Psychol 2023; 42(17): 14681-14688.
• McLafferty M, O'Neill S, Armour C, et al. The mediating role of various types of social networks on psychopathology following adverse childhood experiences. J Affect Disord 2018; 238: 547-553.
• Corcoran M, McNulty M. Examining the role of attachment in the relationship between childhood adversity, psychological distress and subjective well-being. Child Abuse Negl 2018; 76: 297-309.
• Wilke N, Howard AH, Morgan M, Hardin M. Adverse childhood experiences and problematic media use: The roles of attachment and impulsivity. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud 2020; 15(4): 344-355.
• Zarse EM, Neff MR, Yoder R, et al. The adverse childhood experiences questionnaire: Two decades of research on childhood trauma as a primary cause of adult mental illness, addiction, and medical diseases. Cogent Med 2019; 6(1): 1581447.
• Elmore AL, Crouch E, Chowdhury MAK. The interaction of adverse childhood experiences and resiliency on the outcome of depression among children and youth, 8-17 year olds. Child Abuse Negl 2020; 107: 104616.