Farklı Anaçlar Üzerine Aşılı Bazı Şeftali Çeşitlerinde Topraktaki Su Noksanlığının Biyokimyasal Değişimler Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu araştırma 1991 yılında Yalova Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsünde cam serada yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, Yabani, GF-305 ve Nemaguard çöğür anaçlarına aşılı Early Red, Redhaven, J.H. Hale ve Rio-Oso-Gem şeftali çeşitlerinin farklı kurak koşullarda gösterdikleri bazı biyokimyasal değişimler incelenmiştir. Aşılandıktan sonra bir yaşını tamamlamış bitkiler saksılara alındıktan sonra cam sera içine yerleştirilmiş ve dış koşullarda hava sıcaklığının en etkili olduğu döneme (1-15 Temmuz) kadar faydalı su düzeyinde sulanmışlardır. Daha sonra bu bitkilere faydalı su yun %100, %75, %50 ve %25’i düzeyinde su verilmiştir. Çalışma süresince belli aralıklarla alınan bitki yapraklarında toplam klorofil, şeker ve nişasta miktarındaki değişimler incelenmiştir. Bitkilere verilen suyun kısıtlanmasıyla yaprak klorofil miktarında azalmalar görülmüştür. Deneme sonunda en fazla klorofil azalması Early Red çeşidinde olmuştur. Anaçlar arasında ise GF-305 anacına aşılı bitkilerdeki klorofil kayıp oranı diğerlerine göre daha fazla olmuştur. Genel olarak, bitkilere verilen su kısıtlandıkça toplam şeker miktarında artış, toplam nişasta miktarında azalma saptanmıştır. Ancak, karbonhidrat formları arasındaki değişiklikler, anaç ve çeşide göre farklı dönemlerde gerçekleşmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaç
• Şeftali
• Su Noksanlığı
• Biyokimyasal Değişimler

Effects of Soil Water Deficits on Biochemical Changes in Some Peach Rootstocks and Cultivars

Abstract

This study was conducted in the greenhouse at Yalova Atatürk Horticultural Research Institute in 1991. Some biochemical changes in different watering regimes were investigated on Early Red, Redhaven, J.H. Hale and Rio-Oso-Gem peach cultivars grafted onto seedling, GF-305 and Nemaguard rootstocks. The potted one-year-old plants kept in the greenhouse were watered at available water capacity. When ambient temperature was high (1-15 July) the watering levels were changed by giving 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of available soil water. The total chlorophyll, total sugar and total starch changes in plant leaves given periodically were investigated. Decreases in leaf chlorophyll contents happened showed when limited water was given to the plants. At the end of experiment, the highest decrease in the leaf chlorophyll contents was found in Early Red cultivar. Plants on GF-305 showed higher chlorophyll losses than other two rootstocks. In general, when the water was limited, the leaf total sugar content increased and total starch content decreased. Changes however occurred at different time for each variety/rootstock combinations.

Keywords

• Rootstock
• Peach
• Water Deficiency
• Biochemical Changes

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