Ergenlerden Oluşan bir Klinik Örneklemde Dürtüsellik ile İnternet Bağımlılığı Aşermesi Arasındaki İlişki
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 78 - 85, 31.03.2022
Sabide Duygu Uygun
,
Demet Aygün Arı
Semra Çetinkaya
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ergenlerde internet bağımlılığı ve ilişkili değişkenlerin gelecekteki alkol ve madde kullanımını yordayan yüksek riskli kişilik özellikleri ile ilişkisini incelemek ve internet bağımlılığı olan ve olmayan ergenleri bu kişilik özellikleri açısından karşılaştırmaktı.
Yöntem: Yaş ortalaması 16,7 ve 161’i erkek olan 196 katılımcının yer aldığı çalışmanın deseni kesitseldi. Değerlendirme, bir demografik form ile Madde Kullanım Risk Profili Ölçeği (MKRPÖ) ve Bağımlılık Profil İndeksi İnternet Bağımlılığı Formu (BAPİNT) olmak üzere ilaveten iki öz-bildirim ölçeğini içerdi.
Bulgular: BAPİNT aşerme skorları ile MKRPÖ dürtüsellik skorları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu , ayrıca BAPİNT yaşama etki skorları ile MKRPÖ anksiyete duyarlılığı skorları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptandı . BAPİNT’e göre katılımcıların %31,1’inde (n=61) internet bağımlılığı olduğu belirlendi, internet bağımlılığı olan ve olmayan ergenler arasında bu kişilik özellikleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmadı.
Sonuç: Ergenlerde internet kullanımı değerlendirilirken dürtüsellik ve anksiyete duyarlılığının taranması ve müdahale edilmesi ergenleri internet bağımlılığına karşı koruyabilir.
Kaynakça
- 1. Çevik-Saldıran T. İnternet Bağımlılığında Cinsiyet, Fiziksel Aktivite ve Yaşam Kalitesinin Tahmini Etkileri: Üniversite Öğrenci Örneklemi. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2021; 22(1): 10-9.
- 2. Jorgenson AG, Hsiao RC-J, Yen C-F. Internet addiction and other behavioral addictions. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics 2016; 25(3): 509-20.
- 3. Pies R. Should DSM-V designate “Internet addiction” a mental disorder? Psychiatry (Edgmont) 2009; 6(2): 31.
- 4. Yellowlees PM, Marks S. Problematic Internet use or Internet addiction? Comput Hum Behav 2007; 23(3): 1447-53.
- 5. Kırağ N, Güver Y. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılığı ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasındaki ilişki. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2019; 20(4): 232-40.
- 6. Davis RA. A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Comput Hum Behav 2001; 17(2): 187-95.
- 7. Cao F, Su L. Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: prevalence and psychological features. Child Care Health Dev 2007; 33(3): 275-81.
- 8. Jang KS, Hwang SY, Choi JY. Internet addiction and psychiatric symptoms among Korean adolescents. J Sch Health 2008; 78(3): 165-71.
- 9. Batıgün AD, Kılıç N. İnternet Bağımlılığı ile Kişilik Özellikleri, Sosyal Destek, Psikolojik Belirtiler ve Bazı Sosyo-Demografik Değişkenler Arasındaki İlişkiler. Turk Psikoloji Dergisi 2011; 26(67).
- 10. Shek DT, Tang VM, Lo C. Internet addiction in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong: assessment, profiles, and psychosocial correlates. Sci World J 2008; 8: 776-87.
- 11. Floros G, Siomos K, Stogiannidou A, et al. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders with Internet addiction in a clinical sample: The effect of personality, defense style and psychopathology. Addict Behav 2014; 39(12): 1839-45.
- 12. Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen C-C, et al. Proposed diagnostic criteria of Internet addiction for adolescents. J Nerv Ment Dis 2005; 193(11): 728-33.
- 13. Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Yen C-F, et al. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature. Eur Psychiatry 2012; 27(1): 1-8.
- 14. Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen C-C, et al. Tridimensional personality of adolescents with internet addiction and substance use experience. Can J Psychiatry 2006; 51(14): 887-94.
- 15. Ko CH, Yen J-Y, Yen CF, et al. The association between Internet addiction and problematic alcohol use in adolescents: the problem behavior model. Cyberpsychol Behav 2008; 11(5): 571-6.
- 16. Ko C-H, Liu G-C, Hsiao S, et al. Brain activities associated with gaming urge of online gaming addiction. J Psychiatr Res 2009; 43(7): 739-47.
- 17. Woicik PA, Stewart SH, Pihl RO, Conrod PJ. The substance use risk profile scale: A scale measuring traits linked to reinforcement-specific substance use profiles. Addict Behav 2009; 34(12): 1042-55.
- 18. Edalati H, Conrod PJ. A review of personality-targeted interventions for prevention of substance misuse and related harm in community samples of adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2019; 9: 770.
- 19. Castellanos‐Ryan N, O'Leary‐Barrett M, Sully L, Conrod P. Sensitivity and specificity of a brief personality screening instrument in predicting future substance use, emotional, and behavioral problems: 18‐month predictive validity of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2013; 37: E281-E90.
- 20. Uygun SD, Çöp E, Özdel K, et al. Madde Kullanımı Risk Profili Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlamasının İleri Psikometrik Özellikleri. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi 2020; 27(2): 91-5.
- 21. Uygun SD, Cop E, Uneri OS, et al. Psychometric evaluation of the Turkish version of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale in adolescents. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2019: 1-16.
- 22. Ögel K, Karadag F, Satgan D. Psychometric properties of the addiction profile index internet addiction form (BAPINT). Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni 2012; 22(1): S110.
- 23. Ögel K, Karadağ F, Satgan D, Koç C. Bağımlılık profil indeksi internet bağımlılığı formu’nun (bapint) geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Düşünen Adam-Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2015; 28(4): 337-43.
- 24. Joos L, Goudriaan A, Schmaal L, et al. The relationship between impulsivity and craving in alcohol dependent patients. Psychopharmacology 2013; 226(2): 273-83.
- 25. Tziortzis D, Mahoney III JJ, Kalechstein AD, et al. The relationship between impulsivity and craving in cocaine-and methamphetamine-dependent volunteers. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 98(2): 196-202.
- 26. Yang W, Wang S, Shao Z, et al. Novel circuit biomarker of impulsivity and craving in male heroin-dependent individuals. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 219: 108485.
- 27. Billieux J, Van der Linden M, Ceschi G. Which dimensions of impulsivity are related to cigarette craving? Addict Behav 2007; 32(6): 1189-99.
- 28. Di Nicola M, Tedeschi D, De Risio L, et al. Co-occurrence of alcohol use disorder and behavioral addictions: relevance of impulsivity and craving. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 148: 118-25.
- 29. Evren C, Durkaya M, Evren B, et al. Relationship of relapse with impulsivity, novelty seeking and craving in male alcohol‐dependent inpatients. Drug Alcohol Rev 2012; 31(1): 81-90.
- 30. Stevens L, Verdejo-García A, Goudriaan AE, et al. Impulsivity as a vulnerability factor for poor addiction treatment outcomes: a review of neurocognitive findings among individuals with substance use disorders. J Subst Abuse Treat 2014; 47(1): 58-72.
- 31. Ekhtiari H, Nasseri P, Yavari F, et al. Neuroscience of drug craving for addiction medicine: From circuits to therapies. Prog Brain Res 2016; 223: 115-41.
- 32. Floros G, Siomos K. Excessive Internet use and personality traits. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2014; 1(1): 19-26.
- 33. Evren C, Dalbudak E, Evren B, Ciftci Demirci A. High risk of internet addiction and its relationship with lifetime substance use, psychological and behavioral problems among 10th grade adolescents. Psychiatr Danub 2014; 26(4): 0-339.
- 34. Hashemi SGS, Hosseinnezhad S, Dini S, et al. The mediating effect of the cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity in the association between problematic internet use, metacognition beliefs, and fear of COVID-19 among Iranian online population. Heliyon 2020; 6(10): e05135.
- 35. Lam LT. Risk factors of Internet addiction and the health effect of internet addiction on adolescents: a systematic review of longitudinal and prospective studies. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2014; 16(11): 508.
- 36. Carver CS, White TL. Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol 1994; 67(2): 319.
The Relationship between Impulsivity and Craving of Internet Addiction in a Clinical Sample of Adolescents
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 78 - 85, 31.03.2022
Sabide Duygu Uygun
,
Demet Aygün Arı
Semra Çetinkaya
Öz
Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship of internet addiction and related variables with high-risk personality traits that predict future alcohol and substance use in adolescents and to compare adolescents with and without internet addiction in terms of these personality traits.
Method: A cross-sectional design study was adopted in which 196 participants, 161 of whom were males, with a mean age of 16.7 took part. The assessment consisted of a demographic form, and additionally two self-administered instruments including the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS) and the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form (BAPINT).
Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between the scores of the craving for the BAPINT and the scores of the impulsivity for the SURPS. In addition, there was a statistically significant relationship between the scores of the effect on life for the BAPINT and the scores of the anxiety sensitivity for the SURPS . According to the BAPINT, 31.1% (n=61) of the participants had internet addiction. There were no significant differences between the adolescents with and without internet addiction in terms of the personality traits.
Conclusion: Screening and interfering with impulsivity and anxiety sensitivity when assessing internet use in adolescents may protect against internet addiction.
Kaynakça
- 1. Çevik-Saldıran T. İnternet Bağımlılığında Cinsiyet, Fiziksel Aktivite ve Yaşam Kalitesinin Tahmini Etkileri: Üniversite Öğrenci Örneklemi. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2021; 22(1): 10-9.
- 2. Jorgenson AG, Hsiao RC-J, Yen C-F. Internet addiction and other behavioral addictions. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics 2016; 25(3): 509-20.
- 3. Pies R. Should DSM-V designate “Internet addiction” a mental disorder? Psychiatry (Edgmont) 2009; 6(2): 31.
- 4. Yellowlees PM, Marks S. Problematic Internet use or Internet addiction? Comput Hum Behav 2007; 23(3): 1447-53.
- 5. Kırağ N, Güver Y. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılığı ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasındaki ilişki. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2019; 20(4): 232-40.
- 6. Davis RA. A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Comput Hum Behav 2001; 17(2): 187-95.
- 7. Cao F, Su L. Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: prevalence and psychological features. Child Care Health Dev 2007; 33(3): 275-81.
- 8. Jang KS, Hwang SY, Choi JY. Internet addiction and psychiatric symptoms among Korean adolescents. J Sch Health 2008; 78(3): 165-71.
- 9. Batıgün AD, Kılıç N. İnternet Bağımlılığı ile Kişilik Özellikleri, Sosyal Destek, Psikolojik Belirtiler ve Bazı Sosyo-Demografik Değişkenler Arasındaki İlişkiler. Turk Psikoloji Dergisi 2011; 26(67).
- 10. Shek DT, Tang VM, Lo C. Internet addiction in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong: assessment, profiles, and psychosocial correlates. Sci World J 2008; 8: 776-87.
- 11. Floros G, Siomos K, Stogiannidou A, et al. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders with Internet addiction in a clinical sample: The effect of personality, defense style and psychopathology. Addict Behav 2014; 39(12): 1839-45.
- 12. Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen C-C, et al. Proposed diagnostic criteria of Internet addiction for adolescents. J Nerv Ment Dis 2005; 193(11): 728-33.
- 13. Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Yen C-F, et al. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature. Eur Psychiatry 2012; 27(1): 1-8.
- 14. Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen C-C, et al. Tridimensional personality of adolescents with internet addiction and substance use experience. Can J Psychiatry 2006; 51(14): 887-94.
- 15. Ko CH, Yen J-Y, Yen CF, et al. The association between Internet addiction and problematic alcohol use in adolescents: the problem behavior model. Cyberpsychol Behav 2008; 11(5): 571-6.
- 16. Ko C-H, Liu G-C, Hsiao S, et al. Brain activities associated with gaming urge of online gaming addiction. J Psychiatr Res 2009; 43(7): 739-47.
- 17. Woicik PA, Stewart SH, Pihl RO, Conrod PJ. The substance use risk profile scale: A scale measuring traits linked to reinforcement-specific substance use profiles. Addict Behav 2009; 34(12): 1042-55.
- 18. Edalati H, Conrod PJ. A review of personality-targeted interventions for prevention of substance misuse and related harm in community samples of adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2019; 9: 770.
- 19. Castellanos‐Ryan N, O'Leary‐Barrett M, Sully L, Conrod P. Sensitivity and specificity of a brief personality screening instrument in predicting future substance use, emotional, and behavioral problems: 18‐month predictive validity of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2013; 37: E281-E90.
- 20. Uygun SD, Çöp E, Özdel K, et al. Madde Kullanımı Risk Profili Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlamasının İleri Psikometrik Özellikleri. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi 2020; 27(2): 91-5.
- 21. Uygun SD, Cop E, Uneri OS, et al. Psychometric evaluation of the Turkish version of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale in adolescents. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2019: 1-16.
- 22. Ögel K, Karadag F, Satgan D. Psychometric properties of the addiction profile index internet addiction form (BAPINT). Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni 2012; 22(1): S110.
- 23. Ögel K, Karadağ F, Satgan D, Koç C. Bağımlılık profil indeksi internet bağımlılığı formu’nun (bapint) geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Düşünen Adam-Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2015; 28(4): 337-43.
- 24. Joos L, Goudriaan A, Schmaal L, et al. The relationship between impulsivity and craving in alcohol dependent patients. Psychopharmacology 2013; 226(2): 273-83.
- 25. Tziortzis D, Mahoney III JJ, Kalechstein AD, et al. The relationship between impulsivity and craving in cocaine-and methamphetamine-dependent volunteers. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 98(2): 196-202.
- 26. Yang W, Wang S, Shao Z, et al. Novel circuit biomarker of impulsivity and craving in male heroin-dependent individuals. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 219: 108485.
- 27. Billieux J, Van der Linden M, Ceschi G. Which dimensions of impulsivity are related to cigarette craving? Addict Behav 2007; 32(6): 1189-99.
- 28. Di Nicola M, Tedeschi D, De Risio L, et al. Co-occurrence of alcohol use disorder and behavioral addictions: relevance of impulsivity and craving. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 148: 118-25.
- 29. Evren C, Durkaya M, Evren B, et al. Relationship of relapse with impulsivity, novelty seeking and craving in male alcohol‐dependent inpatients. Drug Alcohol Rev 2012; 31(1): 81-90.
- 30. Stevens L, Verdejo-García A, Goudriaan AE, et al. Impulsivity as a vulnerability factor for poor addiction treatment outcomes: a review of neurocognitive findings among individuals with substance use disorders. J Subst Abuse Treat 2014; 47(1): 58-72.
- 31. Ekhtiari H, Nasseri P, Yavari F, et al. Neuroscience of drug craving for addiction medicine: From circuits to therapies. Prog Brain Res 2016; 223: 115-41.
- 32. Floros G, Siomos K. Excessive Internet use and personality traits. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2014; 1(1): 19-26.
- 33. Evren C, Dalbudak E, Evren B, Ciftci Demirci A. High risk of internet addiction and its relationship with lifetime substance use, psychological and behavioral problems among 10th grade adolescents. Psychiatr Danub 2014; 26(4): 0-339.
- 34. Hashemi SGS, Hosseinnezhad S, Dini S, et al. The mediating effect of the cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity in the association between problematic internet use, metacognition beliefs, and fear of COVID-19 among Iranian online population. Heliyon 2020; 6(10): e05135.
- 35. Lam LT. Risk factors of Internet addiction and the health effect of internet addiction on adolescents: a systematic review of longitudinal and prospective studies. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2014; 16(11): 508.
- 36. Carver CS, White TL. Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol 1994; 67(2): 319.